The bus is a rare but necessary profession. Mobile sanitary and hygienic complex. "Small" with comfort and in any situation

When deciding whether to buy a motor home (motorhome or trailer), the buyer is likely to compare characteristics such as price, quality, reliability, and more. It is unlikely that someone will choose a trailer or a motorhome, depending on which toilet the manufacturer puts in the camper. Many, but not all. It turns out that for some caravaners, the price of their own peace of mind and comfort in the washroom is too high.
However, for the most part, which toilet is worth and a camper for a caravanner is not important. Nevertheless, comparing several models of toilets can give very interesting results and, perhaps, tomorrow you will start thinking about changing seats.

Many people think that ThetfordIs the only manufacturer of dry closets. This is not true. Dometic entered the dry closet market. Well, let's check and see which of the two manufacturers does their job better. For comparison, we took three of the most popular toilets that manufacturers put in campers. These are Thetford C-250, Thetford C-402 and Dometic's CTS 3110. So, the monopolist in the market - Thetford company versus the strong manufacturer of accessories and equipment for caravanning, Dometic. Who knows, perhaps when choosing a caravan next time we will take a closer look at the toilet room.

The principle of functioning of dry closets

So, the principle of operation is the same for all cassette toilets. Toilet bowl biocapsule(also often called a cassette) is located under the toilet seat. All waste gets into the biocapsule. Special blades at the bottom of the toilet bowl prevent the spread of odors and also open and close access to the dry closet cassette.

Have Thetford a swiveling toilet (model C-250); and a bench-style toilet (model C-402). Dometic only presents a toilet with a swivel seat. Dometic CTS 3000 models are equipped with an additional waste tank, which will be integrated into the toilet bowl in the future (the toilet bowl). All three models are currently new to the market. Optionally, each of the toilet models can be installed in almost any mobile home.

No matter how and how often will be used dry closet in a camper, it must be hygienic (easy to clean) and comfortable. Thus, the height of the seat, the shape and size of the toilet bowl are just as important as the ability to drain and conveniently clean the biocapsule. The standard toilet is a deep bowl toilet. This one stands at every home. RV toilet manufacturers strive to meet these standards. But there are size restrictions for toilets that are installed in motorhomes.

Compare tanks for draining in dry closets

All three test toilets have a flush water supply powered by an electric pump. Note that the drain tank must be filled with water before use. In the model C-402 from Thetfordthe volume of this tank is 15 liters, in C-250 only eight... This tank can only be three-quarters full. The water mark that can be filled into the tank is well below the highest level in the tank. Since in Dometic CTS 3110water was collected in a temporary tank, no assessment can be made.

Checking the tightness of a dry closet in a motorhome

To check the tightness with a closed and open valve at the bottom of the toilet bowl, the toilet was filled with water with the valve closed. All three models passed the test. The only thing is that the Dometic CTS 3110 has to be closed with a little more force.
The toilet flap in the Thetford C 250 is on the right and opens quite easily. Less conveniently, the latch is located in the C 402 toilet bowl, since it is located between the legs of the person sitting. Dometic CTS 3110, it seems to me, loses in this parameter, since the latch handle is between the legs of the sitting person.

Drainage system in dry closets Dometic and Tethford

After the waste enters the tank, a splash will definitely follow.
According to the test results, it turned out the following:
a) In Thetford C 250, only the left side of the toilet bowl remains dry.
But in Thetford C 402, the water splash is significant. In Thetford, there are nozzles on the side under the seat. Water is supplied through these nozzles and, thanks to the channel on the edge of the toilet bowl, a small whirlpool is created when draining. b) in the C-250 from Thetford, the discharge follows the same principle. While the water supply is concentrated at the back of the bowl in the center, the water is distributed in all directions. The Dometic CTS 3110 is drained in a slightly different way. There are many small nozzles under the seat, from which water flows. Because these rivulets are weak enough, the bowl walls of the CTS 3110 are steeper than those of the Thetford models.

The test also showed flush qualitysignificantly improved if the toilet bowl is wetted before use. Also, the flush quality is better if you use appropriate flush products. In this test, the Thetford C-250 gets the highest score. Even after several attempts, the flush quality did not change and remained at a high level. The ratio of the water flow and the amount of flushing water is correct. The CTS 3110 did not score highly for this parameter due to poor flush performance. Neither the ceramic coating of the bowl nor the steep walls helped. Also, the drain on the Thetford C-402 leaves a lot to be desired.

Toilet seat cover

The clear advantage is that Dometic covers the toilet bowl with porcelain. This makes the toilet more resistant to dirt and damage. However, the weight of such a toilet increases to 12.4 kg. For example, Thetford C-250 weighs 8.9 kg and the C-402 weighs 8.8 kg.

We decided to compare how easy or difficult it is to open the toilet lid. The Thetford C-402 and Dometic CTS 3110 lid can be easily opened without touching the toilet seat. You have to touch the toilet seat to open the cover of the C-250.

Seating comfort

Sitting comfort is just as important as drain quality and water splash. Therefore, it was decided to "sit" on the three test toilets properly.

In addition to the personal feelings of the experimenters, when deciding on the convenience of a particular model, the size of the toilet bowls was taken into account. The seat height of Thetford C-402 was 47 cm. The Thetford C-250 was a little lower - 46.5 cm. The Dometic CTS 3110 height was 51.5 cm. The total height of the toilet seat depends on whether the shower is installed or not (shower booth).

The task of those who tested was to feel at home on the tested toilet. Dometic CTS 3110 is the most comfortable toilet. He received this mark for a wide seat. The C-402 was found to be less comfortable due to its narrow seat. Some experimenters even thought that the C-402 model was less stable than others.

Especially men criticized all three models for the lack of a notch or internal volume for the male structure. In this sense, the CTS 3110 toilet was the most suitable for men.

Toilet biocapsule cleaning

Users of all three toilets can always know for sure biocapsule filling level... This is reflected in a special indicator. In all three toilets, the biocapsule can be easily removed. Outside the trailer or RV is a door that can be opened to easily remove the capsule. The Thetford cassette is removed without any problem at all. But with Dometic you have to tinker a little, but this is only the first time.

All cassettes are equipped with two wheels and a folding handle, which greatly simplifies the transportation of biocapsules. The Dometic cassette has very good dimensions but very small wheels. Thanks to the wide, U-shaped handle, the cassette does not collapse during transport.

The Thetford C-250 cassette can be pulled to the desired location. If you have to carry the capsule not on asphalt, but, for example, on pebbles or grass (such a surface is not uncommon for camping), the "suitcase" will become less stable. The long, narrow cassette of the third bench-like toilet test scored the highest score on this test for large wheels and a stable handle.

Biocapsule volume

Biocapsules also vary in volume. Dometic biocapsule volumeis 19 liters. Thetford C-402 - 19.3 liters. Testing has shown that Dometik does not cheat and the volume of the cassette corresponds to the declared one. Whereas Thetford Biocapsules are smaller than indicated. Initially

0.3 liters seems to be a critical difference for the contestants. In practice, it turns out that Thetford only holds 17.5 liters.

Cleaning the toilet biocapsule is always the same. The biocapsule is removed. Next, the lid is unscrewed and the waste is poured into a specially designated place for this. The C-402 is not that difficult to clean due to its elongated cassette shape. The Dometic cassette is much easier to clean, as the handle is strong enough to hold the biocapsule directly by the handle during cleaning.

Toilet cleaning

All three toilets are very easy to clean. There are special cleaning agents for plastic models. The CTS 3110 benefits not only in the porcelain coating, but also in the rinse nozzles. The C-250 is the most difficult to clean due to the structure of the toilet bowl.

A comparison of the three models showed that Dometic had not invented something completely new with the CTS 3110. But it did provide a good alternative solution. And even if buyers of new homes have wheels x will not be able to choose a toilet, hopefully they will benefit from the comparison presented. And by the way, the representatives of Thetford company said that, perhaps, a serious competitor to porcelain Domestic will soon appear on the market.

Many people now have cars, and in big cities, almost every second resident considers the purchase of a car a necessity. As a result, the number of traffic jams on city streets is constantly increasing, and the time that capital residents and residents of cities with state significance spend on traffic jams is also increasing. The city authorities are solving this problem little by little, but there is a problem associated with this.

Why

In every large city (and especially in megalopolises) there is such a disadvantage that it is not very convenient to talk about. However, getting rid of this disadvantage always has a chance to become a great way to make money, while helping the city. In this article, we will talk about paid toilets, but not ordinary ones, but mobile ones. Recently, entrepreneurs in Moscow and several other large cities have been very active in opening various projects related to traffic jams.

Trade in fresh newspapers and snack bars on wheels, as well as unique baths on wheels, are now working, not so long ago they began to sell audiobooks in traffic jams, but the most important thing is still not enough to create a toilet on wheels. This business has only recently begun to be mastered, therefore the competition here is quite low and this business will certainly become successful, since in a long traffic jam there will certainly be many who want to go out of necessity, since this desire, unlike hunger or boredom, is extremely problematic to overcome. But the business of arranging mobile toilets, of course, is better suited for large and densely populated cities, where it will become more in demand than in the outback.

History

Belgian Marc Callant came up with the idea to adapt a box with a toilet to his own car. The toilet stall has two compartments: the actual toilet on wheels and a waiting room. It is also possible to wash your hands, which favorably distinguishes the device from most familiar dry closets.

Of course, this is only development so far. The price of such a box may well be about six thousand euros.
Not so long ago, a businessman opened a mobile toilet, having converted an Oka car for these purposes. The design of the mobile toilet is patented by the developers. It is a self-contained device that is suitable for all seasons and can fit almost anywhere and extremely quickly move literally anywhere in the city. A toilet on wheels can be used not only in traffic jams, but also, for example, at public events, and also sent to order, for example, for corporate parties or picnics in nature. Pretty practical, isn't it?

Sometimes a car has to do such unusual work that it is even difficult to imagine. Everyone is accustomed to mobile X-ray and dental offices, mobile TV studios, car dealerships, etc., but the order of the St. Petersburg City Hall, which was carried out by the employees of the bus branch of the Minsk Automobile Plant, caused at least a confused smile with its unusualness.

And the story is ...

For a year from a little up to the 300th anniversary of the "city of Petrov", the administration of St. Petersburg turned to AMAZ with a very exotic order - to manufacture on the basis of a Minsk bus ... a mobile public toilet!

In anticipation of the upcoming celebrations, and therefore a huge number of guests on the streets and in places of mass festivities, the mayor's office could not help but wonder how to satisfy a natural human need. Experts of city utilities have come to the conclusion that the "capacity" of public toilets available in the city is clearly not enough for the expected influx of city guests, albeit a short-term one. In this regard, it was decided to install additional stationary dry closets. However, having calculated how much this method of solving the problem would cost the taxpayer, the city administration abandoned this idea. And then another option was found: if we make the toilets mobile, for example, on the basis of a bus, then they will be needed much less. Such a mobile complex can be deployed in a matter of minutes to wherever it is most needed at the moment.

It was with this delicate request that the people of St. Petersburg turned to the Minsk bus builders. It should be noted that Belarusian buses are well known in the Northern capital and are popular due to their reliability and reasonable price. The order was so unusual that the Minskers at first refused it. There was even an opinion that the production of this kind of vehicles would damage the image of a reputable enterprise no less, but the management of the branch and its director Gennady Sinegovsky decided to take the risk. By the way, when the developers studied the information available on this topic, it was found that in the 1960s, similar sanitary auto complexes made on the platform of Czech koda buses were successfully operating in the city on the Neva.

Specificity obliges

The principle of operation of such sanitary vehicles is not complicated and consists in the following: the bus drives up to the service point, where there is a well with access to a fire hydrant and a sewer drain (there are plenty of such places in any city). In the machine, in the lower part of the body, there are two couplings - for the hoses for supplying cold water and for removing feces into the sewer. After emptying the storage tank and rinsing it, the plumber bus is ready to receive a new batch of customers.

As a base model, the developers chose the low-floor city bus MAZ-103, equipped with a pneumatic kneeling system (tilt of the bus body). It was the "low-floor" in all respects that approached the customer's requirements, and one of the main conditions was the ability to service the disabled. Already a few months after the start of work, the Minskers manufactured two experimental self-propelled sanitary and hygienic complexes, which received the factory index MAZ-163. The doors of toilet cubicles and interior partitions were manufactured at the MAZ-Kupava plant, which specializes in the manufacture of plastic panels and insulated bodies. The supply of fresh air and ventilation of the passenger compartment was provided by three powerful electric fans. The drive for opening the entrance doors was controlled by duplicated buttons both from the driver's seat and from the cashier's seat. There were booths specially designed for disabled people. A special entry-exit was made for their wheelchairs.

If there were no special problems with the choice of the base model, then the layout of the cabin and the layout of the equipment in it caused a heated debate among the developers. Several options were worked out, of which two were chosen, which received conditional indices in the form of the Latin letters M (man - "male") and W (woman - "female"). The first option was completed with three toilets and five urinals, the second option - six toilets. Both models were fitted with two washbasins.

Representatives of the leadership of St. Petersburg, headed by the mayor A. Yakovlev, liked the first presented samples of MAZ-163 so much that twelve more "toilets on wheels" were immediately ordered. True, the first copies had Finnish plumbing, and the subsequent ones, in order to reduce the cost, were Russian-made.

The order was completed on time and with high quality. As a result, all fourteen cars, at the request of the buyer - the St. Petersburg Vodokanal - painted in corporate blue and white tones, successfully worked during the celebration of the anniversary of the city on the Neva. They can still be seen on the streets during festivities.

It remains to add that the development of Minsk bus manufacturers is protected by patents for a useful model in the Republic of Belarus and in Russia.

Making a mobile home with your own hands is not a very difficult task for any master. The design, in the course of construction, will be improved and because of this, the production time may be delayed. To prevent such a situation, it is necessary to think over the interior design in advance, to get rid of unsuitable elements. This approach is important when converting small vehicles when assembling a RV, for example from an old trailer.

A mobile home is a type of transport that is both housing and a means of transportation. This kind of housing gained its popularity at the beginning of the last century.

RV device

By standards, a mobile home should accommodate eight people. Each tenant has his own sleeping place, there is also a small kitchen. Other amenities and equipment may vary from model to model, but in most cases there are also:

In more expensive models there is a bathroom, consisting of (often replacing a chair, which gives several additional meters of free space), a washbasin and a shower. Sometimes mobile homes are equipped with showers.

Note! In a motorhome, the driver's and passenger's seats are movable, as a result of which they turn into an addition to the living space during parking. At the tail end, there is often a separate room with U-shaped furniture.

History

Serial production of mobile homes began in the last century, although some historians believe there were earlier homemade counterparts. They were small vans equipped to accommodate people (mainly herders).

The first mobile home mounted on a conventional car chassis was introduced in 1938 by Jennings.

Varieties of mobile homes

There are several classifications of motorhomes. So, according to the design features, they are distinguished:

Depending on their purpose, they are divided into:

those that are used as long-term / permanent housing;
those that are used for travel.

In the first case, more comfortable conditions take place, while often moving structures are extremely rarely divided into their own living space and a cabin.

About the name

The term "motorhome" (another name is "camper") often means a car caravan.

Note! Campers are called B- and C-class trailers, while mobile homes are exclusively A-class models.

It is also worth noting that in some countries, without exception, motorhomes are called vinebago.

It will take a lot of effort and time, as well as the appropriate equipment, to turn a car into a mobile home.

Note! First, you should study this issue from the point of view of legislation. Self-made RVs are perceived differently by different registering organizations, and it will be frustrating if transport ends up being illegal.

Stage 1. First, the number of residents is determined and, based on this, a vehicle and internal "filling" are selected. A detailed design plan is drawn up - this can be done on paper, but it is better to use a computer.

Stage 2. Next, the car body is cleaned. If dents have been identified, they are removed and the peeling paint is peeled off. Several windows (if there were none) in the case are equipped for lighting and fresh air supply.

Step 3. Cut vents and valves for gas supply. All areas of "bare" metal are coated with a primer to protect against corrosion and aggressive environmental influences.

Stage 4. The house is finished with heat-insulating material.

Note! To do this, you need to use exclusively high-quality materials, it is extremely undesirable to save money. In addition, the material from which the hardware (metal fasteners) is made should be similar to the metal of the car body - this is for additional protection against rusting.

Stage 5. The interior of the motorhome is finished.

carpet covering;
moisture resistant plywood.

Thick panels with stuffed strips for furniture installation are inserted into the side walls. It is characteristic that at first it is better to align the ceiling, and only after that move on to the walls.

Step 6. After installing the furniture, you should take care of the water supply. To do this, you can install several canisters of water under the sink and install small pumps. In addition, large tanks can be installed - for example, for taking a shower.

Note! Do not forget about waste water - another tank is installed for this. A regular garden structure can be used as a toilet.

Step 7. For cooking and heating, as noted earlier, it is better to use propane gas. The balloon is located in the lower part of the body, as well as an additional vent for ventilation. This can be explained quite simply: the weight of propane is greater than that of air, so in the event of a leak, such safety measures will prevent unfortunate consequences.

Stage 8. It remains only to take care of the power supply. The best option is a powerful rechargeable battery equipped with an external charging outlet.

Mobile home from an old trailer

Our trailer-trailer costs about 500,000 rubles. The amount is impressive, so if there is an opportunity to purchase an old car trailer, then you can build a small motorhome with your own hands. This will require:

trailer (always with a strong chassis);
wooden elements (slats, bars, wagon boards);
plywood;
metal profile (for the roof);
fittings made in the same style;
a set of appropriate tools.

Manufacturing technology

Such a motorhome will be a trailer with a rear end. By the way, it is better to make the bed for the entire width of the structure - this way it will connect the side walls and thereby increase the rigidity. The bay window will be manufactured later and equipped with an individual unit. The door is installed in the Dutch type - it will consist of two halves.

Stage 1. The trailer is disassembled, the chassis is thoroughly cleaned and covered with anti-corrosion paint. A frame is constructed from pine boards, props are cut in the appropriate places.

Stage 2. A frame is constructed from slats with a section of 2x2 cm, an oak strip with a section of 3x3 cm is additionally installed in each corner. Above, the frame is tied with a horizontal strip.

Note! For thermal insulation, you can lay the lining in two layers.

Stage 3. The floor is covered with plywood sheets. For the roof, poplar beams are used - they are screwed along the frame with a step of 30 cm. Plywood is fixed on the beams, on top of which a moisture-resistant material and a small-section metal profile are spread.

Stage 4. There will be only one window in the body (if the door is not taken into account) - in the upper part of the back wall. It is desirable to make the window in the form of a bay window.

The door lock in such structures is located at the bottom, but you can put another one - additional - at the top. In addition, the door is equipped with a small casement window.

Stage 5. It is recommended to equip a table that can be pulled out from under the bed (as was once the case in Great Britain trains). For this, special lockers are formed under the bed. By the way, the lower space can also be used as a sleeping place.

In addition, shelves and a removable staircase are built from wood.

Letter of the law

No additional permission is required if the motorhome dimensions do not exceed:

400 cm high;
255 cm wide;
100 cm in length (excluding the part that does not protrude beyond the trailer).

If the dimensions are larger, then the motorhome is transported according to special rules (flashing lights, escort, etc.). Of course, this only applies to trailers.

Business organization on mobile homes

You can organize your own business on the construction of motorhomes. There are four options for developing such a business.

Option number 1. Manufacturing of houses for sale for summer holidays or residence in the country. This will not require serious material costs, since the houses will be of a simplified design - for example, without insulation.

Option number 2. Rent out mobile homes. This is a relatively new business, and everything new can be very expensive. The number of motorhomes in this case is growing as the customer base grows.

Option number 3. Making mobile eateries or convenience stores.

Option number 4. He's the most interesting. It consists in the creation of a car park and its further use as a hotel. The main thing here is to divide the trailers into budget, premium and middle class.

For a more detailed acquaintance with the construction technology, check out the thematic video.

Video - DIY home on wheels

TOP 10 best motorhomes

	Name	Rating
Top 5 best motorhomes
#1		⭐ 100 / 100
#2		⭐ 99 / 100
#3		⭐ 98 / 100 3 - voices
#4	POSSL ROADCRUISER	⭐ 96 / 100 4 - voices
#5	Motorhome KAMAZ 43118	⭐ 90 / 100 2 - voices
Top 5 best Fleetwood mobile homes
#1	Fleetwood RV Jamboree Sport	⭐ 100 / 100 1 - voice
#2	Fleetwood RV Tioga Ranger DSL	⭐ 99 / 100
#3	Fleetwood rv storm	⭐ 98 / 100
#4	Fleetwood rv bounder	⭐ 97 / 100 1 - voice
#5	Fleetwood RV Discovery	⭐ 96 / 100 3 - voices

This real palace on wheels is based on MAN. The length of the motorhome is almost 9.5 meters, which requires unconditional skills from the driver to drive cars of this class. Everything here is subordinated to the main thing - the maximum comfort of passengers. The interior is designed in the style of luxury yachts - the elegant narrow doors of the numerous cabinets suspended from the ceiling contrast with the high-quality leather upholstery of the sofas and armchairs in the living area. Each lamp, each, even the smallest, interior detail (curtains, for example) fills the space with luxury and splendor.

Specifications:

the most luxurious mobile home;
spacious bathroom;
average price: 23,602,000 rubles.

The base of the camper was created on the basis of the Fiat Ducato truck, as a result of which the car has good handling and stability on the road - the windage of the camper does not exceed the permissible values \u200b\u200bfor this chassis. A spacious and bright mobile home for four people. Light enters not only through the side windows (all are equipped with curtain systems, including the windscreen), but also through the transparent sunroof located in the front of the camper. Expensive and sophisticated interior furnishings accentuate the interior space, while the swivel seats for the driver and passenger make the living area huge by integrating with the cockpit.

Specifications:

better comfort;
country of origin: Germany;
average price: 13,367,000 rubles.

The motorhome is based on the Mercedes Sprinter 316 CDI and has all the capabilities of this reliable and trouble-free vehicle. And if from the outside the integrated camper does not stand out in any way, it can easily get lost in city traffic, then inside it is a real compact house for 4 people. One drop-down bed is located above the driver's seat and the other two are at the back of the house, behind the toilet and shower. It is noteworthy that these two beds can be transformed into one huge one for the greatest comfort.

Specifications:

unique body protection;
large luggage compartment;
country of origin: Germany;
average price: 9 176 188 rub.

MERCEDES 308D converted for use as a special vehicle - mobile toilet.

The van body is divided into 2 compartments by a solid rigid partition. Additional equipment was installed according to the diagram Figure 1.

Interior layout Mercedes Benz Special - "mobile toilet"

The first compartment contains tanks: a clean water tank, a service water tank and a waste water tank. The waste water tank forms the floor surface.

In the second compartment there are 2 cabins, separated by a solid partition. The entrance to the cabins is through swing doors. Each cubicle has a toilet, washstand and hand dryer.

Installed electrical wiring, interior lighting and ventilation, designed to be connected to an external 220V power source. On the right wall of the body-van there is a waterproof socket for connecting an external power source (220 V).

The design and installation of non-standard electrical devices and sources of increased voltage was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14254 in relation to the protection of personnel from contact with live parts of the equipment. The electrical equipment of a standard car is not designed for increased voltage and current consumption.

All additional equipment installed in the van is securely fastened.

All actions due to the functional purpose are carried out only in the stationary state of the vehicle. The presence of people during the movement of the car in all compartments, except for the cab, is not allowed.