New Year's wizards from around the world. Winter Wizards Winter Wizards

What do the main characters look like? New Year's holidays V different countries oh peace, says.

Korbobo (Uzbekistan)

He's dressed in striped robe made of national fabric and a festive red skullcap. Corbobo is accompanied by his granddaughter Korkiz. He uses a small donkey for transport.

Tovlis Babua (Georgia)

Tovlis babua is translated from Georgian as “snow grandfather”. This is a gray-haired old man with a long beard. He is dressed in a black or white chokha with a white burka “nabadi”, and on his head he has a traditional Svan hat. Tovlis Babua brings gifts to children in a large “khurdzhini” bag.

Father Frost (Russia)

In his hands, Santa Claus holds a crystal staff with a bull's head - a symbol of fertility and happiness. He rides in a painted sleigh drawn by three snow-white horses. Fairytale hero accompanied by his granddaughter, Snegurochka.

Santa Claus (USA, Canada, Australia, Western Europe)

Santa Claus is not wearing a fur coat, but a short red jacket. He has a red cap on his head, and his usual glasses on his nose. Santa rides across the sky on a sleigh drawn by reindeer, with a retinue of elves and gifts. Santa Claus places gifts for children under the Christmas tree, as well as in socks helpfully hung over the fireplace. Santa enters the house through the chimney.

Jollupukki (Finland)

At Yollupukki long hair, he wears a tall cone-shaped hat and red clothes. He is surrounded by gnomes in peaked hats and capes with white fur. Yollupukki's hut is located on the mountain. His wife Muori and the gnomes live in it. Finnish Santa Claus wears a goatskin jacket with a leather belt and a red cap.

Jõuluvana (Estonia)

Jõuluvana is similar to its Finnish relative Joulupukki: long White hair, a snow-white beard, a red sheepskin coat and a cone-shaped cap with a pompom. He does not dress up in goat skin, but he has a reindeer, as well as assistants - gnomes. And Yyuluvan’s wife is Mother Winter.

Sinterklaas (Holland)

Sintaklaas is an old man with a white beard and hair, wearing a red robe and miter, riding a white horse. He has big Book, which describes gifts for all children, their names and addresses. Sintaklaas arrives on a ship, accompanied by black servants.

Père-Noël and Saint-Chalandes (France)

There are two Santa Clauses in France. One is called Père-Noël. He is kind and brings gifts to the children in a basket. The second Santa Claus is called Shaland - he is a bearded old man who wears a fur hat and a warm traveling raincoat. His basket contains rods for naughty and lazy children.

Kahand Pap (Armenia)

The Armenian Father Frost is surrounded by fairy-tale creatures: Khlvliks - noisy and active little people and Aralez - half animals, half people. Kahand Pap goes to congratulate the children on their granddaughter Dzyunanushik.

Zyuzya (Belarus)

He is depicted as a bald grandfather of small stature, with a long gray beard. He walks barefoot, without a hat, in a white casing. In his hand is an iron mace. His breath is a strong cold. His tears are icicles. Frost - frozen words. And the hair - snow clouds. He really doesn't like those who complain about the cold.

Senelis Shaltis, Kaledu Senelis and Kaleda (Lithuania)

In Lithuania, there are several characters playing the role of the Russian Father Frost. Senyalis Shaltis comes to the children, he wears a sheepskin coat and knitted mittens. In addition to him, Kaledu Senyalis, the Christmas grandfather, appears in homes at Christmas, and a very popular folklore character, hero of legends and tales, Kaleda, an old man in a white fur coat.

Russia Father Frost We are accustomed to the name and image of our main New Year's Wizard - Father Frost, with a thick beard, in a long beautiful fur coat. But it is curious that such a character in old Rus' was negative - they frightened children with him. With the development of Soviet cinema, Father Frost was given positive qualities and a kind soul, thanks to which, every New Year, together with his granddaughter, Snegurochka, he brings gifts to children on three horses and attends children's parties, wishing them a Happy New Year.

America Santa Claus It is known that children in Australia, America and some European countries New Year's celebrations expect gifts from Santa Claus - the most famous brother of our Father Frost, who dresses up in a red suit with white trim and rides a reindeer sleigh across the sky, delivering gifts. What other winter wizard brothers do these two have?

Tatarstan Kysh Babai The kind grandfather Kysh Babai, with whom his snowy granddaughter Kar Kyzy always comes, congratulates the children on the New Year in Tatarstan. This winter wizard's costume is blue. Kysh Babai has a white beard, sly eyes and a very kind smile. New Year's events with the participation of Kysh Babai in Tatarstan are accompanied by the presence of characters from Tatar folk tales Shurale, Batyr, Shaitan. Kysh Babai, just like our Santa Claus, gives gifts to children - he always has a bag full of them.

Sweden Jul Tomten Jul Tomten is the little brother of Santa Claus in Sweden. This winter wizard is very vertically challenged, and his name translated sounds like “Christmas Gnome.” This character has settled in the winter forest, and has a faithful assistant, the snowman Dusty. You can visit Yul Tomten in winter forest- unless, of course, you are afraid of the dark forest, on the paths of which little elves run.

Italy Bubbe Natale Brother of Santa Claus in Italy Bubbe Natale The Italian winter wizard comes to every home. He doesn't need doors - he uses the chimney to get down from the roof into the room. So that Bubbe Natale can eat a little while on the road, children always leave a cup of milk by the fireplace or stove. The good fairy La Befana gives gifts to the children of Italy, and the mischievous children receive coal from the fairy-tale evil sorceress Befana.

Mongolia Uvlin Uvgun Uvlin Uvgun is the brother of Father Frost from Mongolia. On New Year's Day, Mongolia also celebrates the Shepherds' Day. Uvlin Uvgun walks with a whip, like the most important shepherd in the country, and on his belt in a bag he carries the main items for shepherds - tinder and flint. Assistant Uvlin Uvgun is his granddaughter, “ snow girl", Zazan Ohin.

Holland Sinterklaas Brother of Father Frost Sinterklaas from Holland This winter wizard is a lover of sailing, because every year on New Year's and Christmas he sails to Holland on a beautiful ship. He is accompanied by many black servants who help in his travels, as well as in preparations for the New Year's celebrations.

Finland Joulupukki Joulupukki in Finland is the brother of our Father Frost, who lives in the mountains. The name of this winter wizard translates as “Christmas Father”. Joulupukki's house stands on a high mountain, and his wife, the kind Muori, also lives in it. A family of hardworking gnomes help Joulupukki with the housework. Joulupukki himself wears a jacket made of goatskin, a wide leather belt, and a red cap.

Belgium Saint Nicholas Saint Nicholas from Belgium is the oldest winter brother of Father Frost. Saint Nicholas is considered the very first, eldest Father Frost. He is dressed in a snow-white bishop's robe and miter, and this wizard rides on a horse. Saint Nicholas congratulates children in Belgium and gives gifts; he is accompanied everywhere by the Moor Black Peter, in whose hands there are rods for mischievous children, and behind his back there is a bag of gifts for obedient children. Each family that shelters St. Nicholas will receive a golden apple from him as a gift.

Uzbekistan Korbobo Korbobo is the Uzbek brother of Father Frost. The kind grandfather Korbobo, who brings gifts to children on New Year's Eve, always travels accompanied by his granddaughter Korgyz. He rides a donkey, and therefore can travel even to the most distant villages.

Yakutia Chyskhaan The Yakut brother of Santa Claus is the powerful Chyskhaan. The winter wizard from Yakutia has a unique costume - he wears a hat with bull horns, and his clothes are simply stunning with the luxury of decoration. The image of Chyskhaan, the Yakut Bull of Winter, combines two prototypes - a bull and a mammoth, symbolizing strength, wisdom and power. According to the legend of the Yakut people, in the fall Chyskhaan comes out of the ocean onto land, bringing with it cold and frost. In the spring, Chyskhaan's horns fall off - the frosts weaken, then his head falls off - spring comes, and the ice carries his body into the ocean, where he is miraculously restored until the next autumn. Yakut Chyskhaan has his own residence in Oymyakon, where guests can come to him and receive cold and frost as a gift.

Italy Befana In Italy, Santa Claus is generally a woman, and not just a woman, but a witch - the old woman Befana (La Befana). In appearance, she resembles Baba Yaga from Russian fairy tales, but unlike Baba Yaga, Befana is terrible on the face, but kind on the inside. On New Year's Eve, she flies through the chimney into each child's house and leaves gifts for good children, although some people find coals instead of sweets. These are also candies, only black, with a hint of bitterness. This is how Befana hints to girls and boys: remember, did you behave well last year, did you upset your parents?

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Another year is coming to an end. Very soon the troubles and preparations for the New Year will begin. Therefore, a series of articles about this beloved holiday will probably come in handy. And we will start it with a character with whom the magic and miracles that happen in New Year's Eve- This .

Good Wizard , coming on New Year and Christmas with gifts and fabulous miracles - a mysterious character and has his own story.

In ancient pagan Rus' When people worshiped the forces of nature, the ruler of snowstorms, blizzards and snowfalls was called Moroz, Moroz Morozovich or Morozko. Under such names he is shown in epics and oral legends. This is a stern and even angry old man with a large white beard, who strives to swirl a blizzard, send blizzards, snowfalls and bitter frosty cold. And this old man doesn’t give any gifts.

During the reign of Peter 1, when the calendar was updated in Rus' and the custom of celebrating the New Year and Christmas was introduced, this character became an indispensable participant in the festivities. Only now he has become a kind wizard, bringing gifts to good and obedient children.

The reason for this metamorphosis is quite understandable. Russian - close relative similar characters who are simply called by other names (Weichnachtsmann, etc.).

And the prototype of these good winter wizards is considered to be quite a real man- Bishop Nikolaus (St. Nicholas), who lived in the city of Mira (now the Turkish city of Demra).

The legend says that one Christmas evening, walking under the windows of a very poor house, Nikolaus heard a conversation between three sisters. The elder sister offered to sell herself into slavery in order to use the proceeds to buy a dowry for her two younger sisters. But each sister began to offer to do the same for the sake of the other two. Hearing this conversation, the bishop threw a purse of gold out the window, which was just enough for a dowry for older sister. A year later, on the same Christmas evening, he threw a wallet for his middle sister.

The following Christmas was very bitter, and the windows of the houses were tightly closed. Then Nikolaus threw the wallet into the chimney. As if by magic, he landed in one of the stockings that younger sister hung it up to dry (hence the European custom of putting gifts in socks and stockings).

Since then, every Christmas, poor families in the city of Mira found gifts that came to them somehow magically. And it should be noted that for a long time Nikolaus managed to do these good deeds secretly. But one day, while making another such trip, he came across a night watch. Having checked what was in the bag of the strangely dressed old man, the patrol recognized him as the good wizard Bishop Nikolaus. Since then, people nicknamed him the Christmas Father, and after his death, for all his good deeds and miracles, the Christian Church elevated him to the rank of saints.

For the first time, the image of St. Nicholas was transformed into the image of a kind grandfather who gives gifts to everyone at Christmas in Germany, and then spread to other countries where Christianity is practiced.

In different countries, the good winter wizard has different names and guises.

For example, American - this is a mischievous and cheerful grandfather, with an impressive belly, in a short red fur coat and a red hat. He rides on a reindeer team and puts gifts in shoes and stockings, which are specially left by the fireplace.

Père Noël brings gifts to French children for the New Year and Christmas, Babbo Natale brings gifts to Italian children, Vaichnachtsmann brings gifts to German children, and Joulupuki brings gifts to Finnish children.

After Peter 1 introduced the custom of celebrating Christmas and New Year according to the European calendar, the image of St. Nicholas - Santa Claus merged with the image of the pagan Morozko and turned into the Father Frost we know. This is a respectable, tall grandfather, with a long and fluffy white beard, in a long fur coat and a red hat, with a staff and a bag of gifts. The Russian Santa Claus rides on a fabulous reindeer sleigh. He is strict and kind at the same time, cheerful and fair, loves winter fun on a frosty sunny day.

As a literary character in fairy tales, Santa Claus is very young; he was born 160 years ago. Exactly

then Konstantin Odoevsky published the fairy tale “Moroz Ivanovich”. In Russia there is even a holiday - the birthday of Father Frost. It is celebrated on November 18, it is at this time that winter with snow, frosts and blizzards firmly sets in in the homeland of Father Frost, the city of Veliky Ustyug.

Relatively recently, my grandfather had a granddaughter, Snegurochka. And in the city of Veliky Ustyug, a museum of New Year and Christmas toys has been operating for 4 years. But more on that in the next article.

They are called differently in each country. Winter wizards are stately, silent, a little stern in appearance, but very kind at heart. Santa Claus, whom we all know, wears a white, blue or red long fur coat and an almost equally long white beard, he wears a round hat and always carries a staff with him. He often appears with his granddaughter Snegurochka. Also has three sons - December, January and February. In Ukraine, in addition to Father Frost and Snow Maiden, there is one more New Year's figure- St Nicholas. This is one of the faces of the world famous saint - Nicholas the Wonderworker. According to legend, he dresses in white clothes and wears short beard. And he gives out sweets and gifts only to those children who have behaved well all year, and he leaves willow rods under the pillow for the naughty ones.

Father Frost in the USA, Australia and Canada is the well-known Santa Claus. He looks the same as in the Coca Cola New Year's advertisement. Short a plump man with a short gray beard, glasses and a recognizable booming laugh: “Ho-ho-ho!” Santa climbs into houses through the chimney and places gifts in stockings hanging over the fireplace or places them under the tree. He is originally from Lapland. Many helpers, whole crowds of elves and other magical creatures help Santa Claus make gifts for the children.

Santa from the USA and Canada rides a sleigh pulled by reindeer, wears a short red jacket, red pants and a red cap, but Santa from Australia looks different. He wears light shorts and a shirt because it's very hot at this time of year in Australia - it's summer there. Santa Claus has a wife - Mrs. Santa Claus.

If you and I lived in France, Pere Noel, literally “Christmas Father,” would come to us. According to legend, he rides a donkey named Mistletoe, with a wicker basket containing all the treats and gifts for children who behaved well. He enters the house through the chimney, and puts gifts in the shoes left for him. The kids also leave carrots and sugar for the donkey next to the fireplace. But to those who behaved badly, Pere Noel’s evil double comes to visit. His name is Chaland, which means “barge”, like a non-self-propelled cargo ship, moved by a pusher, played by the good Noel. Chaland also has a second name - Pere Fouétard, which is translated more offensively than the first - “terrorist”. Arriving at the naughty children, Shaland threatens them with caning and gives them ashes instead of gifts.

The name of the Finnish Santa Claus - Joulupukki - translates as “Christmas goat”. Don't think anything bad! It’s just that Joulupukki most often rides on a cart pulled by a goat. Now he looks the same as Santa Claus, but back in the 19th century Joulupukki was depicted in goat skin and even sometimes with horns. He lives in Lapland on the high mountain of Korvatunturi with his kind wife Muori. Joulupukki has many assistants - these are gnomes. During the year they sit in the Kaikuluolat caves and listen to how children around the world behave, and they also help sort the Christmas mail, cook and wrap gifts.

In Norway, there is no “Father Frost” as such. Nisse live there - house spirits, the same house spirits. There are different types of brownies: forest, ship, church, brownie and Christmas nisse. The latter is responsible for the duties of Santa Claus, and his name is Yulinisse. There are many Christmas nisses, but among them there is one main one, he lives near Oslo in own home in the commune of Frogn. Today, the Norwegian Santa Claus has acquired the features of the American Santa Claus. There are legends that Iulinisse travels on a cart pulled by foxes. There is a tradition that on the night before the arrival of Yulinissa you need to leave a cup of porridge or something tasty so that he will fulfill his wishes and make the new year happy and prosperous. Norwegians believe that you need to be friends with Yulinisse, otherwise he might burn down the house or do other dirty tricks. Just like all Santa Clauses, Yulinisse receives thousands of letters from children. And they send it to the post office, which is located in the city of Drebak.

There are also countries where two Santa Clauses coexist peacefully. For example, in the Czech Republic, on the night of December 5-6, Mikulas comes. He wears a long fur coat, a hat and a staff, but he brings gifts not in a bag, but in a shoulder box. His assistants are an angel and an imp. The angel gives gifts and sweets to obedient children, and the little devil gives potatoes and ashes to naughty ones. On the night from December 31 to January 1, the role of Father Frost is played by Mikulas's brother, Jerzyshek. No one can say with certainty what he looks like or what he is wearing, since Jerzyshek is very modest. When leaving gifts for children, he is careful not to be noticed. Jerzyshek also likes to announce that he left a gift - for this there should be bells hanging on the tree.

There are also two Santa Clauses in Japan, but they compete with each other. The first, the keeper of Japanese traditions, is called Segatsu-san. He dresses in a sky-blue kimono and walks from house to house for a whole week, which the Japanese call “golden.” Segatsu-san doesn't give gifts to children, their parents do. But Segatsu-san’s rival, Oji-san, is a young Japanese version of Santa Claus. He looks exactly like Santa and rides around on a reindeer sleigh. But, unlike the traditional Segatsu-san, Oji-san himself gives gifts to children. That’s why children like Oji-san more, even though he appeared relatively recently.

It seems that all countries perceive New Year completely different. Everyone has their own Santa Claus, their own legends and traditions. But there is something that unites all regions. Santa Claus in Poland and Belgium is called Saint Nicholas.

The name Santa Claus is a corruption of the Dutch transcription of the name St. Nicholas. The word "nisse" (Norwegian brownie) goes back to the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. In our opinion, Grandfather Mikulash is Nikolai. And Mikulas distributes gifts on the night of December 6, just on the day of remembrance of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Christianity. It turns out that the winter wizard in every country is not just a magical New Year's character, he is a hypostasis of a great saint, a helper in troubles, a deliverer from all evils, a patron of all happiness. People have written about him for centuries different legends. His appearance, attire and behavior changed over the decades. But for all people in the world he has always been the same.

Kristina Goretova

And now I’ll introduce you a little to the contents of my new New Year’s kit; And
For those who want to download the material and practice and play with it with their children, give some recommendations: first of all, very I would like to ask you to print it first (I deliberately post the material a little in advance in its entirety, so that it would be convenient for everyone to change everything for themselves, although initially there was an idea to post every day according to the scenario of one day, but then I realized that everyone has their own troubles, that someone might miss a day or maybe two wizards can be examined in a day, or perhaps smaller participants will want to examine someone for two days))) and read everything yourself, correcting my child’s name in some places to yours (on some pieces of paper I left a place to write the name, but in the so-called “manual” I no longer had time to correct anything). While reading the material, you may want to change, correct, supplement or omit something, so it’s better to think through everything a little ahead of time than to end up in an awkward position in front of your child.

So, what is my set “New Year’s wizards, or 9 days of waiting with Santa Clauses from different countries?”

First of all, this is material that will introduce your child to 9 New Year's wizards! Of course, all children know Santa Claus, so they will have to tell them more about him themselves, but YOUR assistant, the snowman Frost, will tell them about the other 8:

I still couldn’t come up with a suitable name for him, so for “Morozik” I want to say thank you to Marina!
Personally, I cut it out to make it more convenient and not look like just a card)).

It is Morozik who will help you figure out what your child knows about Grandfather Frost (and mine also about Zyuz) and will introduce your children to such wizards as:
- Santa Claus
- Father Christmas
- Segatsu-san
- Yolupukki
- Yul Tomten
- Papa Pascual
- Sinter Klaas
- fairy Befana
which I specially drew all these days for cards and some games, to make it more interesting to “work”! Initially, I planned to download photos or pictures on the Internet so as not to waste time, but I didn’t find anything worthwhile at all - either photos of people in Santa Claus or Father Frost costumes everywhere, or some primitive cartoon characters - so I decided to try to draw them myself , borrowing images from the book “Santa Claus, Joulupukki, Befana and others” (I really liked them!).

I also drew a paper game for my niece, because... such small children will probably not be able to tell much about Grandfather Frost (except that he also wears gifts and has a beard made of cotton wool)))))), but they will probably be interested in finding the costume and will immediately identify , which outfit of all the suggested ones for Santa Claus:

Also, thanks to Morozik, children will learn when and which wizard brings gifts to children, where he puts them and what kind of transport he uses.

I plan to start on December 22 and in the so-called “manual” I tried to write out a script-text for the snowman Morozik, for which you will need to prepare a card with the corresponding wizard for clarity (so that the child can imagine what a wizard from another country looks like, whom the snowman introduces him to ) and a letter from him in an envelope with some kind of request or game:

The requests are mainly aimed at creative activities, and the games, as usual (in my spirit)) are paper:
for example, a walking game where the Belarusian Santa Clauses need to quickly get to the American Santa Claus, collecting guests from all continents along the way)):

- "Transport of wizards":

December 25 is our Christmas, we are leaving and therefore the day we meet someone New Year's hero We’re omitting it, so it’s more convenient for someone, it might be possible to start on December 23!
Please also note that we live in Belarus and at the very beginning someone will definitely have to change the script a little.

In addition to what is included, you will also need a world map , to put a sticker on it of the character that Morozik will talk about (everything is described in detail in the manual), and some surprise for the 8th day, so that the child is given it by the gnome Yul Tomten.
This way, you can also practice with the map!
In general, read, print, cut out, paste, play, and most importantly, learn new things with interest!

You can receive the kit, as usual, by writing me your email address!

P.S. I will be very, very pleased if you write your opinion about this kit, and if you then write somewhere about how your informative waiting days went, and write a link here below (for the link to be active, you just need to copy and paste this when writing your comment:

YOUR LINK "> YOUR TEXT
inserting, where necessary, your link and the name of the blog, website or diary), believe me, I will be very glad to read your version!