Growths can appear in anyone, regardless of age and gender. In most cases, they pose no threat to humans. But if growths on the skin appear in inconvenient places, are constantly injured, change their shape and size, you should take a closer look at them and, if necessary, visit a doctor.

Skin growths are usually divided into several types. These are benign, malignant and borderline formations, which are also called precancerous. Each group can include its own specific growths, differing in appearance, structure and characteristics. Benign formations include:

• atheroma and lipoma,
• hemangioma and papilloma,
• mole and lymphangioma,
• fibroma and nevus,
• neurofibroma.

Such formations that appear on the body do not pose any threat. However, if they are placed in a place where they are constantly exposed to friction and injury, then this can subsequently lead to disruption of the internal system of the body. It should also be taken into account that under the influence of certain external factors harmless growths can gradually transform into malignant formations. Malignant growths include:

• sarcoma,
• basalioma,
• melanoma,
• liposarcoma.

These types of growths tend to grow quickly, affecting healthy tissues and cells. Very often they provoke the appearance of metastases, thereby affecting internal organs. Doctors in such cases give an unfavorable prognosis. The fact is that malignant tumors are very difficult to treat and often cause repeated relapses. If metastases penetrate to vital organs, and a person discovers this late, then death is possible. Borderline skin conditions, which are considered precancerous, are divided into:

• xeroderma pigmentosum,
• Bowen's dermatosis,
• senile keratoma,
• cutaneous horn.

All these formations can transform from safe growths into more dangerous conditions. This may occur due to genetic factors, hereditary predisposition of the body, or due to other provoking reasons.

Growths on the skin of the hands

Growths can appear on the skin surface of the upper extremities at any age. They quite rarely provoke pain, but it is also difficult to call them absolutely harmless. Sometimes such a formation may appear as a result of bone deformation. In this case, a person risks facing certain unpleasant consequences.

Hemangioma can often be found on the hand. This growth can reach big size, can be burgundy or dark- of blue color. Hemangioma is a benign formation and does not pose a threat to human life. However, it is easily injured, which is accompanied by heavy bleeding, which is why doctors recommend removing such a growth. The procedure is carried out in various ways:

• laser exposure,
• sclerotherapy,
• surgical excision.

You can also often notice warts and papillomas on your hands. These are also benign formations, consisting mainly of epithelial tissue. They are caused by the human papillomavirus, which can infect anyone.

Externally, such growths look like small horny outgrowths protruding above the surface of the skin. They are completely painless. If there are too many warts or papillomas on the hands, then we can talk about a significant decrease in immunity. And if a person begins to take strengthening and antiviral drugs in a timely manner, then such formations disappear on their own over time.

You should not try to remove growths on your hands yourself. Such manipulations will not be effective and may cause some complications. Typically, formations that appear on the hands are associated with disorders occurring in the bone and joint tissue. Therefore, they need to be removed only surgically.

Growths on the skin of the legs

Representatives of the fair sex often encounter formations in the leg area. Growths appear on the lower extremities under the influence of harmful external factors. In most cases, this is due to regular wearing of uncomfortable, narrow shoes on high heels. As a result, the foot is faced with an uneven distribution of the load, which is why various growths begin to appear.

Some formations cause a lot of discomfort with their presence. So a lipoma, which is also called a wen, forms under the knee on the back of the leg. Outwardly, it resembles a small seal. It does not cause any painful sensations, but from an aesthetic point of view it interferes and causes inconvenience. Moreover, the lipoma grows and increases in size over time.

Growths on the lower extremities can be treated different ways. In this case, surgical intervention is resorted to only when the presence of a growth can provoke serious consequences in relation to the entire musculoskeletal system.

Growths on the scalp

Warts are more often seen on the scalp. Their appearance resembles small nodules oval shape. They are located under the hair, slightly protruding above the surface of the skin.

The main provoking factor in their appearance is the papillomavirus, which is considered contagious and can be transmitted from one person to another. If the immune system is extremely weakened and unable to resist the virus, then small warts begin to appear on the scalp.

Growths on the skin of the face

When tumors appear on the face, it becomes a real aesthetic problem. Typically, such growths have a color similar to the epidermis or a brown tint. It can be:

• nevi,
• warts,
• moles.

Warts appear on the skin surface of the face due to close contact with a person who has already been infected with the papilloma virus. Warts can also be transmitted in other ways:

• unprotected sexual intercourse;
• during childbirth from mother to child;
• through contaminated household items.

Birthmarks and nevi are made up of cells called melanocytes. Their color can be light or dark; such growths do not pose any particular danger. But if they begin to change shape, quickly increase in size and cause discomfort, then you should definitely see a specialist.

In addition, when injured, a mole can degenerate into a malignant formation. In this case, it becomes dangerous to human health; the doctor recommends removing it using surgical excision or laser exposure.

Malignant and benign growths

Since some growths from benign can transform into malignant, this process should be recognized in time. Benign growths grow quite slowly. They extremely rarely affect internal tissues and do not put pressure on nearby surfaces. Their structure is similar to that from which they were formed.

As for malignant growths, they tend to grow quickly and increase in size. In this case, the tissue nearby is always affected. Malignant formations that can appear on the face, back and other parts of the body subsequently metastasize. And if this happens, then such a progressive growth is difficult to treat.

Periungual, plantar, filiform warts

One of the most unpleasant growths that a person often encounters is a wart. It can appear on absolutely any part of the body. However, in most cases, such a growth affects the lower extremities. Experts distinguish the following types of formations:

• periungual,
• plantar,
• filamentous in nature.

Periungual warts are considered benign formations that do not pose any threat to human health. They appear near the nail plate, under it and in the cuticle area. The provoking factor for their occurrence is the second type of virus, which is transmitted from one person to another. Infection can also occur through minor injuries and small cuts on the skin.

Plantar warts are localized in the toes and around the entire perimeter of the foot. They are distinguished by their dense structure and rounded shape. The cause of their appearance is the human papillomavirus present in the body. Plantar warts cause a lot of discomfort, making it difficult to walk normally and wear your favorite shoes. While walking, a person feels an unpleasant itch, so this type of growth should be gotten rid of as soon as it is discovered.

The filamentous growths are very thin. The place of their localization is the folds of the skin and the surface of the face. They can reach five millimeters in length. A feature of such warts is their ability to affect healthy areas of the epidermis. The color of filamentous warts can be flesh-colored or light brown.

Soft fibroma

Underneath the fibroma lies a benign formation. It develops from the cells themselves connective tissue. Externally, the growth looks like a cluster of small nodules that have a warty or completely smooth surface. The color of this formation can be:

• gray,
• black and blue,
• brown.

Fibroids grow slowly enough without causing discomfort to a person. This growth does not pose any danger. However, under the influence of certain external factors, a harmless fibroma can transform into fibrosarcoma, which is considered a malignant formation. Therefore, many experts recommend removing such growth using laser treatment.

A neurofibroma, consisting of nerve cells, may also appear on the human body. It forms under the skin surface in the area of ​​fatty tissue. The tubercle itself has a dense structure. It is usually removed by surgery or drug therapy.

Some people may experience a phenomenon called proliferation of epidermal cells. In this case, a small cone-shaped elevation is formed, which has a scaly structure and is called the cutaneous horn. The growth has many layers, which is why it becomes a real aesthetic problem.

Usually people who have reached old age encounter cutaneous horn. The disease is painless, but the skin surface is subject to inflammatory processes. And if a person does not begin to take appropriate therapeutic measures in time, then the formation turns into a malignant form. Therefore it is better to remove it.

Flat keratinizing cancer

Flat keratinizing cancer is one of the common types of malignant tumors. At the initial stages, the upper layer of the epidermis is affected, then the tumor itself begins to develop. Most often it develops from the following types of growths:

• keratosis,
• cutaneous horn,
• keratoacanthomas.

Provoking factors contributing to the occurrence of flat cancer are:

• excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays;
• received a chemical or thermal burn;
• existing precancerous skin diseases;
• constant contact with hazardous chemicals.

Such growths can be recognized by their red tint and the resulting crust, which can bleed. If a person notices such signs, he should immediately see a specialist.

Treatment of skin growths

The basis of treatment for skin growths is their removal. A laser beam is most often used, since this effect is considered the most effective and efficient. The laser also prevents malignant cells from developing and penetrating further into the layers of the epidermis. Benign growths are removed using the following methods:

• radio wave method,
• electrocoagulation,
• cryodestruction.

If the growths begin to transform into cancerous formations, then the doctor may prescribe chemical or radiation therapy. It is better to combat such phenomena by early stages until the benign form progresses to the malignant stage. If surgical intervention is performed in a timely manner, the therapeutic result will be positive. But you can only fight warts on your own.

Surgical operations

Surgical intervention is used in cases where the growth is located above the surface of the skin. In this case, the method of surgical excision is used. But there must be an indication for this method of influence.

When the growth has taken root in the layers of the epidermis, it is not recommended to remove it in this way. Otherwise, the process of recovery and rehabilitation may take a long time and during this period the person will have to face significant discomfort.

Laser therapy

Laser therapy is the effect of a laser beam. During this procedure, the keratinized tissue of the growth is simply removed and cut off. There is no pain and the wound does not bleed. Usually moles and warts are removed with a laser.

The whole procedure takes a few minutes, after which the person can continue to lead their usual lifestyle. There are no marks or scars left on the treated area.

The basis of such a method as cryodestruction is the treatment of the growth with nitrogen at a very cold temperature. This method is not used as widely as laser, but it also allows you to get rid of different types of growths.

During cryodestruction there is also no bleeding. The tissues of the existing formation simply collapse and fall off. A healthy skin surface remains on the treated area. However, this method is not suitable for getting rid of growths that have become malignant.

Folk remedies

You can remove growths using lotions and compresses made from potatoes, apples and celandine. It is potatoes that give the most pronounced effect. The unpeeled tuber must be grated and the resulting mass should be placed on cling film. Then apply the finished compress and secure it with a bandage in the area where there is a growth. Keep it for several hours, and in order to completely get rid of tumors, such manipulations will need to be repeated daily for a month.

Another method that allows you to quickly and very easily remove existing growths at home. To do this, potato juice can be mixed with garlic or aloe juice. Take the components in equal proportions. A piece of gauze is soaked in the resulting liquid, which is then applied to the tumors. The product will help remove even an old large wart.

Prevention

The main prevention of the transformation of benign growths into malignant forms is their timely removal. Especially when we are talking about those formations that begin to change shape and size over time.

People who have many moles and nevi on their body should avoid overexposure sun rays. You need to watch your diet. If possible, carcinogenic foods will need to be excluded from the diet. Food should be healthy and minimally processed. These small rules will help protect against the possible development of skin cancer.

Many people mistakenly call any new growths in the body cancerous tumors. This is a gross mistake, since formations have a complex classification, each type has individual characteristics, symptoms and prognosis.

This article will help you understand this issue: it examines in detail the main types and most common forms of neoplasms.

What are neoplasms?

Neoplasms are tumors that are studied by oncology. At their core, they are a cluster of identical cells, which is localized in a specific area. Today, this problem is widespread and is considered one of the main social problems.

All neoplasms can be divided into two main groups - benign and malignant tumors, each of them has several hundred varieties.

Causes of neoplasms

Given the variety of forms and types of neoplasms, they can arise for various reasons.

Types of skin tumors

All neoplasms on the skin are divided into benign and malignant tumors. Sometimes a borderline form is also distinguished, which is precancerous stage and over time can develop into a malignant tumor. All of these groups include a large number of different entities; the most common options are discussed in more detail below.

Malignant neoplasms are tumors that gradually grow over time, invading and destroying neighboring tissue. The destruction of nerves encountered along their path leads to acute pain, and damage to blood vessels leads to the opening of internal bleeding.

Tumor cells do not have cohesion and spread throughout the body along with the blood, settling in internal organs or tissues, which leads to the formation of metastases. Very often, even after treatment or surgery, relapses can occur.

Developing from the pigment cells of moles, it is one of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms.

Melanoma is a common form of cancer, this form of the disease is characterized by an increased degree of aggressiveness, the prognosis in most cases is unfavorable. Most often, melanoma begins to develop on new moles, although in some cases old pigments can also be affected.

A number of characteristic manifestations may indicate such a diagnosis, so at the first sign you should immediately seek professional help. medical care, since in later stages treatment is much more difficult.

Photo

Below is a photograph that demonstrates the external manifestation of melanoma:

Symptoms

The main symptoms that are observed when melanoma occurs are given below:

1. A rapid increase in the size of a mole; in just six months it can increase several times.
2. Change in color of a mole, this can be either lightening or darkening. At the same time, it can change its color over the entire surface or in certain places.
3. A change in shape, usually accompanied by a lack of symmetry.
4. There are no obvious boundaries, since the pigment merges with the skin.
5. The appearance of ulcers at the site of the mole.
6. Acute pain.
7. Loss of hairs growing on a mole.

It is another form of blood cancer, in this case the tumor occurs due to the accumulation of epithelial cells. Elderly people are at risk, although under the influence of provoking factors, such a neoplasm can occur in any person.

Unlike many other forms of cancer, basal cell carcinoma does not metastasize, the course of the disease is almost always benign, and most experts agree that such a diagnosis cannot lead to death.

The only exception is squamous cell type of basalioma, but it occurs only in 20% of all cases. However, there is always an extremely high probability of relapse: no treatment method can currently guarantee a complete cure.

Basalioma should not be neglected, since it is much easier to get rid of it at an early stage. Ulcers measuring 10 cm or larger usually affect internal tissues and nerves, making therapy difficult. In some situations, death occurs from possible complications.

Photo

Below is a photograph of a basal cell carcinoma, which gives an idea of ​​what this tumor looks like:

Symptoms

At the initial stage, basal cell carcinoma is virtually invisible and often cannot be recognized in a timely manner, but then the following symptoms begin to appear:

1. The appearance of surface formations, they are usually single and have a dense structure.
2. All formations necessarily have a small internal depression.
3. The shape may be different, but the boundaries of the neoplasm are always clearly defined, the diameter usually does not exceed a centimeter.
4. The resulting tumor rises slightly above the outer layers of the skin.
5. The appearance of minor itching, which is initially absent.
6. The presence of visually distinguishable nodules, which are especially noticeable when the skin is stretched. Their color can be white, sometimes yellowish or grayish shades are found.
7. Painful sensations that begin to occur as the tumor grows.
8. Crusts on the surface of the tumor; removing them usually leads to bleeding.

It was named after the Hungarian dermatologist who first described this disease, which primarily affects patients with HIV infection.

Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by multiple lesions of malignant neoplasms. This process is usually provoked by the herpes virus type 8, so not only people with HIV infection, but also local residents of the equatorial part of Africa are at risk; Mediterranean residents who have reached old age, and patients who have undergone internal organ transplantation.

When an appropriate diagnosis is made, local or systemic treatment can be prescribed depending on the stage of the disease and other features of the situation.

Kaposi's sarcoma itself does not pose a health threat, but it significantly worsens the aesthetics of appearance and leads to psychological discomfort. It can also cause complications that disrupt the functioning of the respiratory or digestive system, which is much more dangerous than the neoplasms themselves.

Photo

The photograph below of the external symptoms of Kaposi's sarcoma allows you to understand what such neoplasms look like:

Symptoms

The presence of Kaposi's sarcoma is usually indicated by the following symptoms characteristic of this disease:

1. The appearance of spots on the skin that may be pink, red, blue or purple. They do not lighten when touched or otherwise mechanically affected.
2. The appearance of a blistering rash, which is similar to the external manifestation of lichen ruber and can sometimes interfere with diagnosis. There is a gradual growth of the nodes, sometimes they reach the size of a fairly large walnut.
3. The affected area often dries out and begins to peel off, with spider veins visible on the nodes.
4. Painful sensations that occur when mechanical pressure is applied to the nodes. In some situations, for example, when the oral mucosa is damaged, the pain may never stop.

It is the most common and well-known type of malignant neoplasms affecting soft fabrics. Typically, this disease occurs in male patients over 40 years of age who have any benign tumors.

At risk are people who come into contact with asbestos, as well as those taking various hormonal drugs. When diagnosing the disease, specialists are faced with a number of difficulties, since in the initial stages it is extremely difficult to recognize liposarcoma, and the tumors themselves cannot be felt even during palpation.

Today, the following forms of this neoplasm are distinguished:

1. Poorly differentiated liposarcoma is the most common type; in appearance, the neoplasms are similar to ordinary fatty compounds, which have a tendency to actively grow.
2. Myxoid liposarcoma is a borderline form, the tumor cells, when examined in detail, look and behave normally, but the tumor can begin to grow at any time.
3. Pleomorphic liposarcoma It is extremely rare and mostly affects only the limbs.
4. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a subspecies classic shape, but the neoplasm is more different aggressive behavior, there is a tendency to frequent metastases.
5. Mixed liposarcoma is a combined combination of signs of several other forms at once, and occurs in extremely rare cases.

Photo

Below is a photo of liposarcoma:

Symptoms

The occurrence of liposarcoma is usually accompanied by the following manifestations:

1. Problems with breathing, speaking, swallowing and urinating.
2. Painful sensations.
3. A sharp decrease or increase in body weight.
4. The appearance of nodes that gradually change their color and become blue.
5. Numbness of the affected area if nerve endings were affected during the growth of the nodes.
6. General deterioration in health.
7. Fatigue too quickly even after a long rest.
8. Poisoning of the body with various substances produced during pathological processes.

It is worth noting that in the initial stages the disease is asymptomatic, all manifestations occur as the tumor forms.

It is a rarer type of malignant neoplasm, but it can affect all people, regardless of gender, age and other criteria.

Such tumors affect the fibers of the connective tissues of muscles or tendons. Fibrosarcoma can occur on the skin of any part of the body, but most often it affects the feet, much less often the face or body. Development of neoplasm and others pathological processes occur in the subcutaneous space, the skin itself is affected only in the most aggressive forms of the disease.

Photo

Below is a photo showing fibrosarcoma affecting the skin:

Symptoms

Fibrosarcoma may not have any symptoms for a long time, but then the following manifestations will indicate it:

1. Formation of a dense subcutaneous node.
2. The affected area takes on a bluish-brown color.
3. There is no pain at all.
4. Feeling of weakness, apathetic state.
5. A sharp decrease in body weight.
6. The occurrence of a feverish state.

Benign neoplasms They are also tumors that are the result of pathological processes, but the rate of their development is too slow or the disease does not progress at all. The danger is that they can change their shape and become malignant.

It is a tumor of the sebaceous glands; the cause of its occurrence is actually always their blockage.

The occurrence of atheroma can be provoked by:

• Thickening of the upper layers of the epidermis, as this leads to a deterioration in the outflow of produced sebum and subsequent blockage of the ducts.
• Changes in hormonal levels can also cause this disease, since against their background there is a change in the density and composition of fat.
• Aggressive environmental influences and poor environmental conditions place a person at risk.

Photo

Below is a photo of the skin affected by atheroma:

Symptoms

The main symptom is the appearance of spherical formations that look like this:

1. The shape of the tumor is always round and regular.
2. The appearance of the tumor occurs on the scalp or face, back, neck, armpits or in the area of ​​the genital folds, since these places have a large number of sebaceous glands.
3. The boundaries are clearly defined and distinguishable by simple inspection.
4. The surface is smooth, the structure is dense.
5. Pain is present only in case of complications, when inflammatory processes and suppuration occur.

It is another neoplasm of a benevolent nature; the tumor develops from an accumulation of cells on the internal surface of blood vessels.

In the vast majority of cases, hemangioma is a single structure, although several formations sometimes occur. Most often, the disease affects the scalp or neck, but it also occurs on the eyelids, forehead, inner or outer cheeks, nose and areas near it.

Sometimes the area around the genitals is affected, which can cause a number of complications if infection occurs. There are various forms of hemangioma, the classification is carried out depending on which vessels the tumor develops from.

Moles and nevi

Moles are distinguished by their diversity and are the most common form of benign neoplasms, which is known to every person.

Some moles are congenital; modern medicine associates their appearance with defects of embryonic development and migration of pigment cells into the skin. At the birth of a child, such neoplasms are invisible, but they begin to manifest themselves in the first years of life.

There are also acquired moles that arise due to excessive sun exposure of the skin, hormonal changes, or exposure to various infections. Small tumors pose no threat, but Large moles can cause malignant tumors.

Photo

Below is a photo of moles:

Symptoms

As already noted, moles are distinguished by their diversity; below are examples of what they can look like:

1. The smallest moles have a diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 cm; all new growths with a diameter of more than 10 cm are considered large.
2. The color can also vary: it can be dark brown or flesh-colored, which makes the mole almost invisible.
3. Flat moles are small spots, but there are also voluminous, pea-shaped growths.

is another type of benign tumor that develops from connective tissue fibers.

It may be present in a person from birth or be acquired. In most cases, it affects the skin and soft tissues, but sometimes the tumor also occurs in the internal cavities. Experts distinguish between hard and soft forms; the second type most often occurs in women.

Photo

Below is a photo of a fibroid:

Symptoms

The main symptoms of fibroids vary depending on the form, the features of the external manifestation are described below:

1. Hard fibroma is a protruding growth of skin that differs low level mobility. The tumor can be single or multiple and affects any part of the body or limbs. Color can vary from flesh to pink shades. Most often, fibroma has a smooth surface and is located on a stalk.
2. Soft fibroma looks like a pouch located on a leg and has a pink or brownish color. This tumor can occur in the armpits, in the immediate vicinity of the mammary glands or genitals, as well as on the front of the neck.

This is the last type of benign tumor that will be discussed in this article. Its development always occurs from the nerve sheaths.

When a neurofibroma occurs in childhood the tumor develops from the peripheral nerves, and when signs of a neoplasm appear at the age of 10 years and older development carried out from the central nerves. In most cases, especially when neurofibroma occurs at an older age, the phenomenon is hereditary.

Photo

Below is a photograph showing a neurofibroma:

Symptoms

This neoplasm has no clinical manifestations; its presence can be suspected in the following cases:

1. Formation of nodular spots located on the legs.
2. Distribution of age spots, similar in appearance to freckles.
3. Presence of milky coffee-colored stains.

Neurofibroma can affect any part of the human body except the feet and palms.

Precancerous conditions

Precancerous conditions are usually understood as pathological processes leading to changes in tissues, which significantly increases the risk of malignant neoplasms. The main types of such conditions are discussed below.

Today it is considered a rare disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes, and also increases the likelihood of developing into invasive cancer.

Those at risk are usually persons over 70 years of age Regardless of gender, factors that trigger Bowen's disease include exposure to chemicals, ultraviolet radiation or dangerous doses of radiation.

In some cases, the cause of the disease may be mechanical injuries or the presence of chronic dermatological lesions. The main danger for humans is the risk of Bowen's disease developing into squamous cell skin cancer, which is accompanied by tumor growth and metastasis.

Photo

Below is a photo showing external manifestations Bowen's disease:

Symptoms

Bowen's disease has characteristic symptoms, which are described below:

1. The appearance of a red spot on any part of the body; the lesion usually has a round shape and uneven borders.
2. The appearance of a copper-red plaque that develops in the place where the spot was originally located.
3. Covering the affected area with yellow or white scales that hide the constantly weeping surface of the skin. There is no bleeding when removing the scales.
4. The structure of the plaque gradually changes, it becomes warty and uneven.
5. The appearance of ulcers indicates the transition of the disease to cancer.

It is a hereditary disease that always becomes chronic. Features of the course are discussed below.

The disease is most common in Africa and the Middle East, with the first symptoms appearing in childhood. Children born in consanguineous marriages are at risk.

People of any gender are susceptible to xeroderma pigmentosum, but this disease is more common among girls. Sometimes it is hidden; in such cases, excessive ultraviolet radiation can become a provoking factor.

Photo

Below is a photograph demonstrating the external manifestations of xeroderma pigmentosum:

Symptoms

The disease begins to appear between the ages of six months and one year, with exacerbation occurring in the spring or summer.

The symptoms are as follows:

1. The appearance of swelling, blisters and redness of the skin in places that have been exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
2. Preservation of age spots, similar in appearance to freckles, which remain after inflammation has passed.
3. Thinning of the skin, increased dryness and cracking occur with relapses of the disease.
4. The appearance of papillomas and warty formations in the affected areas is one of the later stages of the disease.
5. Eye damage and the development of ophthalmological diseases in parallel with xeroderma pigmentosum are observed in 80% of cases.
6. Growth retardation and deterioration of teeth are other symptoms that often accompany the disease.

In rare cases, xeroderma pigmentosum is accompanied by the appearance of malignant neoplasms in the early stages.

It is a precancerous condition that occurs mainly in older people, which is why it received the appropriate name.

The cause of senile keratoma is growth of the upper layers of the epidermis, which is accompanied by keratinization of some cells. At risk are people over 50 years of age, regardless of gender, who have a tendency to dry out the skin. In most cases, exposed areas of the body are affected, since the provoking factor is exposure to ultraviolet rays.

Photo

Below is a photo showing external signs senile keratoma:

Symptoms

The symptoms that are observed with senile keratoma are described below:

1. The primary symptom is the appearance of a spot, which may have a yellowish or brownish tint.
2. In most cases, the lesions are multiple, with occasional single spots.
3. Over time, the affected area becomes pigmented and changes color, becoming red or brown.
4. As the spot grows, a papule with multiple small depressions forms on its surface.
5. A round plaque with a diameter of about 6 cm is the final form of the lesion.
6. In some cases, the plaque becomes covered with keratinized scales, the removal of which leads to bleeding.

It is one of the forms of neoplasms that consists entirely of cells of the spinous layer of the epidermis.

Externally this neoplasm resembles an animal horn, which is why it received the corresponding name. Most cases of cutaneous horn occur in older people, although it can appear at any age. Provoking factors are mechanical trauma to the skin or severe viral infections.

Photo

Below is a photograph of a cutaneous horn:

Symptoms

When a cutaneous horn occurs, the following characteristic symptoms are usually observed:

1. The appearance of a conical-shaped neoplasm that is yellowish or brown in color.
2. Dense structure of the neoplasm.
3. Slow growth that occurs only in length.
4. In some cases, a red rim is noticeable around the formed horn.
5. Inflammatory processes can occur only near the base of the horn and are temporary.

Treatment of skin tumors

Today, there are the following methods for treating neoplasms on the skin:

1. Chemotherapy.
2. Radiation therapy.
3. Surgical excision.

Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are practiced only in inoperable cases, but in the situation with malignant neoplasms the prognosis is virtually always unfavorable, due to frequent relapses and damage to internal organs, leading to death.

Removal of skin tumors

Surgical intervention allows you to completely get rid of benign neoplasms or precancerous conditions. The process involves removing the affected area, as well as a certain amount of healthy tissue adjacent to it.

Today it is practiced laser removal neoplasms, which reduces the likelihood of relapses, since the surface is also cauterized, preventing the spread of cancer cells.

In this article we will tell you about the most common skin growths. You will learn about benign and malignant skin tumors and methods for preventing skin diseases.

New growths on the skin are various lesions of the skin. They can be either malignant or benign. Often they look like tumors or look like some kind of discoloration in certain areas of the skin or mucous membrane. We will write about this in more detail in our article. For greater clarity, let’s say that any neoplasm is not good and it is better to consult a specialist immediately after its discovery. Even benign skin lesions after injury or excessive radiation can eventually turn into cancer. This cannot be allowed.

Where do neoplasms on the skin come from?

IN ideal conditions the number of dead cells and new ones should be equal, but this is not always the case. Sometimes the process of “birth” of new cells gets out of control and there are many more of them than required, and these cells do not even have time to fully mature. That is, they cannot perform their functions in the body. This excess of unnecessary and unnecessary skin cells is a neoplasm. Uncontrolled cell proliferation can be caused by many factors, but the most common are:

• Frequent skin lesions;
• Frequent exposure to radiation (including solar);
• Genetic predisposition;

The vast majority of tumors are benign and do not pose any threat to human life, but in some cases they can cause some discomfort and need to be removed. For example, if a benign skin tumor grows to such an extent that it can compress blood vessels or its pigment begins to spoil the appearance of the skin, especially in open areas.

Under certain conditions, skin trauma or high exposure to radiation, even a simple sun tan in large quantities may cause the fact that benign formations on the skin, which did not bring any discomfort in life at all, can cause the “degeneration” of a benign formation into a malignant one.

Types of skin tumors

All skin tumors are divided into three main types - benign, malignant and precancerous or borderline. Their main differences are the ability to metastasize and lead to complications varying degrees or even death.

Let's take a closer look at each of these types of neoplasms.

Benign formations on the skin

The most common of this type of skin formations are the following:

This is a fatty tumor, which is popularly called a wen. Most often, it forms in those places of the skin in which the amount of subcutaneous fat is extremely small, for example, on the upper back, in the shoulder girdle, on the hips. It does not affect the skin itself, but grows mainly into the deeper layers of the skin. In the vast majority of cases, it does not require treatment, only if its size prevents the patient from moving normally, but this happens extremely rarely.

(papillomas) viral. It is transmitted through objects with which the patient has been in contact. Externally it resembles a nodule or papilla. A particular risk of catching it (this is what causes the appearance of warts) is observed in people with reduced immunological activity and increased sweating of the skin.

Warts can grow to the size of a pea, or they can grow into huge plaques. Treated with simple medication, or special cases are removed surgically. It is also very common to find various traditional methods treatment of warts.

Nevus (moles)

There are also other names - birthmark or . They can be completely different colors, from light pink to almost black. Sizes from 0.1 cm to 10 cm. Moles can be either congenital or formed during life. They do not cause any discomfort. Often, more or less distinct moles appear in adolescence, it is very rare to find a mole in infants, but doctors believe that they exist, only of an extremely small size. A mole can appear anywhere on the body, even on mucous membranes, such as the mouth. Moreover, nevi appear more often on the female body.

A benign tumor that appears in different parts of the body. It can be on the body right from birth, or it can form at any age. Fibroids occur in both sexes equally. This is one of those neoplasms that can form both on the body itself and on internal organs. Fibroids are conventionally divided into two types – soft and hard. Soft ones are more common in women, and hard ones appear in both women and men. There is no significant difference between soft and hard fibroids.

It most often appears in older people on the head and on areas of the body that are hidden by clothing. It is because of this that they are also called senile warts. They look like small bumps of brown or black color. Doctors believe that the appearance of seborrheic warts can be caused by eating large amounts of animal fats, lack of vitamins and high sun exposure. Often, senile warts are not treated.

Precancerous or borderline lesions on the skin

These are peculiar borderline types of formations that can be considered either the initial stages of cancer or over time develop into oncology. They often appear in older people, but there are exceptions.

Xeroderma pigmentosum or simply xeroderma

This is a hereditary disease that results in increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation ( sunlight). The first symptoms appear by the age of three. This is a fairly rare disease. Doctors classify it as a precancerous condition of the skin. This is one of the few precancerous diseases that occurs in young people and not in old people. The active period of the disease occurs in spring and summer due to greater solar activity. In the vast majority of cases, the scalp, face and neck are affected. This occurs because the skin is unable to produce an enzyme that repairs UV damage.

As the name suggests, this disease manifests itself in older people. Often these are rashes no larger than one centimeter in diameter, yellow or drill-brown in color. Over time, they can become covered with various scales, which peel off for natural reasons. At this time, blood may appear on the affected area, but there is nothing to worry about. it becomes malignant if a compaction appears at its base, but this happens extremely rarely.

Paget's disease

This disease is observed mainly in women over forty years of age. Induration and peeling of the skin begin to appear around the nipple. Natural fluid is released. As the disease develops, a crust forms, but the disease itself can take many years to develop. Some oncologists consider Paget's disease to be the initial stage of cancer, but for now official medicine this has not been confirmed, despite the fact that it is also called breast cancer. There are also complications of this disease on bone tissue.

As the name suggests, older people are more susceptible to this disease. A cutaneous horn is a layering of epidermal cells on top of each other in such a way that it looks like a horn, like that of animals, of course not the same size, but there is no aesthetics in it. On this moment There are different data on how often this disease develops into full-fledged cancer. At the first manifestations of this disease, it is better to consult a doctor. The cutaneous horn is quite easily removed surgically.

Malignant formations on the skin

Malignant neoplasms on the skin are full-fledged cancers that metastasize. These are complex diseases that require immediate treatment, as they may well be fatal.

A malignant tumor that most often appears on the skin, less often on the mucous membranes, for example, in the eye, mouth, rectum. Our body reacts very weakly to this disease, which provokes its rapid development, which can lead to death. may develop due to excessive ultraviolet radiation from the sun. People with fair skin and older people. This is the most common form of skin cancer. It can appear in a person after a simple injury to the nevus or its burn. So be careful with moles on your body.

A person’s predisposition to cancer can also be determined by a large number of moles, warts and other benign formations on the skin. Often, if there are more than eight moles on the body, then this is already an “alarm bell.” You need to constantly examine yourself and, no matter how funny it may sound, count the moles on your body. If there are more of them, then it is better to contact a specialist. In addition, you should limit your exposure to the sun in open clothing in the summer. The most dangerous hours for the skin are from 11:00 to 15:00. Of course, it is impossible to say that solar radiation will lead to cancer, but as a preventive measure you need to take care of yourself.

Another name for this disease is squamous cell skin cancer. This tumor occurs on areas of the skin that are most exposed to ultraviolet radiation, such as the face or hands. Its development may also be affected by high temperatures, contact with various chemicals. Most often it occurs in the elderly, but there are cases of this disease in children. The disease occurs in both sexes equally. Basal cell carcinoma is almost painless and does not cause much discomfort to the patient. Because of this, it is often classified as a borderline disease. One of the features of this type of cancer is almost 100% recurrence.

This disease often occurs in people with AIDS and older men. It is expressed in the appearance of lilac spots on the skin of the legs that do not have clear boundaries. Over time, small nodules appear in these places. Very often, neoplasms appear on the upper palate and other mucous membranes. These are lilac lesions up to two centimeters in diameter. People at risk include HIV-infected people, people with organ transplants and men living in the Mediterranean region.
It is worth noting that this disease is multifocal, unlike most types of skin cancer.

Diagnosis of tumors on the body

Diagnosis of all skin diseases, both benign and malignant, primarily lies with the patient himself. Only self-examination and regular visual examination of your body will help identify tumors. Specialists at the hospital will already diagnose this formation and take appropriate measures. You should not self-medicate.
You should also regularly visit a dermatologist and undergo appropriate tests. This is especially true for people who have a lot of moles on their body and too light skin.

Treatment methods for skin diseases

In most cases, benign neoplasms are not treated in any way and are left as is. In cases of malignant skin tumors, surgical intervention is used. The neoplasm and affected areas of skin are excised along with adjacent healthy ones. But this method can cause relapse. In some cases, other treatment methods are used, for example, cryodestruction (tumor freezing).

Laser removal of tumors

Separately, it is worth mentioning laser removal of skin diseases. This is a fairly new method of treating skin lesions and skin oncology, but it has proven itself with the best side. When the tumor is removed, recurrence is much less common than with surgery.

The essence of laser removal is that tumors are exposed to direct and alternating current in limited quantities, which leads to their removal. This is the safest, most reliable and painless treatment method available today.

More than 90% of people on the planet have dark spots, moles and various formations on the skin. The vast majority of these are benign tumors or spots that do not require any treatment at all and do not interfere with the carriers in any way. But it should be remembered that even a simple mole can, under certain conditions, become a cancerous tumor on the skin. You need to carefully monitor all moles on the body, and visually inspect yourself as often as possible to avoid more serious complications in future.

Video story by Anna Sokolova about neoplasms and what to do if they bother you.

Articles on the topic

Benign skin neoplasms are a pathological change in the size and number of cells, which leads to the proliferation of the dermis and the appearance of a skin growth. Pathology that occurs on human skin may have a different structure, but the general mechanism is the rapid proliferation of cells. The ICD-10 code classifies formations of the benign variety as number D10 or D36.

The second name for skin formations is neoplasia, or tumor. Pathology rarely transforms into malignant neoplasms and only as a result of chemical or physical exposure to external factors.

Benign skin formations show distinctive features, by which it is possible to determine their nature. A dermatologist identifies pathology according to the following criteria:

• gradual increase;
• slow development;
• the formation does not grow into nearby tissues and organs;
• the presence of a capsule that pushes apart and puts pressure on neighboring organs.

This pathology does not pose a threat to the patient’s life, but brings significant discomfort, increasing to impressive sizes. Timely removal of an enlarged tumor will eliminate the possibility of tumor metastasis.

Types of skin formations

There are two types of benign formations: congenital and acquired. Warts and moles are considered congenital formations various forms and flowers. Acquired pathologies are recognized as superficial and subcutaneous formations that arise as a result of metabolic dysfunction, decreased immunity and viral diseases.

The classification of congenital and acquired skin diseases is varied. Each type of skin growth exhibits its own shape, color, structural features and signs of occurrence.

Neurofibroma

The cell that forms the nerve sheaths becomes the foundation for the growth of neurofibroma. The formation looks like a tubercle, hard to the touch, reaching three centimeters in diameter.

Neurofibroma can be single or multiple. Multiple formations are called neurofibromatosis and are considered the consequences of a genetic failure that is inherited. Single pathologies rarely transform into malignant tumors, but bring the owner significant discomfort and pain. The skin tubercle is characterized by abundant pigmentation - most often the tumor is brown, red or dark brown. Neurofibroma is located in the subcutaneous tissue of the epidermis.

The disease is characterized by the absence of symptoms at the initial stage of development. Reaching an impressive size, the tumor puts pressure on the nerve endings, and the patient experiences pain. Locations: on the face, on the skin of the back, abdominal cavity, hands, on the leg. The first symptoms of neurofibroma are brown or red spots in various areas of the human body. Neurofibroma can be cured with conservative therapy or surgery.

Fibroma

Connective tissue is the main component of fibroids. The tumor has a dense consistency, is hard to the touch and is characterized by a light pink tint. This neoplasia reaches a maximum of three centimeters and occurs mainly in women who have reached the age of twenty.

There are soft and hard types of fibroma. A hard skin growth forms near the upper layers of the skin. Soft fibroma is a mobile and soft to the touch pouch that appears on the neck, chest, armpits and inguinal folds in women who have reached mature age. It is not uncommon for a black or gray fibroma to appear on the human body, showing a smooth surface. Doctors recommend removing fibromas: there remains a risk of metastasis and transformation of the pathology into fibrosarcoma, even under favorable conditions. Regular physical and chemical damage to the tumor provokes rapid growth and the occurrence of skin cancer.

Fibroids can be cured using traditional surgical removal with a scalpel, laser, electrocoagulation and radio wave method. Laser and radio wave methods exclude further recurrence of the pathology and give favorable prognoses.

Lipoma

A neoplasm formed from fatty tissue and localized in the layer of connective tissue is called lipoma or wen. Reaching large sizes, the lipoma grows into nearby tissues and reaches the bone surface. Often the tumor spreads to neighboring muscles and blood vessels. The lipoma is round in shape and soft to the touch. The human body can be affected by both single and multiple wen. They appear in any part of the body where there is a fat layer, which is a favorable environment for the development of this skin disease. Locations can be different: wen affects the face, neck, back, upper and lower extremities, head, eyelids and mouth.

The occurrence of the disease does not depend on gender predisposition, body weight or heredity. Pathology appears in men and women, in children. Fatty tissues do not pose a particular danger to human life, but sometimes transformation into liposarcoma is noted. To avoid unwanted transformation, doctors recommend removing the tumor in the early stages of development. This tactic will also help avoid cosmetic defect at the site of the operation. Methods for treating and removing the wen include surgery using a scalpel, laser method, radio wave and puncture-aspiration principles of pathology elimination.

Atheroma

Blockage of the ducts of the sebaceous glands provokes the appearance of a residual cyst - atheroma. This tumor consists of products produced by the sebaceous glands, present in the form of a curd mass that has no odor. On palpation, a dense consistency and clear contours of the pathology are noted.

There are single and multiple atheromas. The phenomenon of multiple atheromas is called atheromatosis. Superficial atheromas predominantly occur, the localization of which can be different: on the back, head, neck, face, in the thigh, groin, lower and upper extremities of a person. The occurrence factors include non-compliance with hygiene rules, injuries to the hair follicles, metabolic diseases and unprofessional depilation.

With regular physical and chemical exposure, atheroma turns into an inflammatory and edematous state and acquires a red tint. If an infection gets inside the tumor cavity, pus accumulates and spontaneously erupts with a sebaceous consistency.

Dermatologists and oncologists advise removing atheroma that has reached a small size, since there is a risk of transforming the pathology into liposarcoma. The malignant version of atheroma is characterized by rapid growth, compression of surrounding vessels, nerve endings and nearby tissues. Liposarcoma poses a danger to human life, as it provokes anemia, vascular blockage, intoxication syndrome and metastasis to the internal organs of a person.

Lymphangioma

This type of tumor is congenital and occurs as a result of pathological changes in the lymphatic vessels. In rare cases, the pathology is acquired. A congenital neoplasm is formed as a result of dysfunction of the outflows of lymphatic vessels, which provokes changes in the structure of the vessel lining and the appearance of a tumor-like growth. The acquired form of the disease appears as a result of infectious lesions of the human skin.

The pathology looks like a blue growth rising above the skin. On palpation, a dense consistency and clear boundaries of the pathology are noted. Sizes vary from one to five millimeters. Children under three years of age are at risk of developing this condition. During the development process, there is a slow growth of the formation with spasmodic periods when the growth rapidly increases in size.

When lymphangioma occurs, only surgical intervention is used, since the growth often puts pressure on such vital organs as the larynx, lungs, and trachea. Modern methods elimination of the neoplasm are sclerotic injections into the cavity of the growth, cauterization using diathermocoagulation, electrocoagulation and freezing of the growth using cryodestruction.

Wart and papilloma

Infectious infection of the skin and mucous membranes provokes the appearance of the papilloma virus, which manifests itself in the form of warts on various areas of the human body. The growth has distinctive features: multiple and single nodules of various forms of brown, flesh-colored or light pink color, reaching several centimeters in diameter.

Skin growths have different habitats: on the face, neck, groin area, genitals, on the back and abdominal cavity of a person. Localization of papillomas in the area of ​​internal organs was recorded. Warts and papillomas appear as a result of nervous tension, frequent stress, autonomic disorders and decreased immunity. The skin disease is transmitted through sexual contact and through the general use of hygiene products such as washcloths, towels, and hair removal products.

Warts rarely metastasize into cancer and do not pose a threat to human health.

Getting rid of papilloma involves complex therapy, which includes strengthening the immune system, maintaining proper nutrition, introducing physical activity, taking medications and removal of skin tags in case of pain or discomfort. Papilloma can be eliminated using laser coagulation, freezing using cryodestruction and electrocoagulation.

Nevus and mole

This neoplasm manifests itself in the form of excessive pigmentation on the skin. Shape, size and color are varied. A nevus can reach several tens of centimeters in diameter. The accumulation of nevus pigment cells can be congenital or acquired. There are also benign and malignant pigment spots. The first category is characterized by symmetrical, clear shapes, the same color shade and dimensions reaching five to six millimeters. Metastatic skin pathologies have uneven and asymmetrical edges, a multi-colored pigmented surface and dimensions of more than six millimeters.

Factors that provoke the occurrence of congenital pigmentation include the influence of toxic compounds and electromagnetic radiation on the fetus in the womb, diseases of the internal organs of the lower pelvis, genetic predisposition and the occurrence of pathologies during pregnancy. The appearance of acquired moles is influenced by hormonal imbalance in adolescence, mechanical damage to the skin, oral contraceptives, harmful ultraviolet radiation and infectious diseases of the skin. A large number of nevi are observed in men and women who have reached the age of twenty-five.

Hemangioma

The described type of skin tumor affects the walls of blood vessels and forms in the subcutaneous layer of the body. Hemangioma rises above the surface of the skin and is not subject to pigmentation. The pathology is characterized by rapid spontaneous growth and a decrease in volume when pressed. Mostly the pathology occurs in children during the first years of life. The places where hemangioma occurs can vary, but it mainly appears in the head and neck area. Cases of hemangioma of internal organs have been recorded. There are a number of types of skin pathologies:

• With cavernous hemangioma, there is a deep location of the pathology in the skin layers of the human body. The formation has the shape of a node and a blue tint. Diagnosed immediately after the birth of the child.
• With capillary hemangioma, the occurrence of pathological changes in the epithelial layer has been recorded, covering large areas of the skin and having a red or blue color.
• With combined pathology, the simultaneous appearance of cavernous and capillary hemangioma is observed.
• The mixed form of skin disease involves the process of involvement of the vascular membranes and connective tissues.

The disease appears as a result of hormonal characteristics of the fetus, infectious diseases of a pregnant woman in the early stages and intake medicines while carrying a child.

Inflammatory processes of hemangioma cause complications such as open bleeding, which can only be restored through surgery. When localized near a vital organ and rapidly increasing in size, the tumor can interfere with the functioning of nearby organs and tissues and, thereby, worsen the patient’s quality of life. To remove this skin defect, a sclerosing method is used, which causes necrosis of the hemangioma, cryodisruption, coagulation and traditional surgery.

Keratoma

The basis of this skin tumor is keratinocytes, which form the stratum corneum of the skin. Dead cells transform into a growth, which is a spot or nodule covered with a crust. Keratoma has different locations and most often occurs on the back, head, face, lower and upper extremities. This type of skin pathology requires urgent treatment, since the keratinized cells that form the keratoma are similar to the cells of malignant tumors.

Single and multiple keratomas are distinguished. The second type of pathology occurs extremely rarely and there is a maximum of three skin nodes. The formation of multiple neoplasms in one area of ​​the body indicates the risk of developing skin cancer. The causes of formation include pathological changes in cell functioning, hormonal imbalance, harmful ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition and vitamin deficiency. The following types of keratomas are defined:

• With solar neoplasm, the formation of flaky spots reaching several centimeters in diameter is observed. The growth does not cause discomfort or pain to the patient. Common places for tumor localization: hand, foot, face and torso.
• A horny neoplasm forms as a light brown or gray spot protruding above a person’s skin. The growth protrudes significantly above the surface of the skin and peels off profusely. Common sites of occurrence include the eyelids, forehead, lips, cheeks, nose and mucous membranes.

• With senile keratoma, dense light brown spots appear, reaching several centimeters in diameter. As the build-up develops, multiple layers are formed that gradually crack. This type of keratoma grows slowly and is localized mainly in the head, back, chest and in parts of the body rich in hair.
• Follicular formation is light pink and flesh-colored nodules, reaching two centimeters in diameter. The surface of the keratoma is covered with tubercles and rises above the skin of the body. Mostly this tumor appears on the lower extremities, lips, cheeks, nasolabial folds and palms.

If the neoplasm does not pose a risk of becoming a cancerous tumor and does not reach large sizes, doctors recommend using medication and unconventional methods treatment. At the slightest suspicion that a skin growth has transformed into a cancerous tumor, experts recommend tumor removal. Keratoma can be eliminated using cryodestruction, radio wave method, laser, electrocoagulation and traditional surgery.

Dermatofibroma

This type of neoplasm occurs as a result of capillary changes and consists of connective tissue. The tumor is characterized by a lack of pain and slow development. The formation is a rounded, deep-lying node protruding several millimeters above the surface of the skin. Mostly the growth occurs in young women who have reached the age of thirty.

Do benign tumors hide danger?

A benign neoplasm can transform into cancer. Diagnosis, study and prevention are dealt with by the medical science of dermatovenereology and the danger can only be determined by a dermatologist or oncologist.

If the formation poses a threat to life, the doctor prescribes radical removal. Further therapeutic treatment or complete removal is determined by benign and malignant signs of the pathology. Scientists have proven that congenital moles and nevi pose the greatest danger, so dermatologists recommend removing neoplasms without delay. Skin pathological changes often cause discomfort and pain, which becomes an additional reason for eliminating the tumor.

Skin neoplasms are the result of intensive division of epidermal cells and, by their nature, can be benign or malignant, capable of developing into skin cancer.
Moles, papillomas, nevi and many other skin growths are present on the skin of the vast majority of people.

Some growths do not pose a threat to health, but there are also those that, under the influence of negative factors, change and develop into malignant tumors. In order not to miss the moment when a harmless mole begins to transform into skin cancer, it is necessary to independently monitor the condition of all skin growths and regularly undergo medical examination.

Types of growths on the skin

All neoplasms developing from skin cells are classified into:

1. Benign, not posing a serious threat, but capable of causing physical and mental discomfort if extensively localized or located on areas of the body not covered by clothing.

2. Malignant, which is essentially a cancerous tumor. These growths quickly grow, affect the deep layers of the dermis and spread metastases throughout the body.

3. Borderline, potentially capable of transforming into a malignant form.

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Let's look at the features of these skin growths in more detail.

Benign:

It is formed during blockage of the sebaceous gland and has the appearance of a compacted “ball” rising above the skin, which does not cause discomfort. Atheromas can form on any part of the body, including in the genital area; the neoplasm can be either single or multiple. In case of suppuration and inflammation, atheroma can be removed by surgical excision or laser.

If the functioning of the ducts of the sebaceous glands is seriously impaired, then without special treatment of the underlying problem, they will be re-clogged and, as a result, atheromas will appear again and again, usually in the same place.

A vascular neoplasm that can be localized in both the upper and deep layers of the skin, as well as internal organs, and affect the vascular network. It has a burgundy or bluish-black tint and can reach large sizes. Treatment involves laser removal of hemangiomas, sclerotherapy or surgery.

Hemangiomas most often occur on the body, but can sometimes develop on the scalp, face, neck, upper and lower extremities. The neoplasm itself is not dangerous, but it is very easy to injure. Injuries to hemangiomas are accompanied by heavy bleeding.

This type of tumor develops on the vessels of the lymphatic system and is characterized by slow growth. The disease occurs during intrauterine development of the fetus. Under the influence of unfavorable factors, the tumor, as a rule, significantly increases in size, which becomes an indication for its surgical removal.

Lymphangioma primarily affects children and is easily diagnosed during the first year of a child’s life. The tumor itself is not dangerous, but its tendency to spontaneous and almost instantaneous growth can be harmful internal organs child and even threaten his life.

A lipoma or wen is a benign tumor that develops under the skin from adipose tissue cells. The neoplasm can occur on almost any part of the body where, one way or another, subcutaneous fat is present. The neoplasm is felt under the skin as a small movable compaction; the tumor is absolutely painless.

5. Papillomas and warts

Warts and papillomas are benign neoplasms that develop from epithelial tissue. They have a similar viral origin, but different places of formation and development. The cause of the appearance of papillomas and warts is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is very common in the world.

Nevi and moles are formed from melanocytes - cells containing the main coloring pigment of the body. As a rule, most of these tumors are not dangerous to health. However, their size and location can create some discomfort, especially if they are located on the face or open parts of the body.

Fibroma is a benign neoplasm that develops from connective tissue cells. The tumor has the appearance of spherical nodules protruding above the skin with a smooth or warty surface. The color of fibroids can be bluish-black, gray, or brown. More detailed information information on fibroids can be found in the article "Skin fibroids. Description, symptoms, consequences. Laser removal."

The tumor grows slowly, usually without causing much discomfort to the patient. Often, fibroma does not pose a threat to life, but when exposed to unfavorable external factors, as well as various carcinogens, it can develop into a malignant form - fibrosarcoma. The safest and most effective method of removing fibroids is laser therapy.

Neurofibroma is a benign neoplasm that develops from nerve cells. Most often, the tumor is located under the skin, in the area of ​​subcutaneous fat. However, in some cases, it can also affect soft tissues, as well as the roots of the spinal cord.

The neoplasm has the appearance of a dense tubercle with a pigmented surface. It can take on multiple forms and in this case requires treatment with medication or surgery.

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