Electronic textbooks on the Russian language. Examples of essays on the topic: Kindness and cruelty Why others are so cruel

What's happeneddevotion ? Loyalty is the willingness to sacrifice something for the sake of something, the ability in any situation to remain faithful to something or someone, be it an idea or a person. I will try to justify my definition of this ethical concept.

As the first argumentthe correctness of the thesis expressedYou can quote sentence 15 from the text by V.V. Chaplina. It describes Wolverine's devotion to maternal duty - protecting her children. As soon as her cubs were in danger, she, no matter what, rushed to protect her offspring.

As a second argument confirming my point of view, I will give an example from my life experience. I know two friends. They served together during the war in Chechnya. One day, during a retreat, one of his comrades was wounded. He could not move and remained to cover the withdrawal of our troops. Suddenly his friend lies down next to him and says: “Russians don’t abandon their own!” This is true devotion: despite the threat to your own life, remain faithful to your friend, do not abandon him in difficult times.

I think that by presenting two arguments, I have proven my understanding of the word “devotion”. It's a shame it's rare these days. (Belov Nikita)

Essay 15.3.

I guess, thatfriendship is a relationship between people based on trust, sincerity, and self-sacrifice. I will prove this using the text offered to us for analysis and my life experience.

For example, in the work of Rosa Gosman we are talking about the friendship of two girls: Olga and Elena. Olya writes poetry. She herself understands that they are not very good (1). However, Lena always praises them (13). But the friend is insincere: she flatters Olya, and laughs at her behind her back (19-21). Therefore, when Olya finds out the truth, the girls quarrel. In this situation, Olya behaves very generously: she forgives Lena, and she, having received a good lesson, changed her attitude towards Olya’s hobby, and the girls renewed their friendship (45-50).

In addition, I want to give an example from my life. My friend always helps me, keeps secrets and supports me in all my endeavors. I also try to answer her in the same way. That's why I consider her a true friend.

Thus, I proved that friendship is built on understanding and trust. The role of friendship is enormous in today’s world, because it’s good to know that you have someone to rely on in difficult times.

(Ekaterina Listishenkova)

Essay 15.3.

I know thatfriendship is a relationship between people based on trust, sincerity, and self-sacrifice. I will prove this using the source text and my life experience.

The work of A. Ivanov gives an example of true friendship. Ovechkin was ready to sacrifice his own life to save his friends. He fearlessly jumped onto the tree trunk and began to chop it down (45-46). Ovechkin knew the risk he took, but did not stop, but completed his job (48-57).

In addition, I want to give an example from my life to support my point. When I had a problem in my life, about which I was very worried, my friend was there all the time, supporting and encouraging me. I thought that it was she who helped me forget that incident. I want to express my gratitude to her for this.

Thus, I proved that friendship really plays a big role in a person’s life, the whole world rests on it. (Ekaterina Listishenkova)

Option 1

Cruelty is a property of people who do not know pity or kindness. Hard-hearted people are unable to feel someone else’s pain or empathize with the sufferer.

So, the girls, classmates of Svetka Sergeeva, “didn’t even want to touch her,” despised her for her “only worn jeans.” They could not even imagine what Red could feel at that moment when Marinka Bykova disgustedly pushed her “bread with margarine and eggs to the side.”

Cruelty is also terrible because it has no boundaries. At a nearby school, three high school students beat a second-grader unconscious, who annoyed them with his thick glasses... Is there anything human left in these teenagers?

That’s why people like them are rightly called non-humans: people behave differently.

Option 2

Cruelty is a heartless, unkind, rude attitude towards people. A cruel person easily causes suffering to others, without thinking about how deeply he can hurt, how much he can offend.

That is why Zhenya’s act from E. Gabova’s story can be called cruel (sentences 31-34). If the boy had thought for a minute about Redhead’s feelings, he would have realized that she wanted to go to the lake no less than the other guys, that tricking her into staying on the shore at the last moment was inhumane, but he didn’t care. He just didn’t want to spoil his vacation with her “howling.”

I was also struck by the similar cruelty with which the schoolchildren in the film “Scarecrow” mocked their peer, Lena Bessoltseva, who took the blame for the cowardly Dimka Somov and thereby saved him from the reprisals of his classmates. As punishment, they insulted her, humiliated her, even beat her, considering themselves “fighters” for justice.

Yes, it is scary to become an object of bullying from your peers. It's scary to be different from everyone else. But it’s even more terrible to find yourself together with the soulless majority, because sooner or later a merciless conscience will wake up and it will not give you peace.

Option 3

Cruelty is a rude, inhumane, insulting attitude towards people. It is scary because it has many faces, from the cruelty of words to the cruelty of actions.

In the story by E. Gabova, Svetka Sergeeva was given a humiliating nickname by her classmates - Ryzhukha. They despised her not only for her appearance and high-pitched voice, but even for something that would have evoked compassion in a normal person - for her poverty (sentences 1, 4). And her classmates called her singing “howling,” and she herself, in their opinion, was a “stupid redhead.” The boys’ ruthlessness is also striking in the episode of expelling the girl from the ship (sentences 34-43). A whole class of soulless, cruel people! Is it possible that even when they become adults, they will remain the same?

I would like all people to understand that cruelty is unacceptable in human relationships.

Text for work

(I) We didn’t like Svetka Sergeeva because she was red-haired, freckled, with coarse hair the color of copper wire, and because her voice was terribly shrill. (2) Svetka lived with her mother and two sisters. (3) It was clear how they dressed - after all, they barely made ends meet. (4) But our girls did not take into account Redhead’s difficulties and did not even want to touch her, as if Svetka was a leper; they also despised her for her only worn jeans.

(5) We really loved going to the lake. (6) Zhenya and I fished all day long, but in the evening we were unable to fish because of Ryzhukha.

(7) In the evening Svetka takes a boat, rows it alone into the middle of the lake and begins to howl.

(Or rather, she sang, but we didn’t call it singing. (9) Ryzhukha’s high voice resounded far across the lake, and we stopped pecking...

(Yu) Ryzhuha howled for an hour and a half and, if it seemed to her that some song was not very successful, she started it again and again.

(II) “You stupid redhead,” Marinka Bykova curled her lips. (12) - Why is she messing around with us? (13) I would howl at home.

(15) For some reason, it never occurred to Zhenya and me to talk to Svetka like a human being, to ask her not to sing over the lake and not spoil the fishing. (16) Maybe she didn’t know what was bothering someone.

(17) On the day of the last exam, Ninka Pchyolkina arranged for those interested to register for the next trip.

(18) Zhenya approached Ryzhukha and said:

(19) - Redhead, do a good deed, huh? (20) Don’t go for a walk with us!

(21) “I’ll go with you,” said Redhead in a high, trembling voice, “but I’ll be separately.”

(22) Again, separately from everyone else, he will howl on the lake! (23) Zhenya walked away from Red and whispered to me:

(24) - I won’t let Redhead go on this trip, or I won’t be me.

(25) He looked triumphantly at Svetka, as if he had already fulfilled his promise...

(26) On a warm June day, we settled down on the deck of the ship. (27) The redhead was sitting on the edge of the bench, next to her there was empty space, because no one sat next to her.

(28) A minute before setting off, Zhenya approached Ryzhukha.

(29) - Is this your bag? - Zhenya asked and nodded at the antediluvian bag, which probably contained sandwiches with margarine and eggs.

(30) “Mine,” answered Svetka.

(31) - Hello hop! - Zhenya exclaimed, grabbing the bag, he ran along the deck with it, and we heard him shouting from the pier:

(32) - Hey, Red! (ZZ) There's where your purse is!

(34) Zhenya put his bag on the floor and rushed back.

(35) The redhead sat and sat, looking lost at the floor, then she jumped up and headed out: she probably felt sorry for the sandwiches. (Zb) I barely made it to the shore: the ship immediately set sail.

(37) Zhenya waves his hand at Svetka and yells:

(38) - Goodbye, Red! (39) You can’t go to the lake, you’re scaring away the fish!

(41) - Goodbye, friend!

(42) - We won’t see you again!

(43) And let’s praise Zhenya for what he did so cleverly with Ryzhukha...

(44) To be honest, I didn’t understand why the girls were happy. (45) After all, Ryzhukha was not with everyone else - it’s not for nothing that she is not in any photographs. (46) She wandered alone through the meadows, sat alone by the fire when everyone had already gone to their tents, ate what she took with her from home. (47) At the beginning of the campaign, she laid out her supplies on the common table, but Marinka Bykova disdainfully pushed her bread with margarine and eggs to the side...

(48) The ship hasn’t really left the city yet, and we’ve already forgotten about Ryzhukha. (49) Only at the evening dawn did I remember about her, and something unpleasant rushed into my heart. (50) But no one on the lake made any noise, the bite was excellent, and Zhenya was especially animated. (51) But this “something” prevented me from rejoicing...

(52) Red didn’t go to tenth grade. (53) The class teacher said that she entered the music school.

(54) And five years later I started studying at one of the St. Petersburg universities and met Natasha, who took me to the Mariinsky Theater to the opera.

(55) In the first minutes of the performance, a luxurious golden-haired beauty with the whitest skin and noble posture appeared on stage, and I could not take my eyes off her. (55) When she sang in a high, surprisingly familiar voice, I instantly broke out in a sweat.

(57) - Redhead! - I gasped. (58) - You understand, this is Ryzhukha! - I shout to Natasha in a whisper. (59) - She and I studied in the same class!

(60) - What are you saying?! - the friend was alarmed. (61) - Do you understand who this is? (62) This is our rising star!

(63) - What is her name? - I asked, hoping for something else.

(64) - Svetlana Sergeeva.

(65) I sat through the entire performance without moving, not understanding what was more in my heart - delight or shame.

(66) After the performance, Natasha suggested:

(67) - Maybe you’ll go backstage? (68) She will be pleased to see her classmate.

No, let’s do it another time,” I answered modestly.

The last thing I wanted was to meet Redhead face to face.

On the way, rather listlessly, I told Natasha about Svetka, about how she sang on the lake. (72) Now I didn’t say that she “howled.”

(73) - Wow! - Natasha was surprised. (74) - I studied in the same class with Sergeeva!

(76) I didn’t listen to her well: I thought that Svetka was not the red one. (77) Svetka turned out to be golden. (78) And we are red. (79) The whole class is red.

(49 words) In Turgenev’s story “Asya,” Gagin showed humanity when he took into his care his illegitimate sister. He called his friend for a frank conversation about Asya’s feelings. He understood that the hero would not marry her, and did not insist. The caring brother only tried to get out of the situation so that the girl would not be hurt.
(47 words) In Kuprin’s story “The Wonderful Doctor,” the hero saves an entire family from starvation. Doctor Pirogov accidentally meets Mertsalov and learns that his wife and children are slowly dying in a damp basement. Then the doctor gave them medicine and money. This act shows the highest manifestation of humanity - mercy.
(50 words) In Tvardovsky’s poem “Vasily Terkin” (chapter “Two Soldiers”), the hero consoles two old men and helps them with the housework. Although life is harder for him, because Vasily is fighting at the front, he does not complain or miss, but helps older people in word and deed. In war, he still remains a respectful and well-mannered person.
(48 words) In Sholokhov’s story “The Fate of a Man,” the hero is not likened to a cruel enemy, but remains the same kind and sympathetic Andrei Sokolov. After the trials of captivity and the loss of his family, he adopts an orphan and begins a new life. In this readiness to revive the peaceful sky above my head and in my soul, I see a manifestation of humanity.
(44 words) In Pushkin’s novel “The Captain’s Daughter,” Pugachev saves the life of his opponent for reasons of humanity. He sees that Peter is worthy of this mercy, because he is kind, brave and devoted to his fatherland. The chieftain judges fairly, giving credit even to the enemy. This skill is the characteristic of a decent person.
(42 words) In Gorky’s story “Chelkash” the thief turns out to be more humane than the peasant. Gavrila was ready to kill his accomplice for the sake of money, but Chelkash did not stoop to this baseness, even though he traded in theft. He throws his prey and leaves, since the main thing in a person is dignity.
(42 words) In Griboedov’s play “Woe from Wit,” Chatsky expresses his humanity when he stands up for the rights of serfs. He understands that owning people is immoral and cruel. In his monologue he denounces serfdom. It is because of such conscientious nobles that the situation of the common people will subsequently improve significantly.
(43 words) In Bulgakov’s story “The Heart of a Dog,” the professor makes a fateful decision for humanity: he stops his experiment, recognizing that we do not have the right to interfere so radically in the affairs of nature. He repented of his mistake and corrected it. His humanity is the suppression of pride for the sake of the common good.
(53 words) In Platonov’s work “Yushka,” the main character saved all his money to help an orphan get an education. His entourage did not know this, but regularly mocked the dumb victim. After his death, people found out why Yushka looked so bad and what he did with the pennies he earned. But it's' too late. But the memory of his humanity is alive in the heart of the blessed girl.
(57 words) In Pushkin’s story “The Station Warden,” Samson Vyrin treated everyone passing through as a human being, even though they took out all their anger on him. One day he sheltered a sick officer and treated him as best he could. But he responded with black ingratitude and took his daughter away, deceiving the old man. Thus, he deprived his sons of their grandfather. So humanity should be valued, not betrayed.

Examples from life, cinema, media

(48 words) Recently I read a whole article in the newspaper about how young people rescue girls in trouble. They rush to the aid of a stranger without expecting a reward. This is humanity in action. Criminals are put behind bars, but women remain alive, and all thanks to selfless intercessors.
(57 words) I can remember examples of humanity from my personal life. The teacher helped my friend get back on his feet. His mother drank, and his father was not there at all. The boy himself could have gone down the wrong path, but his class teacher found his grandmother and ensured that the student lived with her. Years have passed, but he still remembers and visits her.
(39 words) In my family, humanity is taken as a rule. My parents feed the birds in winter, donate money for operations for sick children, help an old neighbor with heavy bags and pay for utilities. When I grow up, I will also continue these glorious traditions.
(52 words) My grandmother taught me humanity since childhood. When people turned to her for help, she always did everything in her power. For example, she gave a job to a man without a fixed place of residence, thereby bringing him back to life. He was given official housing, and soon he was visiting his grandmother with gifts and gifts.
(57 words) I read in a magazine how a girl with a popular account on a social network posted an advertisement for a stranger there, where she was looking for a job. The woman was over 50, she was already desperate to find a place, when suddenly an excellent offer arrived. Thanks to this example, many people were inspired and began to do good deeds. This is true humanity, when a person changes society for the better.
(56 words) My older friend is studying at the institute, where he signed up for a volunteer club. He went to an orphanage and organized a matinee there in honor of the New Year. As a result, the abandoned children received gifts and performances, and my friend received indescribable emotions. I believe that in any university this is how people should be taught humanity, giving them a chance to prove themselves.
(44 words) In Steven Spielberg's film Schindler's List, the hero, despite the policies of Nazi Germany, recruits Jews, thereby saving them from martyrdom. His actions are guided by humanity, because he believes that all people are equal, everyone deserves to live, and no one can dispute this.
(47 words) In the film “Les Miserables” by Tom Hooper, the criminal and villain turns out to be a humane and merciful man who takes custody of an unknown orphan girl. He manages to raise a child and run from the police at the same time. For her sake, he takes mortal risks. Only man can achieve such selfless love.
(43 words) In Henry Hathaway's Call Northside 777, the innocent hero goes to prison. His mother tries in vain to find the real criminals. And the journalist completely disinterestedly decided to help her by getting involved in the investigation. In this case, he demonstrated his humanity, because he did not ignore someone else’s misfortune.
(44 words) My favorite actor Konstantin Khabensky spends most of his fees on charity. With these actions, he inspires viewers to act according to their conscience and help each other in trouble not only in word, but also in deed. I respect him immensely for this and believe that he is driven by his humanity.

A.S. Pushkin “Pushchina”

Friendship A.S. Pushkin and Ivan Pushchin.

When the poet was in exile in Mikhailovskoye, his lyceum friend Pushchin, without fear of punishment for violating the ban, visited Pushkin. Alexander Sergeevich was grateful to his friend for this last meeting, which was reflected in his poem “Pushchinu”

My friends, our union is wonderful!

He, like the soul, is indivisible and eternal...

A striking example to follow is the attitude of Wilhelm Küchelbecker towards his lyceum friend A.S. Pushkin. Kükhlya, as his comrades called him, understood the genius of the young poet like no one else and did not hide his sincere admiration for him. And A.S. Pushkin valued his comrade very highly.
"The Snow Queen" by Andersen. Gerda overcame many obstacles to save Kai.

In the story by V. Zheleznikov“Scarecrow” Lenka turns out to be betrayed by her friend. And such cases are not uncommon in people's lives. But not all people are able to survive this, although those who do cope with the situation will forever remember the bitterness and resentment. The “wind of the past” will “whip” them “in the face.” Lenka turned out to be a strong person, able to rise after such insult and humiliation, capable of remaining a merciful and devoted friend.

Let's remember another literary hero - Pechorin, to find a true friend who was also prevented by selfishness and indifference. This man was passionate only about himself, his own interests and experiments, so for him people were just means to achieve his goals.

The hero of the fairy tale by A. de Saint-Exupéry also needed a real friend. The little prince lived on his little planet and took care of the only close creature - the beautiful Rose. But Rosa was very capricious, her words often offended the baby, and this made him unhappy. But one day the Little Prince left his planet and went on a journey across the Universe in search of true friends.

Let us also remember one of A.S. Pushkin’s friends - V.A. Zhukovsky, who always came to the aid of the poet, even in the most difficult moments. For example, during the Mikhailovsky exile, Vasily Andreevich petitioned the court for the release of A.S. Pushkin, and in the 30s he tried to achieve reconciliation between his friend and the tsar, believing that this would benefit the poet. A.S. Pushkin saw this, appreciated and loved his elder friend, recognized him as his only adviser.

Here's another sad story about a lost friendship. One of A. Aleksin’s works tells about two friends, Lyusya and Olya, whose friendly relations were doomed because one of them, Lyusya, always showed concern for her friend, and the other did not. Even when Olenka had the opportunity to do something nice for Lucy, she did not consider it necessary to take advantage of it, which greatly offended her friend. Olya acted selfishly, she did not think about Lucy’s interests and desires, so their friendship came to an end.

Relationships between the main characters of the novel“” is a classic example of true friendship. D'Artagnan, Athos, Porthos and Aramis live by the motto: “One for all, all for one.” The heroes of the novel overcome all difficulties thanks to true friendship.

Option 1

Part 1

Part 2

(1) We didn’t like Svetka Sergeeva because she was red-haired and because her voice was terribly shrill. (2) Svetka lived with her mother and two sisters. (3) It was clear how they dressed - after all, they were barely making ends meet. (4) But our girls didn’t take Ryzhukha’s difficulties into account and also despised her for her only worn jeans. (5) We really loved going to the lake. (6) Zhenya and I fished all day long, but in the evening we were unable to fish because of Ryzhukha.

(7) In the evening Svetka takes a boat, rows it out into the middle of the lake and begins to howl.

(8) Or rather, she sang, but we didn’t call it singing. (9) Ryzhukha’s high-pitched voice was heard far across the lake, and we stopped pecking...

(10) Ryzhukha howled for an hour and a half.

(11) “You stupid redhead,” Marinka Bykova curled her lips. (12) - Why is she messing around with us? (13) I would howl at home.

(15) On the day of the last exam, Ninka Pchelkina arranged for those interested to register for the next trip.

(16) Zhenya came up to Ryzhukha and said:

(17) - Redhead, do a good deed, huh? (18) Don’t go for a walk with us!

(19) “I’ll go with you,” said Redhead in a high, trembling voice, “but I’ll be separately.”

(20) Again, separately from everyone else, he will howl on the lake! (21) Zhenya walked away from Red and whispered to me:

(22)—I won’t let Redhead go on this trip, or I won’t be me.

(23) He looked triumphantly at Svetka, as if he had already achieved his goal...

(24) On a warm June day, we settled down on the deck of the ship. (25) The redhead was sitting on the edge of the bench, next to her was an empty space.

(26) A minute before setting off, Zhenya approached Ryzhukha.

(27)—Is this your bag? - Zhenya asked and nodded at the antediluvian bag.

(28) “Mine,” answered Svetka.

(29)— Hello hop! - Zhenya exclaimed,cHe grabbed his bag and ran along the deck with it, and we heard him screaming from the pier. (30) - Hey, Red! (31) Look, where’s your purse?

(32) Zhenya put the bag on the floor and rushed back. (33) The redhead sat and sat, looking lost at the floor, then as soon as she jumped up, she headed for the exit. (34) I barely made it to the shore: the ship immediately set sail.

(35) Zhenya waves his hand at Svetka and yells:

(36)—Goodbye, Red! (37) You can’t go to the lake, you’re scaring away the fish!

(38) And the girls, let’s praise Zhenya for what he did so cleverly with Ryzhukha.

(39) To be honest, I didn’t understand why the girls were happy. (40) After all, Ryzhukha was never with everyone else - it’s not for nothing that she’s not in any photographs. (41) She wandered alone through the meadows, sat alone by the fire when everyone had already gone to their tents, ate what she took with her from home. (42) At the beginning of the campaign, she laid out her supplies on the common table, but Marinka Bykova disdainfully pushed her bread with margarine and eggs to the side...

(43) The ship hasn’t really left the city yet, and we’ve already forgotten about Ryzhukha...

(44) Red didn’t go to tenth grade. (45) The class teacher said that she entered a music school.

(46) And five years later I began studying at one of the St. Petersburg universities and met Natasha, who took me to the Mariinsky Theater to the opera.

47) In the first minutes of the performance, a luxurious golden-haired beauty with the whitest skin and noble posture appeared on stage, and I could not take my eyes off her. (48) When she sang in a high, surprisingly familiar voice, I instantly broke out in a sweat.

(49) - Redhead! - I gasped. (50) - We studied in the same class!

(51)—What are you saying?! (52) This is our rising star!

(53)—What’s her name? — I asked, hoping for something else.

(54)— Svetlana Sergeeva.

(55) I sat through the entire performance without moving, not understanding what was more in my heart - delight or shame.

(56) After the performance, Natasha suggested:

(57) — Maybe you’ll go backstage? (58) She will be pleased to see her classmate.

(59) “No, let’s do it another time,” I answered modestly.

(60) The last thing I wanted was to meet Redhead face to face.

(61) On the way, rather sluggishly, I told Natasha about Svetka, about how she sang on the lake. (62) Now I didn’t say that she “howled.”

(64) - Wow! - Natasha was surprised. (65) - I studied in the same class with Sergeeva!

(66) I didn’t listen to her well: I thought that Svetka was not a redhead. (67) Svetka turned out to be golden. (68) And we are red. (69) The whole class is red.

( According to E. Gabova)

Elena Vasilievna Gabova (Stolpovskaya) is a modern writer. For short stories and stories for children, she was awarded the title of laureate of the State Prize of the Komi Republic in the field of literature.

The answers to tasks 2-14 are a number, a sequence of numbers or a word (phrase), which should be written in the answer field in the text of the work.

2. Which answer option contains the information needed tojustification answer to the question: “Why didn’t the guys want to take Ryzhukha with them on a hike?”

1) ( 37) Ryzhukha’s high-pitched voice could be heard far across the lake, and our pecking stopped...

2) (40) After all, Ryzhukha was not with everyone else - it’s not for nothing that she is not in any photographs.

3) (3) It was clear how they dressed - after all, they were barely making ends meet.

4) 4) But our girls did not take Redhead’s difficulties into account and also despised her for her only worn jeans.

3. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech is

metaphor .

1 ) Svetka turned out to be golden.

2) On the way, rather sluggishly, I told Natasha about Svetka, about how she sang on the lake.

3) At the beginning of the campaign, she laid out her supplies on the common table, but Marinka Bykova disdainfully pushed her bread with margarine and eggs to the side...

4) The last thing I wanted was to meet Redhead face to face.