29 October 2003, 09:06

Cosmetologist-valeologist Svetlana Viktorovna Kolosova answers questions about how to care for dry skin.

“What does dry skin look like and is it possible to correctly determine your skin type yourself?”
Marina Mikhailova, Michurinsk

Home daily remedies should be combined with professional salon treatments and beauty massage. It is advisable to carry them out twice a year. Then maintain the achieved effect of one preventive salon procedure at three weeks.

"Is tap water harmful to dry skin?"
Ksenia Isaykina, Moscow region.

— Dry sensitive skin is afraid of chlorinated tap water. To wash your face, use filtered water or mineral water. A wonderful old recipe for water for washing: two thirds clean water and one third of boiled milk. If you do wash your face with tap water, then wipe your face with a non-alcoholic toner. Otherwise, the remaining salts contained in tap water will dry out the skin.

"How to protect dry skin from external influences in summer?"
Kristina Aranyan, St. Petersburg

— In the warm season, dry skin suffers less. Painful sensitivity is more common in winter. The heat promotes the secretion of oil and sweat, which partially protect the face. Although the skin still lacks moisture and oil. And if on cold days dry skin needs a constant layer of fat, then in summer the emphasis of care should be aimed at hydration.

When going outside, apply “protection”. Use the principle of two-layer protection: apply a protective cream to the hydro product or greasy cream. The solar factor figure indicated on protective cream, should be high enough. For example, if your skin turns red 30 minutes after being in the sun, and the protective factor of your cream is 5, then when using the cream you can be in the sun 5 times longer without pain, that is, 150 minutes. This, you see, is not enough. At recent world exhibitions, protection creams are demonstrated that are both moisturizing and at the same time, with a protection factor of 30 and 40, and the SELVERT THERMAL company offered a cream with a factor of 50.

In summer, air conditioners dry out your skin just as much as the sun. They withstand walks in rain and fog quite well. The smallest particles of moisture penetrate the stratum corneum and gently activate blood supply. It is worth “improving” the indoor air with room humidifiers. Ornamental plants also partially help to cope with this problem. But still, the most effective modern remedy is thermal water sprays. The face should be pollinated at a distance of 25 cm. The more often the better.

“Is it possible to choose medications for dry skin without the help of a cosmetologist?”
Ariadna Antonova, Krasnoyarsk region

— Spring and summer — perfect time for choosing cosmetics. New products should not be tried on yourself in winter, when the skin already feels difficult due to cold and low humidity.

“My skin began to peel after I lost weight for a month using laxatives. Is this a coincidence?”
Oksana Raikina, Kyiv

- No. Women with dry skin should avoid anything that robs the body of moisture. Both externally and internally. All laxatives and diuretics, even seemingly harmless teas, are means of dehydration. When they are used for a long time, healing mineral substances leave the cells along with moisture.

"Are masks a quick fix for dry skin?"
Antonina Nikolaeva, Bryansk

— I would classify creams containing panthenol as accelerated-acting drugs. They are used as a night cream for severe flaking of dry skin. Irritations are quickly relieved by chamomile or linden blossom lotions, as well as oil compresses. To make a compress, you need to warm two or three tablespoons of vegetable oil in a water bath, make a mask out of cotton fabric, cutting holes for the eyes and nose. Place the oil-soaked cloth on your face for about twenty minutes.

Masks should be applied regularly, once every three days, for 15 minutes. Of the ready-made masks, I would recommend the “Grandma’s Pharmacy” series. It contains wonderful masks for sensitive dry skin: a moisturizing tomato mask and a rejuvenating mask with oats and carrots. It is advisable to wash off the masks with contrasting water. This hydrogymnastics is excellent for dry skin. Dehydrated skin will improve cucumber mask; mask of cottage cheese, yolk and olive oil; banana with milk.

“Is it worth using foundation in the warm season?”
Regina Smirnova, Sumy

— Foundations in summer it should be used only when necessary, as a decorative or corrective product. Dehydrated skin will be improved by a cucumber mask or a banana mask with milk.

Dry facial skin is a problematic type, as it is prone to frequent inflammation and premature aging. The sebaceous glands do not produce enough lipids, which causes frequent drying and flaking. Dry skin is vulnerable to external irritants and therefore requires special care.

You might be interested to immediately read:

How to make sure that your skin is dry?

In order for home care to be effective and useful, it is necessary to accurately determine the type of skin.

You can find out this yourself using a few simple tests:

• With strong finger pressure on the skin surface, with a dry type, a reddened imprint remains on the face for a long time. To make sure, repeat the pressure on several areas of the face. Dry skin will show marks all over;
• touch the clean mirror to your face. If there is no greasy mark left on the mirror surface, then your skin type is dry;
• take an ear stick and draw a line from the center of your face to your chin. A perpendicular mark will remain on dry skin.

Main causes of dryness

1. genetic factor - if your mother or grandmother suffers from dry facial skin, then it is likely that this feature will be hereditary;
2. dermatological diseases, as a result of which the secretory function of the sebaceous glands is disrupted;
3. poor nutrition, which causes a deficiency of vitamins A and C;
4. polluted environment;
5. excessive love of tanning and solariums;
6. use of chemical-based decorative cosmetics;
7. serious skin diseases: psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis;
8. age factor;
9. pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
10. nervous system disorders;
11. abuse of deep cleansing and peeling products;
12. frequent washing under hot water.

General rules of care

Taking care of dry epidermis involves avoiding cosmetics that contain surfactants. Their use entails aggravation of the disruption of fat production in the sebaceous glands. These products dry out the skin surface even more. It is recommended to give preference to specialized cosmetics: soft creams for removing makeup, facial milk with a concentration of saturated fats, hydrophilic cleansers.

Petroleum products have been found in most types of decorative cosmetics. These components are harmful to any skin, especially dry and sensitive, as they form a film on the face that does not allow the tissues to “breathe.”

To care for dry skin, cosmetologists advise choosing delicate cosmetics that do not cause irritation. It is allowed to use scrubs with jojoba granules. It is necessary to exclude film masks containing fruit acids. They stretch the skin surface and reduce its protective barrier.

Effective protection of the epidermis and restoration of lipid metabolism is carried out using cosmetics containing ceramides and free fatty acids.

You can act on dry facial skin without any cosmetics. Foggy weather comes to the rescue here. Air saturated with tiny particles of water is enough effective remedy additional hydration. True, in our latitudes, foggy weather is quite rare, so use thermal water more often, especially in the hot summer.

Diet has a direct effect on the skin. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a balanced diet rich in vitamins A, D, F, E.

Dry skin types do not like saunas and steam rooms. In such an environment, the epidermis is depleted, as it is not protected by a sufficient amount of lipids. Swimming in pools where the water is overly chlorinated will also not be beneficial.

Caring for dry skin in winter requires special attention. After a long stay in strong winds or frost, you need to make a nourishing mask or apply a lipid cream.

Basic cosmetics that will be required for daily care:

1. makeup remover milk;
2. gels for sensitive skin;
3. tonics that do not contain alcohol;
4. collagen creams;
5. day cream - is a necessary base for makeup;
6. night cream;
7. nourishing and toning masks.

Step 1 – cleansing

Dry skin types need deep cleansing. At the same time, you should avoid using regular soap, which further dries out the skin surface.

Yogurt and kefir are used as light peeling. These products also restore the lipid barrier.

Facial cleansing should be done several times a day. The best option is to carry out procedures in the morning and evening. Clean skin absorbs beneficial substances from creams and masks more effectively.

Micellar water and tonics are also used for cleansing. You can use both professional and self-prepared cosmetics. A decoction of the following herbs is used as a home tonic: sage, mint, St. John's wort.

Step 2 - nutrition

Taking care of your facial skin at home involves the use of nourishing and moisturizing products. However, their use must be dosed, otherwise you risk causing moisture retention in the tissues, which leads to the appearance of wrinkles.

If, after applying the cream, after an hour, the skin dries out and requires “additives,” then most likely you are using low-quality cosmetics that do not contain a sufficient amount of useful substances.

When choosing a cream, pay attention to its composition. The main components of quality products: amino acids, ceramides, fatty acids, lactic acid, triglycerides.

In order to bring the sebaceous glands back to normal, vitaminized and biologically active creams are used. If the skin begins to turn red and peeling appears, you should pay attention to decorative cosmetics, which contains vitamin A.

Step 3 - protection

Dry skin types do not tolerate low temperatures, so before you leave the house, you need to protect it with creams. By neglecting these recommendations, you risk causing inflammation of the skin, resulting in peeling.

An excellent winter care option is to prepare moisturizing masks:

Egg mask: mix 2 eggs and a spoonful of honey, melt the ingredients in a water bath, apply the mask in three layers with a cotton swab. After complete drying, wash off.

Curd mask: Mix three tablespoons of cottage cheese with a spoon of honey, add heavy cream. Apply the resulting mixture to the face and neck in a minimal layer. After 15 minutes, remove the mask with a napkin and wash with warm water.

Apple mask: Mix the grated apple with two tablespoons of sour cream. Keep for about 20 minutes.

Treatment methods for dry skin

Too dry epidermis, according to cosmetologists, is a skin disease. To treat it you will need professional nutrition. Home care is only an addition to basic treatment. Effective procedures.

Dry skin of the face and body can bring a lot of inconvenience to its owners - peeling and itching, a feeling of tightness. These are all symptoms that may indicate that you have dry skin and need to urgently start caring for it accordingly.

Dry skin is not a problem at all In terms of rashes or acne, the skin looks matte and soft. But because inability to retain moisture, it is very sensitive to environmental influences, therefore it requires attention - proper cleansing, protection, moisturizing.

Sudden decreased functioning of the sebaceous glands(as a result the skin becomes dry) may occur due to metabolic disorders, hormonal changes, lack of vitamins, etc. In any case, there are reliable ways to deal with such skin and make it beautiful and radiant. Let's dive into some simple dry skin care tips!

Air conditioners and heaters dry out the indoor air too much. Connect a special air humidifier at home or simply install a bowl of water near the battery or heater.

Such a vessel can be beautifully decorated with fresh or artificial flowers. It will be both good for the skin and beautiful!

Forget about these cleansers:

Soap, alcohol and products containing fragrances, are contraindicated for dry facial skin. Gel, foam or milk should be hypoallergenic and very soft. Look at the composition!

Only warm

Cold and hot water dry out the skin! Therefore, wash only warm. The same goes for showering - after all, your skin type usually extends to the rest of your body.

If you want to avoid the feeling of skin tightness throughout your body, do not get carried away with a boiling shower - in general you should spend no more than 10 minutes in water, and then be sure to rinse the skin with flower water or herbal decoction to even out the PH of the skin after tap water.

Do not use tap water!

If possible, try to wash your face only with soft water; tap water usually dries the skin too much and can cause irritation. Use mineral water or herbal infusions to wash your face.

Dry facial skin may be a consequence of excessive exposure to chemicals

Washing powders, detergents and air fresheners - all household chemicals can make our skin dry, especially if you often use these products without gloves.

As for the face, in this case chemistry can be called any cosmetics, both skincare and decorative, that contains toxic artificial preservatives (nipazole and paraform, etc.) are all mass-market cosmetics.

Oils to the rescue!

You can even use baby oils to care for dry skin - do a gentle facial and body massage with them every day. Natural products also moisturize and nourish the skin well. vegetable oils.

Cocoa, shea butter, avocado, coconut, macadamia, sasanqua, apricot, jojoba, evening primrose, black cumin, and wheat germ oils are ideal for dry skin. Use these oils as a base, to which you can add a few drops of essential oil (2-3 drops per 30-50 ml). For thin dry skin Sandalwood, rose, neroli, carrot, jasmine, adana, ylang-ylang oils are suitable.

ATTENTION: Just don't apply it under any circumstances. essential oils directly on the skin - their concentration is too strong and can cause dryness and irritation.

Read the labels!

Preferred Ingredients for Dry Skin:

1. Ceramides. (Helps skin retain water and soothe dry skin. Synthetic ceramides can mimic natural substances in the top layer of skin that help retain moisture).
2. D-panthenol and squalene.
3. Hyaluronic acid.
4. Aloe vera.

All these components help retain moisture in the skin.

Eat and drink

To keep dry skin looking better and not dry out, drink more water and include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids(fatty fish, nuts, flaxseed and safflower oil).

As well as products containing essential for the skin vitamins A(liver, apricots, carrots, pumpkin, spinach and parsley), IN(dairy products, fish, brown rice, grain bread, melon, green apples and cabbage), E(seeds and nuts, cucumbers, broccoli, radishes, potatoes), F(fish, corn, vegetable oils, grains, black currants).

Moisturizing cream

After washing and cleansing your face (and body), you should apply a moisturizer specifically for dry skin. Apply it to damp skin - it will work much better this way!

If you regularly moisturize and nourish your skin, and at the same time eat right, then no peeling will occur. But if this problem nevertheless overtakes you, it is better to consult a dermatologist.

To eliminate flaking, creams based on a fatty base, for example natural oil, are suitable - it creates a waterproof barrier between the skin and the air so that moisture does not evaporate from the skin.

ADVICE: In extreme cases, you can use a cream with a small (0.5%) content hydrocortisone- but remember that this is not cosmetic, but remedy, they need to grease their face 1 per day for 2 weeks, not more.

Makeup removers

Before cleansing your pores, you need to wash off your makeup every evening, and in case of dry skin, it is better to do this with hydrophilic oil. It gently removes all makeup (even eye and BB cream) and does not dry out the skin.

Hydrophilic oil you can buy and you can do it yourself to ensure there are no preservatives.

To do this you need to mix the following ingredients:

• Polysorbate 80 (10%).
• Rice bran oil (20%).
• Peach oil (40%).
• Sweet almond oil (30%).
• 2 drops tea tree essential oil.

PREPARATION: Pour the components in the above sequence and mix thoroughly, stirring until a homogeneous buttery white milk is formed. It is recommended to apply with dry hands to a dry face to remove makeup, and then rinse with water. The skin is then ready for a deeper cleansing of the pores.

Don't get carried away with scrubs!

Dry skin does not tolerate mechanical influence - therefore, you need to choose only gentle scrubs, with small grains, and you also need to clean them for no more than a minute - this is enough to remove the upper stratum corneum. Scrub is recommended to use no more than 1-2 times a week.

Masks for dry skin

MOISTURIZING MASK

• 1 tbsp. spoon aloe vera gel
• 1 mashed avocado
• 1 tbsp. spoon of cottage cheese

APPLICATION: Grind the avocado in a blender or mash in a mortar until creamy. Add curd and aloe vera gel. If you don’t have a ready-made gel, you can replace it with fresh aloe juice. Mix all ingredients and apply evenly to face for 20 minutes. Then carefully rinse with warm water.

NOURISHING MASK

• 1 tsp. olive oil
• 1. tsp. liquid honey
• 1 yolk

APPLICATION: Mix the components and apply with a cotton swab to the face in several layers (2-3). Leave for 20 minutes and rinse with warm water. If you use the mask 1-2 times a week, it will eliminate skin flaking and tightness.

Features in cold and heat

In the hot season, dry skin should be better protected from ultraviolet radiation, as we know it is thinner, so the product must be selected accordingly, stronger. When it's hot use thermal water to moisturize your face.

Dry air and lower temperatures in winter reduce our skin's production of lipids, which are supposed to form a protective film and retain moisture. This is why in winter, skin of any type becomes drier, not to mention skin that is initially prone to dryness.

ADVICE: In winter it is advisable to apply under makeup thick fatty creams, which would protect the skin from drying out in the cold.

Natural cosmetics for dry skin

Dry skin, like no other, requires careful treatment. Therefore, in order not to harm it, choose natural cosmetics.

Most of the products, some of which we described above, can be made independently at home from ingredients purchased at the pharmacy and at the market. If you do not want to waste time on such experiments, then you will have to buy cosmetics that are more expensive than those presented in the mass market.

IMPORTANT! The base should contain the above ingredients: urea, hyaluronic acid, plant extracts, natural plant and essential oils. Such cosmetics can be sold in pharmacies or in specialized online and offline stores.

Dry skin causes beauties a lot of trouble. She is prone to redness, irritation, itching and flaking. But the most important problem is early aging. What to do at home with dry skin to make it soft and smooth? How to properly care? The best folk recipes and advice on choosing cosmetics.

In adolescence, girls rarely pay attention to dry face. Moreover, this is considered an advantage, because the skin does not become shiny or covered with acne, like its peers. But after 30 years, when the sebaceous glands begin to work even less actively, a lot of problems appear. For example, expression wrinkles, which are formed due to lack of hydration. Proper and regular care will help delay age-related changes and eliminate discomfort.

Why does peeling occur?

Peeling, dryness, tightness are the result of weak activity of the sebaceous glands. This failure in external secretion may be explained by the following reasons:

• hormonal problems;
• age-related changes;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• frequent stress;
• lack of vitamins A, E and C, as well as other nutrients;
• prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or frosty air;
• washing with hot water;
• insufficient fluid intake;
• taking antibiotics;
• skin diseases;
• prolonged stay in a room where the air conditioner or heater is operating;
• wrong choice of cosmetics.

Bad habits are one of the most common causes of dry skin. Alcohol and nicotine literally dry out tissues. Also, problems may arise for lovers of too strong coffee and black tea.

What to do at home with dry skin

Dry facial skin requires careful and careful care. You need to start acting at a young age to avoid the appearance of early wrinkles. IN home care You can use not only cosmetics, but also proven folk recipes.

It is important to properly care for dry skin at home. This will bring not only a cosmetic effect, but will also help regulate the functioning of the glands. Remember five basic rules.

1. Washing. Evening only. During the night, the skin becomes covered with a small amount of fat, which softens the epidermis and provides protection. There is no need to wash it off: in the morning, just rinse your face with water and gently pat dry.
2. The right water. Hard chlorinated water can cause dryness and flaking. It must first be boiled, settled or passed through a filter.
3. Correct temperature. The best option for cleansing dry skin is water at room temperature.
4. Hydration. Apply morning and evening nutritious cream, appropriate for age and skin type. Make moisturizing masks twice a week. If you use lotion, make sure it does not contain alcohol.
5. Healthy eating. Your diet should include plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as dairy products. Take multivitamins and fish oil periodically.

The skin needs to be moisturized not only from the outside, but also from the inside. A woman needs to drink at least one and a half liters of clean water daily. If you play sports or your work involves physical activity, the recommended amount of fluid increases by one and a half times.

Grandma's recipe table

Treatment for dry facial skin at home is often carried out using traditional methods. Proven recipes saved our grandmothers and great-grandmothers when the cosmetic industry was not yet developed as it is now. In addition, natural ingredients are always better than any synthetic substances.

Table - Recipes for homemade masks for dry skin

Mask	Components	Procedure time
Mustard	- A teaspoon of mustard powder; - a tablespoon of vegetable oil; - a little water (if necessary)	15 minutes
From aloe	- A tablespoon of aloe juice; - half a grated apple; - egg yolk	Two minutes
Curd	- A tablespoon of grated cottage cheese; - a teaspoon of liquid, warm honey	15 minutes
Smetannaya	- A bunch of chopped dill; - a bunch of chopped parsley; - two to three tablespoons of sour cream	20 minutes
Herbal	- Strained infusion from a mixture of hops, blackberry and strawberry leaves, chamomile, yarrow (a total of a tablespoon of crushed leaves, poured with 200 ml of boiling water); - a tablespoon of apple cider vinegar; - a teaspoon of honey; - egg yolk	15 minutes
Oatmeal	- A tablespoon of oatmeal; - four tablespoons of hot milk	15 minutes
Cucumber	- One grated cucumber; - a tablespoon of cream; - four drops of lemon juice	20 minutes
Raspberry	- Half a glass of raspberries (need to be rubbed through a sieve); - egg yolk; - three almonds crushed in a coffee grinder; - a teaspoon of honey	Half an hour

Always do an allergy test before applying a mask. To identify sensitivity to a particular component, apply a small amount of the product to the crook of your elbow or wrist. After ten minutes, evaluate your skin reaction. If the mask does not cause redness or itching, you can safely use it.

The best herbal oils for dry skin

Among home remedies for dry skin care, not the least cosmetic oils. Here are the most effective ones.

Oils instead of cream: pros and cons

It's not easy to find the right cream for dry skin. Even expensive cosmetics do not guarantee deep hydration and nutrition. That is why vegetable oils are increasingly being used instead of cream. And this approach is quite acceptable in a number of cases.

• For night care. Oil will be an excellent alternative to rich cream. After it, the skin looks much fresher.
• Makeup remover. The oily texture allows you to quickly and efficiently remove makeup. In addition, the skin is additionally moisturized.
• For guard . The oil forms a thin film on the skin that protects the face from frost, sun and external pollution.

Despite all the advantages, there is an important limitation. No vegetable oils can be used on an ongoing basis, because they cannot completely replace high-quality cream. Especially after 50 years, when the skin needs intensive and deep care. In addition, over time, oil particles will begin to clog pores, making it difficult for oxygen and nutrients to reach.

Rules for choosing cosmetics

Care products for dry skin should be chosen especially carefully. The cosmetics industry uses a lot harmful substances, and therefore you need to be vigilant when purchasing.

What should be included

In order not to get confused at the sight of bright jars and tubes, or to be deceived when reading the manufacturer’s promises, you need to be able to analyze the composition of cosmetics. Feedback from customers and experts allows us to highlight components that should not be feared.

• Glycerin. Attracts moisture to the surface of the skin, soothes irritations.
• Natural oils. They saturate the epidermis with vitamins, eliminate flaking, and fight rashes.
• Dextran. Eliminates swelling. Widely used in medical practice.
• Vitamin E. Removes toxins.
• Plant extracts. Improves skin color and functionality.
• Betaine. Deeply moisturizes and soothes the dermis.
• Lipids. Maintains the integrity of the skin and enhances its protective functions.
• Allantoin. A natural component with a mild exfoliating effect. Prevents pore clogging.
• "Good" cetyl alcohol. Softens tissues and accelerates recovery processes.
• Emollients. They make tissues more flexible and heal damage.

Glycerin attracts moisture to the surface of the skin. But if the air in the room is dry, resources will be drawn from the deep layers of the dermis. This can lead to even more serious problems than the initial dryness. Glycerin-based products should be used in the room where the humidifier is located, or in the bathroom.

What should not be included

It is difficult to find a cream for dry skin that contains only safe components. Manufacturers add aggressive substances to cosmetics, which, although they provide a cosmetic effect, can lead to serious structural changes in tissues.

• Mineral oil. Designed to retain moisture in the skin. But this is a petroleum product, and therefore it is not recommended to use it constantly.
• Phthalates. Simply put, fragrances that simultaneously prevent the evaporation of moisture from the skin. These substances tend to accumulate in the body. The consequences are difficult to predict.
• Silicone. Prevents the evaporation of moisture from fabrics and makes their texture more even. But this effect is achieved due to the formation of an impermeable film, which impedes cellular respiration and promotes the proliferation of bacteria.
• Propylene glycol. Its action is similar to glycerin. It is used in medicine and even the food industry. But since 2001, the substance has been banned in many countries, since some studies have confirmed its toxicity and allergenic properties.
• Formaldehyde. A dangerous preservative that can cause severe allergies and cancer.
• Ethylene glycol. Retains moisture in fabrics. But considering that this component is used in the manufacture of antifreeze, brake fluid, printing ink, detergents and photographic developer, there are doubts that it will be beneficial for the skin.
• Parabens. Preservatives, which, unfortunately, are present in almost all products. They have a detrimental effect on the endocrine system and can cause skin rashes. Make sure that these components are at the very end of the list.
• Alcohol . Contraindicated not only for dry skin, but also for all other types. May cause disruption of the glands.

Without special knowledge, it is difficult to understand the puzzle of components. To make the selection process easier, use special online services for analyzing the composition of cosmetics. Before you buy a product, take a photo of the composition information or copy it from the manufacturer’s official page. And then check carefully for safety.

Seasonal care

Don't think that the hardest part is figuring out what to do with oily skin faces. Dry epidermis causes no less problems. Such skin is very picky about external conditions, and therefore different time appropriate care is required.

Caring for dry skin in summer is much easier than in cold weather. Heat air provokes the activity of the glands, and therefore they begin to produce more fat. You can maintain normal skin condition by following five rules.

Sun protection is the main rule of summer care. After 40 years, the skin reacts especially painfully to aggressive rays. To prevent the appearance of wrinkles and age spots, you need to use cosmetics with UV filters. Choose products marked SPF 15 or higher.

Caring for dry facial skin is a daily painstaking work. And the sooner you start paying attention to your face, the sooner you will achieve results. Within a few weeks you will notice that your skin has completely transformed. It will look fresh and pleasant to the touch.

Depending on the age of a person, the state of his nervous system and the nature of his diet, the fat content in the skin may change, and it becomes dry. It loses its elasticity, becomes rough, its pattern is expressed more clearly and cracks appear on the surface.

Signs

Dry skin can be distinguished by the following signs:

• V at a young age the skin is elastic, smooth, matte, without wrinkles;
• in the absence of proper care, it quickly fades, becomes rough, peels and loses elasticity;
• with age it becomes like parchment;
• fine wrinkles quickly form on the sides of the cheeks, under the chin, in the décolleté and around the eyes;
• after washing, the skin becomes tight;
• it peels off quickly, is easily irritated and becomes covered with red spots.

Causes

External causes of dry skin:

• improper care;
• use of cosmetics that are not suitable for your skin type;
• long exposure to the sun or frost;
• swimming in a pool or salt water;
• being in a room with dry, air-conditioned air;
• smoking.

Internal causes of excessive dry skin:

• usage medicines;
• dehydration of the body;
• hypovitaminosis;
• thyroid diseases;
• metabolic disorders;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• allergy;
• renal failure;
• stress;
• ichthyosis;
• psoriasis.

Rules for caring for dry skin

Dry facial skin is very sensitive and easily inflamed, so care products must be selected very carefully.

If after washing you feel tightness and dryness, then it is better to replace this procedure with rubbing.

In the morning

Rules for caring for dry skin at home:

• The first step is to cleanse the skin. For this, mild cleansers (milk, lotion, foam or cream) are used. You can also wash your face with warm mineral or alkaline water (a teaspoon of baking soda per liter boiled water);
• then the skin is toned using special lotions, tonics, decoctions or infusions;
• Apply a moisturizing day cream to the skin and leave it until completely absorbed. After 10 minutes, you can remove the excess with a soft napkin and begin applying makeup.

Means	Preparation	Action
Floral lotion	Mix equal quantities of rose petals, chamomile, jasmine, and linden blossom. Pour 15 g of raw material into 250 ml of boiling water and let cool under the lid. Strain and store in a glass container in a cool place for no more than a week.	The lotion refreshes and softens the skin, helps get rid of inflammation, and promotes hydration.
strawberry	Grind a tablespoon of ripe strawberries into a pulp, pour a glass of cold mineral water without gas, stir thoroughly, and then strain. Add half a teaspoon of glycerin to the liquid.	The product has a softening and nourishing effect. It tones the skin and retains moisture throughout the day.
Oatmeal lotion	1 tablespoon of oatmeal is poured into half a liter of boiling water and, after it has cooled, filtered. Use for morning wash.	Has a tonic, nourishing and moisturizing effect.
Chamomile lotion	100 ml of water is mixed with the same amount of milk and brought to a boil. A tablespoon of chamomile flowers is poured into the decoction and infused under the lid. Strain and store in the refrigerator. Use for morning cleansing of dry skin.	The lotion has a nourishing, anti-inflammatory and softening effect. Cleanses dry skin well and removes flaking.

People withdry sensitive skin You can use the following dry skin care option:

• in the morning, after waking up, wipe the skin with cosmetic milk and apply rich sour cream;
• after 20 minutes, the mask should be washed off with a strong stream of water from the shower at a comfortable temperature;
• at the next stage, wipe the skin with a piece of ice, for the preparation of which they use decoctions of medicinal herbs (a tablespoon of chamomile, calendula, string or sage, pour a glass of water, let it brew for 2 hours, filter and pour into ice molds).

During the day

Dry skin needs special care not only in the morning, but also throughout the day:

• in order to additionally moisturize the skin during the day, you need to use thermal water, the application of which does not require removing makeup;
• If the skin is flaky, you may need to apply special moisturizers (emollients) during the day.

In the evening

Particular attention should be paid to cleansing the skin in the evening, because it accumulates on its surface. a large number of dust and dirt containing pathogenic microorganisms. Penetrating into the pores of the skin, they can provoke an inflammatory process.

Skin cleansing occurs in several stages:

• first of all, you need to remove makeup using special cosmetic milk or micellar water;
• then you need to wash your face with special means for dry skin, decoctions of medicinal herbs or mineral water;
• At night, you need to apply a nourishing moisturizing cream to the skin containing plant extracts or vitamins that help restore the skin and prevent the appearance of wrinkles. This should be done at least half an hour before going to bed.

in winter

IN winter time Dry facial skin requires special care. Cold air can not only cause flaking, but also cause wrinkles. And indoor air dried out by heating systems will only increase the load on the skin.

In order to avoid problems, you must follow these rules:

• owners of dry skin should avoid using scrubs in winter, as this can deprive the dermis of a thin lipid film that retains moisture;
• Gel-based products destroy lipid structures in the upper layers of the skin, so in winter it is also better to avoid using them;
• in winter, dry skin does not need contrasting procedures and wiping with ice cubes, because wind, frost, snow and rain already irritate it;
• Moisturizing creams are applied to the skin at least 40 minutes before going out into the cold.

Video: Useful information

In a beauty salon

The most popular treatments for dry skin:

• massage. Before the procedure, a light peeling is carried out, then using nutrients, a classic massage of the face, neck and décolleté is performed for half an hour. Complete the process nourishing mask. Massage improves metabolic processes and stimulates muscle function. Even if the skin is very dry and not well-groomed, the effect becomes noticeable after 5 sessions;
• biorevitalization. Injected under the skin hyaluronic acid or vitamin cocktails. This helps improve skin condition, moisturizes, tones, and eliminates wrinkles.

At home

Dry skin has an alkaline reaction, so fermented milk products are used for home care:

• kefir;
• curdled milk;
• sour cream;
• cream;
• Ryazhenka.

For washing, you can use water with a small amount sea ​​salt, diluted with milk or non-carbonated mineral.

Masks for dry skin:

		Application	Action
Cottage cheese - tablespoon Strong black tea – teaspoon Fish oil – ½ teaspoon Flaxseed oil - a teaspoon.	Grind the cottage cheese thoroughly, add tea and slightly heated oils and stir until a shiny, homogeneous mass is obtained. Apply to previously cleansed facial skin, avoiding the area around the eyes and leave for 20 minutes. Rinse off with warm water.		The mask has a tonic and moisturizing effect, helps improve the condition of the skin, nourishes it and rejuvenates it.
Fresh chicken egg yolk Refined olive oil– 50 ml Sea buckthorn oil – 10 ml	Using a blender, beat the yolk, gradually adding oil. In the process, an emulsion is formed, which is applied to the skin and washed off with warm water after half an hour. This mask is made every other day for a week. Keep ready-made remedy can be in the refrigerator.		The product nourishes and moisturizes the skin, helps remove flaking and get rid of inflammatory processes on the skin.
Oatmeal – 1 tablespoon Olive oil – teaspoon Milk – 2 tablespoons Vitamin A – 10 drops Vitamin E – 10 drops.	Oatmeal should be poured with warm milk and left for half an hour, then stir thoroughly and add oil. Apply to face for 20 minutes and rinse with warm water. This mask can be used once every three days.		The mask nourishes and tones the skin, evens out color, enhances regeneration and moisturizes the skin. It eliminates flaking and, with prolonged use, helps get rid of dry skin.
Beans – 100 g Olive oil – 50 g.	The beans need to be filled with water and boiled until tender, then rub through a sieve. Add olive oil and apply to face. Wash off after half an hour.