Since January 2015, the next conversion of pension rights has passed, now into pension points. For the first time since the Soviet period, the conversion of pension rights in Russia was carried out in 2002 - into pension capital.

Since January 1, 2015, on the basis of laws No. 400-FZ and No. 424-FZ of December 28, 2013, the insurance and funded parts of the old-age pension have become independent pensions.

We remind you that the funded pension is formed and accrued according to the old principle (it still remains relevant only for citizens born in 1967 and younger), and the insurance pension is calculated according to the new formula based on the pension points accumulated by the citizen during the course of labor .

SPS \u003d PV × PC 1 + IPC × SEC × PC 2,

where ATP is insurance pension.

FV - fixed payment.

PC 1 is a premium coefficient for increasing fixed payments for later retirement.

IPC - individual pension coefficient.

SPK - the value of the pension coefficient at the time of registration of the pension.

PC 2 - premium coefficient for increasing the individual pension coefficient if a citizen continues to work, despite the onset of retirement age or other conditions for the emergence of the right to an insurance pension.

To understand how the old-age pension is calculated according to the new formula, we will look at what its main components are and how they are calculated: a fixed payment (the former base part) and an individual pension coefficient, as well as who will be eligible for bonus coefficients.

So, with the general concepts regarding how to calculate the future pension, we familiarized ourselves. Now we will open this topic in more detail.

  Fixed part of the insurance pension

In order to calculate the old-age pension, you should be aware of the existence of a fixed payment (hereinafter FV) to the insurance pension established by Art. 16 Federal Law "On Insurance Pensions" No. 400-ФЗ dated 12/28/2013. In 2019, the payment amounted to 5,334.19 rubles. This is a guaranteed minimum state for every Russian citizen of retirement age. Twice a year, PV is indexed: February 1, taking into account the growth in consumer prices and April 1, due to the income of the Pension Fund for the previous period. April Fools' compensation is spelled out in the legislation as possible, and the Russian government determines the possibility.

  Fixed insurance pension payment for various categories of citizens, northern pension

Grants not eligible for ATP	Number of dependents	The size of the PV (rub.) 1
Under 80 years of age and without disability
Reached 80 years old or 1st group disabled
Under 80 years of age and not having a disability, worked in the Far North for at least 15 years, insurance experience of at least 20 and 25 years for women and men, respectively
Reached 80 years or disabled people of group 1, worked in the Far North for at least 15 years, insurance experience of at least 20 and 25 years for women and men, respectively
Under 80 years of age and not having a disability, worked in the Far North for at least 20 years, insurance experience of at least 20 and 25 years for women and men, respectively
Those who have reached 80 years of age or disabled people of group 1 have worked in the Far North for at least 20 years, insurance experience of at least 20 and 25 years for women and men, respectively
Work experience in agriculture for at least 30 years, not engaged in activities with compulsory pension insurance, live in rural areas 2

1 Amounts rounded to hundredths of a ruble

  Individual retirement rate - the basis of an insurance pension

An individual pension coefficient (hereinafter referred to as the IPC) is an innovation in the practice of calculating pensions. He became a key component in the formula of secured old age. You can even say - the basis of the foundations for a citizen who wants to independently provide for themselves after retirement and live with dignity. The higher the IPC of a pensioner, the more likely it is to achieve this goal.

IPC is determined at the time of applying for an old-age pension and consists of the sum of annual pension coefficients (hereinafter GPC) or pension points accrued to a citizen annually in the process of official labor activity with a “white” salary. That is, for those years when employers transferred insurance premiums to a future pensioner.

The new pension legislation also determined other periods for which citizens will receive pension points, and provided for the coefficients of increasing the IPC and EF - for later registration of the implementation of the pension right.

  How pension is accrued in 2018 - 2019, are there any differences from the calculation in 2017

Now the formula for calculating the annual pension coefficient looks like this:

GPC \u003d SSP / SSM × 10

In the calculation of the CCP 3 values \u200b\u200bare involved:

Do not know your rights?

1. The amount of insurance pension contributions from the annual income of a citizen (MTP).
2. The amount of insurance premiums in the amount of 16% of the maximum payable wage established annually by the Government of the Russian Federation (CCM).
3. Multiplier 10. It is introduced for the convenience of calculating retirement points. Also 10 is the maximum number of annual pension points that can be awarded to a citizen in the accounting year.

But future pensioners will be able to get 10 points for the settlement year only starting from 2021. And only those who are not involved in the formation of their funded pension.

Maximum values \u200b\u200bof the pension coefficient by years

Year of appointment of the old-age pension	The maximum value of the PKI with contributions to the funded pension	The maximum value of the IPC without deductions for funded pension

1 When calculating pension coefficients, values \u200b\u200bare rounded to three decimal places.

When calculating an old-age pension, pension points for all years when an employee received insurance contributions from employers for the compulsory pension fund fund, the individual pension coefficient is added up and displayed. The longer a citizen worked and the higher his salary was, the higher his IPK would be. Accordingly, the higher the IPC of a citizen, the higher his retirement income.

IPC \u003d GPK 2015 + GPK 2016 + ... GPK 2030

where GPK 2015 is the number of pension points earned by a citizen in 2015, GPK 2016 - in 2016, etc.

  Calculation of an individual coefficient: which years are better to take

Let's try to calculate the pension ourselves. As mentioned above, the annual pension coefficient is equal to the ratio of insurance pension contributions from a citizen's income for the year to the maximum insurance pension contributions established by the state in the accounting year multiplied by 10. For clarity, we give examples. But first, recall that the total amount of pension insurance contributions deducted by the employer per employee is equal to 22% of his salary. Of them:

• 6% go to the so-called joint part of the Pension Fund, from which a fixed payment (base part) of insurance pension is paid to existing pensioners;
• 16% are intended for the formation of an employee's insurance pension, or, at his request, 10% of them go to the insurance, and 6% to the funded part.

An example of calculating the GIC with deduction for an insurance pension 16% of income

The salary of a citizen in 2018 is 20,000 rubles. per month. The amount of insurance premiums paid by the employer to the Pension Fund will be equal to: 20,000 rubles. × 12 months × 16% \u003d 38,400 rubles.

In 2019, the maximum taxable salary is 796,000 rubles. The sum of the maximum insurance premiums from employee income is 127,360 rubles.

GPC \u003d 38,400 / 127,360 × 10 \u003d 3,015

The annual pension coefficient of a citizen in 2019 will be 3.015 pension points.

An example of calculating the GIC with deduction for an insurance pension 10% of income

For clarity, we take a citizen with the same salary for 2019. His employer deducts only 10% for the insurance pension, and the remaining 6% goes to the funded one. The amount of pension contributions for a citizen's insurance pension for the year will be: 20,000 rubles. × 12 months × 10% \u003d 24,000 rubles.

GPC \u003d 24,000 / 127,360 × 10 \u003d 1,884

The annual pension coefficient of a citizen in 2019 will be 1,884 pension points.

Since the size of future pensions directly depends on the size of the GPC, it can be seen from the examples - the formula for calculating pension points campaigns for refusing to participate in the formation of a funded pension.

  Additional retirement points: how to check the correctness of accrual

In addition to the pension points accrued to a working citizen for the payment of insurance pension contributions by his employer, other periods are taken into account when calculating the IPC, during which pension contributions to a citizen were not paid. For each full calendar year, GPC is charged under the following circumstances.

1. The care of one of the parents for a child under 1.5 years of age (no more than 6 years in total):
     - for the 1st - GPC \u003d 1.8;
     - for the 2nd - GPC \u003d 3.6;
     - for the 3rd or 4th - GPK \u003d 5.4.
2. Caring for a disabled child, for a disabled person of group I, for a person older than 80 years - GIC \u003d 1.8.
3. Military service by conscription - GPK \u003d 1.8.

  Point value

The cost of 1 pension point in 2019 is 87.24 rubles. It will increase annually:

• February 1, in accordance with the inflation rate over the past year.
• April 1, according to the formula in which such values \u200b\u200bas the amount of revenues to the PFR budget in the form of insurance contributions and federal transfers participate.

  Premium Odds

Despite the fact that in Russia the retirement age is much earlier than in most other countries of the world, Russian lawmakers have not taken the path of raising the age limit for the onset of rights to an old-age pension. But they laid in the formula for calculating pensions tools that encourage people of their own free will to retire later.

If a citizen, having reached the retirement age and the onset of pension rights, does not encroach on receiving funds from the Pension Fund, that is, does not apply for an insurance pension, but continues to work, the legislation provides for a coefficient for increasing a fixed payment to an insurance pension (in our formula PC 1) and an increase coefficient individual pension coefficient (PC 2).

Premium ratios for full months of voluntary deferral of pension

Number of months	IPC increase coefficient	PV enhancement coefficient
120 and more

According to the given indicators, it is easy to calculate that if a citizen does not apply for an insurance pension within 10 years after the onset of the right to it, then the PV will increase by 2.11, IPK - by 2.32 times. And the old-age insurance pension, respectively, will grow by almost 2.5 times.

  Converting “old” pension rights into points

Citizens who have reached their retirement age in 2015 or who have reached it a few years later are concerned about what will happen to their pension rights, which so far have been measured in rubles and not in points. The same question worries people who already receive an old-age pension - after all, its further indexation will occur on the basis of pension points, which they seem to have no.

The new pension legislation has provided a formula according to which pension rights formed before January 1, 2015 will also be transferred to points:

PC \u003d MF / SPK

MF - insurance part of the retirement pension as of December 31, 2014, excluding the basic and funded parts.

SPK - the value of a pension point at the time of retirement.

The amount of points obtained will either make up the individual pension coefficient of a citizen if he is already a recipient of an insurance pension or retires, for example, in 2019, or will be added together with subsequent annual pension coefficients for the withdrawal of the IPC.

  How are pension examples accrued?

Let's go back to the new pension formula:

SPS \u003d PV × PC 1 + IPC × SEC × PC 2

Now we know how its components are calculated, and we can find out the approximate size of the future pension.

Example 1. Retirement upon reaching retirement age

Citizen Ivanova reaches retirement age in 2017. In 2015, her pension rights were converted to 70 pension points. For 2015-2017, Ivanova will earn another 5 points.

Citizen Ivanova twice on 1 year was on leave to care for a child up to one and a half years. For the first child, she received 1.8 retirement points, for the second - 3.6.

By adding up all the retirement points, we obtain the IPC of citizen Ivanova by the time the right to receive an insurance pension comes in — 80.4 points.

Assume that the minimum amount of a fixed payment (PV) to an insurance pension in 2017 will be 5,000 rubles, and the cost of a pension point (SPK) is 100 rubles. Citizen Ivanova has no reason to apply bonus coefficients, so the formula for calculating her pension looks like this:

ATP \u003d PV + IPC × SEC

We consider the old-age insurance pension of citizen Ivanova:

5 000 rub. + 80.4 × 100 rubles. \u003d 13 040 rub.

Example 2. Entering a well-deserved rest later than the right to an insurance pension

Let's try to calculate the monthly income of a pensioner from a distant future. Consider the conditionally ideal option for calculating a decent pension according to the new formula. Indeed, as legislators assure us, all their efforts and reforms are aimed at achieving a decent standard of living for a Russian pensioner. So, let's dream by the new formula.

Citizen Petrov began his career in 2015 at the age of 17. After serving a year, he was drafted into the army and served two years. For military service, he was awarded 3.6 pension points.

Citizen Ivanov received a correspondence higher education and worked without interruption of the insurance period until retirement age and 5 years after the right to an insurance pension. In total, over 48 years of insurance experience, he earned 400 pension points. Together with the “military” points, his IPC amounted to 403.6 points.

Suppose that by the time Citizen Petrov retires in 2063, taking into account all possible indexations, the PV will be 20,000 rubles. But citizen Petrov worked for 20 years in the Far North, so his PV is increased by 30% and amounts to 26,000 rubles.

Bonus Petrov's coefficients for 5 years of voluntary pension deferral are: for a fixed payment - 1.27, for an individual pension coefficient - 1.34.

The cost of a pension point in 2063 let it be equal to 600 rubles.

We consider the old-age pension of citizen Petrov, taking into account premium coefficients:

26 000 rub. × 1.27 + 403.6 × 600 rubles. × 1.34 \u003d 324,527.42 rubles.

Of course, it is difficult to imagine what will happen to the ruble by 2063, but today it looks more than worthy.

I must say that the above calculation of the old-age pension according to the new formula is approximate. Not only in the second example, but also in the first. If you want to get a more accurate result, register on the website of the Pension Fund of Russia. The FIU already has all the information about the current pension rights of officially working or working citizens, namely the number of years and months of insurance experience and the number of pension points already earned. This information can be viewed in the personal account of the insured person. Enter in the pension calculator additional information about the place of your current job and salary, about other periods for which pension points are awarded. Press the button “Calculate” - and you will find out the size of your pension. Plan a well-deserved rest based on the result, if it suits you. Or, if possible, take steps to increase your future pension. Now you know how to do this.

  Is it possible now to count on a preferential pension. If yes - how to calculate it

Does the new pension reform presuppose preferential pension provision that excites those who worked in hazardous industries, in the field of education, medicine, etc. Yes, today preferential pensions have been preserved.

Naturally, such citizens are also interested in how to calculate a preferential pension. We must say right away that it is not worth looking for special differences in calculating a preferential pension from calculating the usual one, since the same formula is taken as the basis, its size is directly dependent on the amount of accumulated points that have been taken into account since 2015. These payments are transferred in the system of compulsory pension insurance, using the formula:

IPO / NGO x 10

IPO - the amount of individual pension contributions for the year,

NGO - the standard amount of pension contributions for the year.

However, it will be much easier not to engage in independent calculations, but to go to the PFR website and use the pension calculator available there.

The concept of pension points arose due to the renewal of the system for the formation of old-age security. Preparations for the 2019 reform began in 2013 with the introduction of the Law on Insurance Pensions, which changed the rules and formula for calculating deductions.

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What are points and why are they needed

In 2015, a new formula was introduced to calculate the insurance part of the pension. According to the amended rules, a citizen receives payments upon accumulation of a certain level of seniority, as well as if a certain number of pension points for retirement (IIC) is earned. To date, the number is 13.8, and by 2025 a minimum threshold of 30 units is planned.

After the old-age subsidy is appointed, the IPC is converted into monetary currency. The point price is determined every year after indexation by the state. In addition to payments, a fixed amount is added.

Effect on pension

The principle of calculating the new system is that the number of accumulated rights for seniority is transferred to the IPC. The amount of benefits depends on their total amount. To determine the unit, the amount of contributions is divided by the norm, consisting of the tariff and the maximum wage.

For example, if a citizen earns 570,000 rubles a year. then the insurance part receives 10 points. It is noteworthy that every year wages and odds are updated. So, in ´25, a complete transition to the new system is planned, respectively, these indicators will increase several times. However, only those who could accumulate from 30 points will be able to receive combined payments.   In 2015, the IPC was equal to 6.6 points, but each year the level rises by at least 2.4.

Accrual

Previously, the Pension Fund did not take points into account, and in order to receive a subsidy, two conditions had to be met:

• reach the age - for the female population 55 years, for the male - 60;
• the presence of a labor period that varied earlier from 5 to 25 years.

Accordingly, the income level of the future pensioner depends on these indicators. In the periods from 01-14. insurance contributions also played a role in the size of the benefit, as a rule, their volume ranged from 14 to 16% of the salary.

Note: IPC, what is it? The system implies a combined coefficient indicating the experience of a person, as well as the scope of activity. The indicator is the sum of their labor period, remuneration and insurance contributions.

Since January 2015, pension points for granting subsidies have been included in the calculation system. In order to receive payments in full, a certain number of years should be worked out with wages higher than the minimum wage.

What does the number of PB mean?

Despite the increase in the insurance part of the inflation benefit for 2017, in 2018 there was an increase in subsidies by 3.7%. Of course, accumulated units also influenced this.

What does it depend on

The number of pension points in 2019 is directly dependent on the amount of funds contributed to the PF of Russia. In turn, the IPC affects insurance premiums, because the size is calculated by multiplying the individual pension coefficient by its price in the current period.

In 2019, the maximum limit is 8.26 if there is no funded allowance, and 5.16 if there is one. In case of a shortage of the minimum level, payments are made as a basic subsidy. Thus, the IPC depends on the level of “white salary”, the amount of other earnings and seniority.

Maximum and minimum quantity

The government of the Russian Federation has developed a minimum and maximum limit. For 2018, the maximum annual score was 8.7. If the average ratio exceeds the level, then the allowance will be limited to this threshold.

To approve the amount of the subsidized payment, the general PKI is the time for all confirmed labor activities for the current year, i.e. a minimum of 13.8. If less is accumulated, then the insurance part will be refused, and the person will receive a minimum subsidy.

Counting method

The formula for calculating an individual retirement coefficient is made up of the volume of values \u200b\u200bfor two periods of time - until 2015 and after. In accordance with Federal Law No., accumulation is carried out in various ways:

1. Until January 15th. The value taken into account on 12/31/14 is necessary to divide by the SEC from 1.01.15, i.e., 64.1 p. The amount received is added to the accumulated funds recorded for labor activities.
2. After 1.01.15. Two amounts are added to the individual coefficient:
   • annual deductions to the PF of Russia;
   • unearned time included in the total length of service.

To calculate the amount of deductions, the formula is used: individual subsidized indicator \u003d (CB: NSV) x 10.

Note: in order to identify the amount of subsidy for insurance contributions, the first and second values \u200b\u200bshould be added, and then multiplied by the SEC. Round the total amount to 0,000 shares.

Citizens can independently calculate the subsidy ratios and the level of compensatory subsidies.

Cost

Annually at the government level establish the size of the IPC. The cost depends on the average price growth in the country. For example, in ´17, 1 individual pension coefficient cost 78.58 rubles, whereas in ´15, its size was determined to be 64.1 rubles.

Transfer to rubles

To transfer pension points to rubles, the number of individual PCs should be multiplied by the average coefficient in the state. It is noteworthy that in the transitional period in connection with the new reform it will steadily increase.

For 2018

Today, one piece is equivalent to 81.49 p. From January 2019, the amount of accrual of pension points will increase. Accordingly, the price of the IPC and the fixed amount of insurance benefits will increase in proportion to the inflation level.

Year table

The table shows the requirements for receiving deductions for old age.

Year of retirement	Necessary working time, years	The minimum threshold of the IPC for insurance subsidies	Maximum threshold per year
			Tariff 0% to the funded part	6% rate for the funded part
2015	6	6,6	7,39	4,62
2016	7	9	7,83	4,89
2017	8	11,4	8,26	5,16
2018	9	13,8	8,7	5,43
2019	10	16,2	9,13	5,71
2020	11	18,6	9,57	5,98
2021	12	21	10	6,25
2022	13	23,4
2023	14	25,8
2024	15	28,2
2025		30

Formula and calculation procedure

To determine the cost of the subsidy point, experts take into account changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation in connection with the Federal Law No. adopted on 12.28.13, as well as updates from 01.01.15. At the same time, in 2019, the planned reform is not taken into account.

In calculating the insurance part of the subsidy, the following formula is used:

SP \u003d (FVhK) + (number of individual PC x SIPK x K), where

• FV - the fixed amount of contributions to the insurance pension (in 17 \u003d 4982.9 p.);
• SP - insurance subsidy;
• IPC - the number of points;
• SIPK - the price of 1 IPK;
• K - increasing values.

Changes in the rules of counting are associated with the upcoming reform and concern only labor benefits.

How to find out your retirement points

You can also use the online calculator www.pfrf.ru/eservices/calc on the PF RF website. The essence of the application is to clarify the rules for the formation of contributions to receive benefits.

Note: the calculator is not allowed to be used for calculating persons liable for duty and representatives of law enforcement agencies if there is no insurance benefit.

To obtain information about retirement points for people who are still working, you should contact the PF Russia support service. As a result of the appeal, the client can receive the following information:

• account status data;
• results of investing accumulated funds.

The fund will send the information to the postal address within ten business days from the date of application.

Another way to obtain information is the state website www.gosuslugi.ru. To take advantage of the site, you must go through the registration procedure. Then visit your personal account, and select the “Service Catalog” tab, go to the “PF Russia” section. After filling in the appropriate fields, online, the user will be available all the information about the size of an individual PC.

How much does it take to receive a pension?

In order to establish for the working person the old-age pension benefits of the PF of Russia, the insured citizen should have the necessary number of points on his personal account. For 2018, this figure was 13.8.

According to the changes, the minimum annual limit today is 2.4 points, valid until ´25 g. After that, the minimum will be 30 units, including all periods of a person’s life.

How much to get to get a good allowance

The maximum limit that the insured person can collect for 12 months is 8.26, in 2018 this figure was 8.7. It is noteworthy that to achieve the upper bar, a working person should work with an official salary of at least 3 minimum wages.

The value of the IPC of the insured person

There are restrictions on the accumulation of the number of points that can be earned in 12 months. Therefore, persons born in 1967 and later are obliged to decide on how the allowance will be formed:

• only from insured funds in the PF of Russia;
• a complex of insured and funded contributions.

The first option involves the transfer of all contributions by the employer to the insured part. The second method allows you to equally divide between the two types of contributions.

In accordance with the Federal Law No. (see Appendix No. 4), the maximum threshold for an individual PC will change in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

Note: from ´21, a working person will be able to accumulate no more than 10 points every 12 months when choosing the first accrual method and not more than 6.25, giving preference to the second method.

Maximum IPC threshold by years

In 2018, the pension coefficient of the IPC was frozen. Thus, all insured citizens registered in the OPS system make transfers as insurance premiums. The restriction is valid until 12.31.20.

In this case, remember the maximum allowable accumulations that can be accumulated. Full calculation is given in the tabular part.

Year	Insurance Benefit Formation	Formation of a comprehensive allowance (insurance + savings)
2015	7,39	4,62
2016	7,83	4,89
2017	8,26	5,16
2018	8,7	5,43
2019	9,13	5,71
2020	9,57	5,98
2021 onwards	10	6,25

The price of one unit in rubles for 2019

The government, carrying out a reform of the Russian PF system, has developed an algorithm for translating workers' rights into indicators in force since 2015. Each year the price tag increases and users naturally wonder how much a pension point will cost in 2019:

• from February 1, 2015 \u003d 71 rubles 41 kopecks .;
• from 02/01/2016 \u003d 74 p. 27 kopecks .;
• from 02/01/2017 \u003d 78 rubles 28 kopecks .;
• from April 1, 2017 \u003d 78 p. 58 cop.

In January of this year, as directed by the Government of the Russian Federation, there was an increase in insurance benefits by 3.7%, despite the inflation level in 2017, 2.5%. So, the pension coefficient of 2018 amounted to 81 rubles. 49 cop., But this figure is below the planned volume of 81.96 p.

Note: the price of one item is determined in amendments by the Government of the Russian Federation according to the method fixed in the Federal Law No. and must be increased annually.

Answers to questions that concern everyone

According to T. Golikova, the Government of the Russian Federation is considering the probability of rejection of pension points, including for working pensioners. However, the timing of the decision is not yet known. There is the possibility of considering this issue in the upcoming reform, which has already been submitted for second reading to the State Duma.

Despite such a likely development of the situation, today there is still a system of accumulation of subsidized points, in connection with this, many questions have accumulated among citizens.

How many points can you earn in a year?

Due to the system update, the maximum value of the subsidy coefficient is 10 points. But this value changes annually.

What if there are not enough points for retirement and increase methods?

In a situation where a citizen can’t dial the required number of units, the state will pay social subsidies. This right belongs to the female population under the age of 65 and the male population from 65 years old. Deductions are made every month, regardless of the accumulated points and time of work.

If a person is predicted to have a lack of indicators on the account, and it is impossible to wait for the set age, then contact the PF of the Russian Federation for a contribution, as it does not work in a financial institution. However, at the government level, developed a system of accumulation of social units, which consist of the following indicators:

• service in the armed forces;
• caring for children under the age of 1.5 years;
• care for a child with a disability or an elderly person at the age of 80 years.

The State Duma understands that transition time is important for determining population groups for accounting benefits. However, to accumulate the required number of indicators, it is proposed to work officially with a white salary.

Purchase opportunity

If there are not enough units in a personal account in the Russian PF, it is allowed to purchase the missing indicators in the Russian PF. To do this, the client contacts the territorial unit and makes a contribution for insurance from personal savings.

Note: the majority of individual entrepreneurs, notaries and private practice lawyers pay their own contributions. But as a result, they are not able to reach the maximum threshold.

Thus, if today we are preoccupied with accumulations in old age, then most people will not have enough time to collect the minimum threshold of units. Therefore, citizens have two options - work until the specified age or open deposits in banks.

What is the unit in the RF PF account in monetary terms?

Every year, units are converted into rubles and set a maximum limit at the state level. For example, in past years, these indicators had the following numbers:

• 2015 - 64.1 rubles;
• 2016 - 74.27 p .;
• 2017 - 78.58 rubles;
• 2018 - 81.49 p.

Counting the units that can be obtained for labor activity in the Soviet era, each citizen is faced with difficulties. However, at the government level, it was decided to take into account rights from previous years.

The calculation scheme is as follows:

1. All salary deductions listed before 2002 in the PF of Russia are converted into a banknote. The formula is the old scheme, which took into account the time of work and wages. The final figure is indexed at 10%. Before 1991, working people are additionally added 1%;
2. Contributions transferred to the PF of Russia from 2002-2014 are summed up and multiplied by the indexation index. Thus, capital paid in old age is obtained. Then, the figure is divided by 228 and by the unit cost recorded in 2015. It is noteworthy that until this date the cost is equal to 64.1 rubles.

It follows from this that it is difficult to independently translate the labor of Soviet people into units on their own. However, it is realistic to obtain indicative data.

   November 14, 2018, 19:21 Jan 29, 2019 19:45

Pension score is a relatively new concept in the pension system. To roughly imagine what kind of benefits citizens will receive in retirement, it is necessary to thoroughly understand it.

What it is

People retiring at this time began their labor activities during the existence of the USSR. Then, however, as before 2015, this required the fulfillment of two conditions:

• performance of a certain age;
• the presence of the necessary work experience.

Since 1990, three laws on the appointment of pension payments have been adopted. During the period of each law, the calculation is made in its own way. From 2001 to 2014, the amount of the pension depended directly on the number of insurance contributions transferred to the Pension Fund.

Since 2015, to achieve a well-deserved rest, certain circumstances are required:

• age, 60 and 55 years for men and women (early exit is possible);
• length of service;
• retirement points.

The last two factors will gradually grow until the year 2025. Rumor has it about increasing the retirement age for all older people. At the moment, the innovation has affected only public servants.

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If the concepts of age and length of service do not raise any questions, then still not everyone has figured out pension points. This is an individual pension coefficient, IPC, which is accrued annually in the implementation of official labor activities.

Its size depends on the size of contributions paid to the Pension Fund by the employer. Therefore, the more a person has a salary, the more points he will earn.

Upon retirement, points for the entire period of insurance activity are summed up and then multiplied by the rate of one point. The latter is established by the Government every year.

Conclusion: in order to now have a legal opportunity to receive an old-age insurance pension, it is necessary to develop seniority with a wage at which the number of paid contributions would equal the amount established by law.

How much is one point in 2019

The size of the IPC is strictly regulated by law and is increasing every year.

In 2015, when the pension coefficient was just introduced, its cost was 64 rubles 10 kopecks. Over the past three years, it has been indexed several times, and as a result, at this time it is 81 rubles 49 kopecks.

Initially, retirement required 6 years of insurance experience, and the IPC was 6.6. According to legislative acts, the value of these indicators will steadily increase until the year 2025.

From 2015 to 2020, regardless of which pension option was chosen, all insurance contributions of citizens are directed only to the insurance part of the pension. Therefore, the maximum number of points will be the same for both options.

The maximum salary in the current period for calculating the pension coefficient is 1,021,000 rubles.

Therefore, there is a restriction on the maximum number of pension points in 2019, which is 8.7. Even if a citizen earns several million, they will not be able to accrue more.

How are accrued

IPK is directly dependent on the amount of money contributed to the Pension Fund. The amount of the insurance part of the pension benefit depends on it. And its size is calculated by multiplying the accumulated number of points by their value in the current year.

The retirement coefficient is affected by the availability of official salaries and seniority.

From what year

The concept of an individual pension coefficient was given in the federal law adopted at the end of 2013 “On Insurance Pensions”. The procedure for its calculation was presented there and the formula was given.

How much do you need

In order for an elderly person to be able to retire in 2019, he needs to earn 9 years of insurance experience, accumulate a minimum of 13.8 pension points and reach retirement age.

How to calculate

The individual coefficient for the current year can be independently calculated according to the formula:

IPK \u003d Stvz: MaxStvz * 10

That is, the pension point is equal to the quotient between the amount of insurance premiums for the year and the maximum amount of insurance premiums for the year multiplied by 10.

Example

With a salary of 35,000 rubles, the annual salary will be 420,000 rubles.

Insurance premiums for the year were paid 92,400 rubles (since deductions go only to insurance premiums in the amount of 22 percent, while funded contributions are temporarily frozen).

The amount of insurance premiums must be divided by the size of insurance premiums with a maximum payable salary:

1 021 000*22%=224 620

Consequently, the number of points for 2019 will be:

92 400: 224 620 * 10 = 4,1

Upon reaching a well-deserved rest, all points accumulated over the years of work, as well as points accrued for non-insurance periods, are added up.

Then the amount is multiplied by the value of one point established in the current year and the amount of the fixed payment is added. Thus, the amount of the insurance pension is calculated.

Recently, the pension system has changed dramatically. Insurance premiums paid by citizens in the period from 2002 to 2014 are converted into pension points and are taken into account when calculating old-age benefits.

The situation is more complicated with the Soviet period. Indeed, in those days, records were kept documented, there were no automated information systems. If a person has lost evidence of labor activity over the years, it may not fall into the calculation of pensions.

The obligation of citizens to independently provide evidence of official work, women - to confirm the time of caring for children with the relevant papers that have undergone military service - reinforce the facts.

The President of the Russian Federation signed a decree according to which for every full year worked out before 1991, the pension capital is increased by 1 percent. This means that over 5 years its size will increase by 5 percent, and over 10 years already by 10 percent.

The Soviet experience includes not only the time until the collapse of the Soviet Union, that is, until 1991, but also the post-Soviet time, inclusive, until 2001.

Therefore, 10 percent of the pension is added for labor activity from 1991 to 2001, even regardless of the availability of documents confirming the length of service.

Additional

There are times in a person’s life when he is forced to not work. Some of them count towards retirement years, but only if there were periods of official employment before or after this time.

When accruing a pension, points for labor activity are added to points for the period of temporary disability and multiplied by their value.

Values \u200b\u200bof additional points:

Activities	points
Conscription in the army, one year	1,8
1-year maternal leave	1,8
Mother's 2-year parental leave, one year	3,6
Mother's care for a 3rd child, one year	5,4
Mother's 4-year parental leave, one year	5,4
Disabled child care, one year	1,8
Caring for a person with a disability of the first group, per year	1,8
Care for a person of advanced age (over 80), per year	1,8
Temporary disability, for one year	1,8
Registration in the central economic center, for one year	1,8

5.4 pension points are due to citizens who have transferred 35,000 rubles to the FIU. Therefore, the mother of four children is practically guaranteed an insurance pension, because she is credited with a sufficient number of points, 24.3 out of 30 necessary, it remains to earn less than 6.

Additional points include bonus points, which grow with each year of going on a well-deserved vacation after reaching retirement years.

For example, if an elderly citizen applies for old-age benefits after 5 years, then points will increase by 45 percent, and a fixed payment by 36.

What to do if not enough

Unfortunately, there are senior citizens who have reached the retirement age, but have failed to accumulate the required insurance experience or pension points. This could happen in the case of informal employment, a meager wage or a complete absence of work.

Each person who is a member of compulsory pension insurance can increase their own experience and, accordingly, points (from 2015 onwards) (until this time, only the size of the pension could be increased). To do this, in addition to insurance, it is necessary to pay voluntary contributions to the Pension Fund.

Voluntary payments can be made not only for oneself, but also for other persons, regardless of the existence of kinship. The main thing is that they do not work and do not make insurance contributions, which means they do not have the right to an insurance pension.

An important nuance here is the ability to pay only half of the experience. If this year it is required for retirement to have 9 years of insurance experience, then with the help of insurance voluntary contributions it is possible to acquire no more than 4 and a half years of experience.

If the retirement age has already arrived, and there are not enough points, you can work further without retiring. In this case, next year the number of required points will not increase, as for other people, but will remain at the same level.

Of course, you can agree to a social pension, but it is possible to receive it 5 years later:

The amount of the pension benefit depends not only on the state, but also on the citizen himself. If you make voluntary contributions to the Pension Fund during the course of your work and postpone your retirement for several years, you can increase it.

Starting January 1, 2015, Russia introduced a new procedure for assigning pensions. Now, pension rights are formed not in rubles, but in points, which allows you to more effectively protect the pension rights of citizens, because accumulated points are converted into rubles when assigning a pension based on the value of the point at the time of retirement.

A pension point evaluates each calendar year of a citizen’s labor activity, taking into account the annual deductions of insurance contributions to the FIU. The annual pension coefficient is equal to the ratio of the amount of insurance premiums paid by the employer for the formation of the insurance part of the pension at a rate of 16% to the amount of insurance premiums with a maximum payable salary paid by the employer at a rate of 16% times 10.

The number of points for the year is limited. The maximum value of points in 2015 when sending insurance contributions only to the formation of an insurance pension is 7.39.

Here is an example of calculating the annual retirement point for 2015.

With a monthly salary of 30,000 rubles. the employee’s salary for the year will be 360,000 rubles.

The amount of paid insurance premiums with an annual salary of 360,000 rubles. at a rate of 16% will be 57,600 rubles.

This value is divided by the amount of insurance premiums with the maximum payable salary paid by the employer at a rate of 16% (established by law, in 2015 it amounts to 711,000 rubles): 711,000 * 16% \u003d 113,760 rubles. and multiply by 10.

The number of points for 2015 will be:

57 600 / 113 760 * 10 = 5,06

At the time of retirement, the points for each year of work are summed up and multiplied by the cost of one pension point in the year the pension is assigned. The amount of a fixed payment is added to the amount of insurance pension received.

When retiring people with seniority in the years 1992-2002 and earlier, it is logical to understand this process - accruing the amount of pension for these periods. How to calculate the pension according to the Soviet experience and all the features of this process, we will consider further.

People who are retiring at this particular moment worked back in the days of the Soviet Union (until the collapse of the USSR in 1991). Over the period to date, a lot has changed, including when calculating a pension. The periods of labor and social activity for a future pensioner entail the appointment of a pension increase according to a certain system. An example of the calculation is given later in the article.

All the length of employment, conditionally, is divided into 4 periods:

• until 1991;
• 1991-2001;
• 2002-2014;
• 2015 - present.

All information on the accrual of pensions, including for Soviet experience, is provided in an exhaustive amount in the Federal Law of Russia No. 173-FZ. It also provides examples of calculations and a formula according to which all calculations should be carried out.

From 2015, pension accrual will occur according to a certain latest system with the accrual of special points. And for 2002-2014, the calculation was carried out according to the number of insurance premiums. In this article, we are more likely to be interested in Soviet and post-Soviet experience, so we will focus on this information, and its general essence is reduced to specific numbers.

In the days of the Soviet Union, all information was approved by documents, therefore, for accrual and addition to a pension it is necessary to have such documents, confirming labor and social activities for these periods. This also applies to military service, etc.

According to the legislation, having a seniority in the Soviet era (documented), for all years 1% of the pension is accrued. That is, if a person worked and has 4 years of working experience during the USSR (until 1991), his pension supplement will be 4%, if he worked 17 years, then 17%, etc.

Also, by decree of the President of Russia, it was decided and established that regardless of the provision of documents or the availability of seniority, in principle, for the period from 1991 to 2001, all pensioners will be accrued an additional 10% of the pension.

All work activities up to and including 2001 are considered to be Soviet experience; it falls under the general calculation without division into Soviet-post-Soviet time.

A pensioner has a working experience of 35 years, 20 of which in Soviet and post-Soviet times. It is necessary to calculate the coefficient of the average salary of a pensioner and in the whole country. Regardless of the calculations, if the coefficient exceeds 1.2, then this value is taken, in all other cases - according to the calculation.

In this example, the average salary of a pensioner was 320 rubles, while in the rest of the country the average salary was 210 rubles. The coefficient exceeds the permissible maximum, therefore, it will be 1.2.

0.55 + 0.1 x (35 - 20) \u003d 0.70.

Total pension   calculated by the formula:

(0.70 (seniority ratio) x 1.2 (average salary ratio)) x 1671 \u003d 1223.17.

If the amount is over 660, 450 rubles are deducted. As a result, the amount becomes 773.17. This amount is increasing by 20% for Soviet and post-Soviet experience to 927.80.

The resulting number is multiplied by indexation (in this example, at the time of 2014) - 5.6148, and then divided by the number of rubles accrued for 1 pension point under the current system (64.1 rubles at the time of 2015).

As a result, the pension, according to the calculation results, will amount to 81.27 points, which means that the pension increase for the Soviet experience will be about 6,300 rubles. The presented example was not taking into account bonuses, interrupted seniority, children born (and the corresponding pauses in seniority). Whether this quantity is sufficient and whether it is worth fighting for it is an individual matter of each person.

Regardless of whether a citizen considers such an increase sufficient or not, it is better to have a concept of what Soviet experience is and what formulas are used to calculate it. But each seniority is unique, so in order not to be mistaken in the calculations, it is a good idea to contact the Pension Fund, where employees will explain everything to you in detail.