Types and techniques of origami. Passion for sophisticated women: the art of origami and its types What is the technique of origami

Literally translated from the language of the country of the rising sun "origami" is "folded paper." Origami is called the art of a whole sheet, and this is the most important rule of origami - do not add or subtract anything superfluous. For many centuries, all origamiists have complied with this law. That is why for thousands of years this type of art is considered the most original.

History of Origami

Art aboutrigami for many centuries, it originated almost immediately after the appearance of paper in Japan. The paper itself was first invented in China, but the Japanese guessed to make origami and other decorative products out of paper. Since the words “paper” and “god” are consonant in Japanese, origami began to give religious meaning. This art was developed in Japanese monasteries. They decorated the walls of temples with origami and made donations in boxes made using the origami "sanbo" technique.

Paper and tools for origami

To master the technique of origami is not required, any special tool. At the initial stage, it is enough to have regular food-paper. Here is a short list of the essentials to get started:

Origami paper

Many origami shapes can be folded from just about any kind of paper. But there are some models that may require certain types of paper.

Special kami origami paper

In shops for creativity, you can buy special sets of various origami paper. They contain square paper of various colors and sizes. Origami made from such paper look more impressive. What is such paper good at? Firstly, it is already cut into squares and you do not need to do it yourself, and secondly, it is much more convenient when working with origami: thin, but very durable - it can withstand numerous bending and straightening - this makes it an ideal material for crafts .

Embossed paper

This type of paper does not have a smooth surface, but an embossed one. Flowers created from such paper seem more natural.

Paper cutting knife

The unnecessary part of the sheet is best trimmed with a special paper knife . With it, the edges will turn out to be perfectly even, and this is very important.

When marking the future composition, you will need the simplest drawing instruments: compasses, ruler, pencil.

Where to buy paper and tools for Origami: Ying turnet store My-made

Types and techniques of origami

Over its centuries-long history, many styles and branches have appeared in the art of origami. Here are the main ones.

Traditional origami

Kusudama
(medicine ball)

Modular origami

Sophisticated Origami

Wet folding

Movable origami

Folding origami scan (pattern)

Origami Basics

Description of the main forms

There are various types of origami, which vary in degree of difficulty and technique. Consider the most common types.

Classic (simple) origami
This type of origami is the easiest to perform. It usually begins with familiarity with the techniques of folding paper figures; classical origami can rightfully be considered origami for beginners. With it, you can fold beautiful cranes from paper, dragons and many other figures.

Modular origami
This type of origami differs in that the craft will not be made from one sheet of paper, but from separate pre-assembled modules that are connected to each other. All the elements involved in assembling the figures are the same - this distinguishes modular origami from the usual one, where several sheets are used.

Origami pattern
A pattern is a very unusual technique for folding figures from a sheet of paper. On the paper from which the craft will be executed, all the fold lines are marked in advance, it is necessary to fold the sheet on them. The pattern is one of the most difficult types of origami.

Quilling
The crafts based on the quilling technique are based on curled long strips of paper of different lengths. It is from these paper curls that the compositions, volumetric drawings, which look unusual and beautiful, are made up. There are other types of origami, you can get to know them on our website.

Origami - paper figures that relate to Japanese art and exist in it for more than a century. Monks in ancient times used paper figures for decoration of temples and its halls, as well as for their use for religious purposes (performing rituals).

Each inexperienced master is able to make origami out of paper with his own hands, but the main criterion is the availability of perseverance and accuracy of movements. Today you will understand that you do not need to be an ace to beautifully make these products.

Origami Tools

The main attention should be paid to the choice of paper for crafts. For origami, office, hard paper of different colors is suitable. It is suitable for any circuit, both simple and complex.

To fix the paper you need to purchase glue stick or PVA glue. Other types of glue will also work, the best option would be those that do not leave marks, and if they did, they are easily removed.

Buy paint in cans to give the desired shade to products with gray or plain white paper.

To align the edges of the origami, a cutter is suitable, just do not forget about the neat behavior with it.

Also, to create toys you need rulers, pencils for sketching schemes. To give creativity and unusualness to your origami, you can decorate it with beads, glass beads, rhinestones, ribbons.

Varieties of paper figures

Apart from the classic look, there are still many different alternative species:

A classic simple origami - it should start with those who first decided to do paper figures. An example of this style is the figure of a crane.
Origami from modules is more difficult than the first view. Several parts (modules) must be connected by simple folding. The product lasts long enough.
Aerogami - figures of paper planes.
Kirigami - creating figures using scissors. For example, postcards.
Kusudami - voluminous origami, parts of the product are interconnected using threads and glue. The shape of the figure often resembles a large ball. This species was often used to decorate the entrance to the temple.

Paper cranes

It is a classic kind of origami. The legend goes among the people that if you make a thousand cranes, then what your heart wants will come true.

We will consider in detail how to make this wonderful figure.

By bending the sheet diagonally, we cut off the unnecessary paper so that a sheet resembling a triangle remains.
Bend again. There must be 2 triangles. From the resulting triangle, straightening make a square. We are doing the same procedure and, on the other hand.
We hold so that the edges are on top, and bend them strictly to the center.
The upper triangle is also bent. And immediately straighten the fold, we get a contour.
The one below the rest is bent horizontally.
We make a rhombus (we smooth the edges to the center of the side). We are doing the same maneuvers on the other side.
To form the neck, we take the lower part and begin to bend where the inner contour is. In the same way we make a crane tail.
Where the neck is, the beginning is bent, so we get a beak.
Fold his wings, using the bend at a small angle.

If desired, the crane can be painted or immediately take colored paper. Origami crane is ready.

Rose origami technique

More attractive and easy for most beginners and for origami masters are origami flowers. A common figure is a paper rose.

Consider the step-by-step instructions and photos of this origami:

We take colored paper, preferably red, fold in half, then again.
Open the layer of paper at the top so that we get a bloated top.
Turn over to the other side, and repeat the action that is described in the previous paragraph.
Take the corners and bend them to the upper corner.
The triangle that soon turned out is bent in half, until a contour appears.
We open the triangle by pulling both corners down.
Holding the pockets at the top, bend down.
We carry out points 4 through 7 on the other side.
We make a bend of the upper corner.
We unfold the lower part like a book.
We bulge so that we get 2 triangles.
Turn the product over.
The lower right square is gently bent from the upper to the lower edge (strictly diagonally).
Turning 180̊ and doing 13 points.
We grab the origami walls with our fingers, and do not be afraid to rotate 360̊ until we see the resulting petals.

Paper swan

This technique is more complicated than the rest as it uses the modular origami method. In order to make a volume swan, you need:

Make approximately 460 triangles with white paper and 1 red for the beak.
We insert the corners of two triangles into the pocket of the third.
We add two more. We put all the corners in a pocket.
We make three such rows. You need to take about 30 modules for each row. Close the circle.
We insert the blanks for the next two rows.
We press the center so that it slowly turns out.
With all this, we wrap the edges up.
We make the ranks further, but do not forget about the checkerboard order of the modules.
In row 7 we make modules for wings. We plant 12 blanks, making a pass for 2 corners, we attach another same number of blanks. On the left places we make a swan tail and neck.
In the 8th row for wings, the number of blanks becomes 1 less.
We do this with subsequent rows, until 1 module remains in the last row.
The tail is made by reducing one blank in each row.
We collect the neck from 10-12 modules, and the head from one red blank. Create a neck, gradually arching it.
When the neck is ready, we collect it together with the body together.

DIY origami photo

Note!

Origami (translated from Japanese as “folded paper”) is an ancient art of folding various shapes from paper without the use of scissors and glue. There are many versions of exactly where the origami technique originated. Presumably in ancient China, where paper was invented, but it can be said for sure that it developed and became a whole art form in Japan.

Since ancient times, origami played a very different role in the life of the Japanese, at first it was used as decoration of wedding ceremonies and ritual processions. For a long time, representatives of only the upper classes owned the paper folding technique. And only after the Second World War, origami went beyond the East and became available to everyone.

In different countries, the origami technique has acquired different meanings: for the Japanese it has become part of the cultural tradition, for the British and Americans - a type of club activity, for the Dutch - the culture of interior decorations.

In Russia, origami has found application in the field of education and leisure. Folding out of paper not only develops the cerebral hemispheres and fine motor skills, but also has a beneficial effect on the human psyche. Origami promotes concentration, develops memory and imagination.

There are various types of origami that have their own special names.

Types of Origami

Simple origami. This technique uses only two folds called “mountain” and “valley”.

Sweep origami. It is a drawing in which all the lines of the necessary folds are already applied. During assembly, a volumetric and very realistic model is obtained. More often this technique is used when creating animal figures.

Wet Origami. The youngest technology, it appeared a little over 20 years ago. Using wet origami, you can mold almost any shape out of paper. But special paper is used, impregnated with glue.

Quilling or paper rolling. This is a fairly simple but time-consuming technique. Geometric shapes are created from thin twisted strips of paper, they are glued to the edge of the paper to the base, and a whole picture is obtained.

Kirigama. This is the only technique that uses scissors. Made for cards with volumetric elements.

Monegami. Origami made up of banknotes.

It consists of several identical figures called modules. These modules come in various shapes: square, rectangular, triangular. It is assembled without the use of glue or threads.

Kusudama. This is a three-dimensional figure of a spherical shape. As a rule, it consists of several modules that are glued together, and more often stitched together in the shape of a ball. Initially, it was of ritual significance, however, in our time it is a souvenir and interior decoration.

The basics of modular origami technique

In this article, I suggest you master the main element of modular origami, from which later you can create a variety of figures and models of varying complexity.

Sometimes the modular origami technique is mistakenly classified as the kusudama technique, but this is not true because the kusudama elements are stitched or glued together, and in the modular origami they are inserted into each other without the use of fasteners. Thus, you can create modular figures without any glue, having only paper on hand.

Let's try to learn how to fold the modules from which a spherical flower of kusudama is formed.

Triangle module assembly diagram

Modules are made from a rectangular sheet (A4 sheet is perfect).

Memo: for modular origami it is better to choose a fairly thick paper.

We bend a leaf along half.

We bend again in half, but already across (this bend is necessary to outline the middle, so after bending, we bend back).

In the middle you can see the fold line, which we will focus on.

Now, according to the principle, we bend the edges of the sheet to the outlined middle at a right angle, like the wings of a paper airplane.

Turn the leaf over and bend up the lower part along the edge of the triangle.

We bend corners beyond the borders of a large triangle.

We unbend the lower part back, leaving the corners bent.

We fold the corners inward so that they are not visible, and we bend the trapezoidal parts up.

Now we fold this triangle in half. We got the source module.

To fold a flower, we need corners and pockets.

A pocket is the same corner, only from the back. On the other side of the corner, there were pockets into which the corners will be inserted. Any figure in the Kusudama technique is made up of triangular modules that are inserted into each other.

Each row is assembled using two corners (one corner from two different modules) placed in the pockets of the third module.

Also in the circuit there is a doubling of the modules (to give the shape of a ball), for this only one corner is placed in the third module, and the second pocket remains empty.

And in the next row, the module is worn as usual on the corners of two different modules.

By adding modules in a row in this way, you can get a spherical shape, from which, in turn, you can add a variety of figures, for example, a swan, a dragon, etc., which will be discussed in more detail in the following master classes.

There are several types of origami, varying in complexity and technique. If you first decided to do this type of art, start with the simplest figures of classical origami: a tulip, a crane, a dog, a whale, etc. Crafts made in classical technique do not require a lot of time. The main thing is to strictly follow the instructions, folding the paper strictly according to the scheme, such schemes can be easily found on the Internet.

Samples of simple figures

Modular origami

Having mastered the classic technique, you can proceed to modular origami. The fundamental differences between these techniques are that the classic figures are flat and are made up of a single sheet of paper, and to create a modular origami you will need a certain amount of identical paper parts (modules) that are inserted into each other, turning into a three-dimensional figure.

Samples of classic modular origami

Modular (volumetric) origami is more complex and time-consuming, but in this technique you can create whole paper sculptures, as well as various useful objects that can be used in everyday life and presented as a gift: boxes, coasters for small items, caskets, vases.

Samples of modular origami: classic (left) and kusudama (middle and right)

Kusudama - a kind of modular origami

One of the varieties of modular origami is the kusudama technique - the folding of a certain number of paper cone-shaped elements of spherical shapes. Many origamists consider kusudama to be a fundamentally different technique, since the stitching of parts is most often used to make and assemble figures. Having mastered kusudama, you can decorate your home with fantastically beautiful floral arrangements, looking at which it is difficult to believe that they are made of paper.

Kusudama Samples

Paper for figures, or what origami is made of

There is a special paper for creating origami figures, but any other paper can be used, the main thing is that it be thick enough, for example, office paper (color sheets for Xerox or sets of blocks for recordings) is suitable. The size of the finished product will depend on the number and size of the modules.

Origami is a very convenient hobby, it does not require special facilities, equipment, devices, and at the minimum cost of materials it allows you to create beautiful things and get great pleasure from creativity.