Height and weight are measured in a child almost immediately after birth, in the fifth minute from the moment of birth. These indicators are of primary importance for assessing the baby’s condition throughout the first year of life. Using the treasured numbers, doctors judge whether the baby is healthy and whether he is developing normally.
Average weights for children from 0 to 12 months
Normal weight indicators in infants under one year of age have a significant relationship with many factors. For example, this is the chosen method of feeding and further feeding the baby, the lifestyle of the parents, and even the geographical place of residence of the mother and baby. But despite all of the above, the medical community has developed a table with parameters as an example of the norm for most children under 12 months.
Boys weight chart
| Child's age | Boys | |
|---|---|---|
| Body mass | ||
| Average | Normal range | |
| 0 months | 3.5 kg | 3 – 4 kg |
| 1 month | 4.3 kg | 3.6 – 5 kg |
| 2 months | 5.3 kg | 4.5 – 6 kg |
| 3 months | 6.2 kg | 5.5 – 6.9 kg |
| 4 months | 6.9 kg | 6.1 – 7.7 kg |
| 5 months | 7.8 kg | 7 – 8.4 kg |
| 6 months | 8.7 kg | 7.9 – 8.9 kg |
| 7 months | 8.9 kg | 7.8 – 10.0 kg |
| 8 months | 9.3 kg | 8.2 – 10.4 kg |
| 9 months | 9.8 kg | 8,7 – 11,05 |
| 10 months | 10.3 kg | 9.2 – 11.5 kg |
| 11 months | 10.4 kg | 9.3 – 11.5 kg |
| 12 months | 10.8 kg | 9.4 – 11.9 kg |
Girls weight table
| Child's age | Girls | |
|---|---|---|
| Body mass | ||
| Average | Normal range | |
| 0 months | 3.3 kg | 2.8 – 3.8 kg |
| 1 month | 4.1 kg | 3.5 – 4.6 kg |
| 2 months | 5.0 kg | 4.3 – 5.5 kg |
| 3 months | 5.9 kg | 5.3 – 6.4 kg |
| 4 months | 6.5 kg | 5.8 – 7.1 kg |
| 5 months | 7.2 kg | 6.2 – 8.0 kg |
| 6 months | 7.9 kg | 7.0 – 8.8 kg |
| 7 months | 8.1 kg | 7.2 – 9.1 kg |
| 8 months | 8.3 kg | 7.2 – 9.4 kg |
| 9 months | 9.0 kg | 8,1 – 10,0 |
| 10 months | 9.5 kg | 8.2 – 10.8 kg |
| 11 months | 9.8 kg | 8.9 – 11.0 kg |
| 12 months | 10.1 kg | 9.0 – 11.3 kg |
The growth of a baby under one year of age increases dynamically, taking into account the constitutional characteristics, genetics, nutrition and general health of the baby. A slight deviation from the average parameters is not a cause for concern. If growth rates are far outside the acceptable range, this is an alarming sign that requires consultation with a doctor.
Boys height chart
| Child's age | Boys | |
|---|---|---|
| Height | ||
| Average | Normal range | |
| 0 months | 50.5 cm | 48 – 53 cm |
| 1 month | 54.2 cm | 53 – 57 cm |
| 2 months | 57.6 cm | 55 – 60 cm |
| 3 months | 61.4 cm | 59 – 65 cm |
| 4 months | 63.7 cm | 62 – 66 cm |
| 5 months | 66.9 cm | 64 – 69 cm |
| 6 months | 67.8 cm | 66 – 71 cm |
| 7 months | 69.7 cm | 68 – 72 cm |
| 8 months | 71.3 cm | 69 – 74 cm |
| 9 months | 72.7 cm | 71 – 76 cm |
| 10 months | 73.9 cm | 72 – 77 cm |
| 11 months | 74.8 cm | 73 – 77 cm |
| 12 months | 75.6 cm | 74 – 79 cm |
Girls height chart
| Child's age | Girls | |
|---|---|---|
| Height | ||
| Average | Normal range | |
| 0 months | 49.5 cm | 48 – 51 cm |
| 1 month | 53.5 cm | 51 – 56 cm |
| 2 months | 56.7 cm | 55 – 58 cm |
| 3 months | 60.3 cm | 59 – 62 cm |
| 4 months | 62.2 cm | 60 – 64 cm |
| 5 months | 63.8 cm | 62 – 68 cm |
| 6 months | 66.5 cm | 64 – 69 cm |
| 7 months | 67.3 cm | 65 – 70 cm |
| 8 months | 69.7 cm | 67 – 72 cm |
| 9 months | 70.5 cm | 68 – 73 cm |
| 10 months | 72.1 cm | 69 – 75 cm |
| 11 months | 73.5 cm | 71 – 76 cm |
| 12 months | 74.7 cm | 72 – 77 cm |
On a note! The data given in the table are considered standard when assessing the physical development of infants. However, it is worth remembering that babies are born with different weight categories and continue to gain body weight unevenly. So, one baby can “get heavier” by 0.5 kg in a month, and another by a whole kilogram; but as a result, the increase in both babies can be considered the norm, taking into account their individual development.
How are child height and weight standards calculated?
The calculation formula is used if parents need to track changes in the baby’s body weight, comparing each result with the growing monthly normal values. One of the approximate weight calculations used by pediatricians from the moment of birth until the first birthday is presented in a simple formula - M (kg) = m + 800n, where M is the baby’s body weight, m is the body weight at the time of birth and n is the current baby's age in months.
| Child's age | Increase per month | Increase for the past period |
|---|---|---|
| 1 month | 600 g | ≈ 600 g |
| 2 months | 800 g | ≈ 1400 g |
| 3 months | 800 g | ≈ 2200 g |
| 4 months | 760 g | ≈ 2950 g |
| 5 months | 700 g | ≈ 3650 g |
| 6 months | 650 g | ≈ 4300 g |
| 7 months | 600 g | ≈ 4900 g |
| 8 months | 570 g | ≈ 5500 g |
| 9 months | 550 g | ≈ 6050 g |
| 10 months | 500 g | ≈ 6550 g |
| 11 months | 450 g | ≈ 7000 g |
| 12 months | 400 g | ≈ 7400 g |
The rate of weight gain up to a year is usually recorded in the clinic by entries in the medical record, but they can also be monitored at home using special scales. If in short periods the scales show slightly less or more data in the table (with a difference of up to 150 g), then there is no need to worry, this is within normal limits.
Important!Sometimes a child’s weight gain differs significantly from the data given in the table. Large fluctuations in both directions should alert parents. If the lag is more than 350 g or more, something is wrong. Low body weight can seriously affect the development of an infant. If they come along with numerous complaints and disorders in the baby’s health, then the child must be examined by a pediatrician and neurologist.
Table of height gain for infants from 1 month to one year
The growth of a child from birth can be influenced by hereditary factors and, to a greater extent, by the constitutional characteristics of the little person’s body. Growth spurts can be especially noticeable between 3 and 4 months, and also between 6 and 8 months. At this time, in just one night the baby can gain a whole centimeter in length.
Calculation of the baby’s body length can be done using the approximate formula used by pediatricians: L (cm) = 100 – 8(4 – n), where L is the normal body length, n is the baby’s current age.
| Child's age | Average growth rate per month | Increase in height since birth |
|---|---|---|
| 1 month | 3 cm | ≈ 3 cm |
| 2 months | 3 cm | ≈ 6 cm |
| 3 months | 2.5 cm | ≈ 8.5 cm |
| 4 months | 2.5 cm | ≈ 11 cm |
| 5 months | 2 cm | ≈ 13 cm |
| 6 months | 2 cm | ≈ 15 cm |
| 7 months | 2 cm | ≈ 17 cm |
| 8 months | 2 cm | ≈ 19 cm |
| 9 months | 1.5 cm | ≈ 20.5 cm |
| 10 months | 1.5 cm | ≈ 22 cm |
| 11 months | 1.5 cm | ≈ 23.5 cm |
| 12 months | 1.5 cm | ≈ 25 cm |
Anthropometric parameters at birth - what is the norm for newborns?
According to the World Health Organization, the body weight of a full-term baby is considered normal if it is between 2.5 and 4.5 kg. Moms and dads should know that WHO weight indicators are generally indicative.
If the expectant mother has gone through 9 months of pregnancy without serious complications, the baby’s weight will most likely be 3 – 3.6 kg. If the baby was born earlier than expected (before the 37th week), then its weight will be on average 2.5 kg. But there is no need to worry - after a while, a tiny newborn will definitely catch up with his peers. This is facilitated by maintaining a sleep and rest schedule, nutritious nutrition and finding the little person in a favorable living environment.
The table below shows the height and weight of boys, as well as the height and weight of girls in the form of average parameters, indicating the order of maternal birth.
Immediately after birth, most infants lose up to 10% of their initial body weight, so nature intends to rid the baby of excess fluid and accumulated meconium (feces). But after 7-12 days, the weight loss is replenished:
- in the first weeks of life, the baby gains at least 125 g per week;
- from the second month of life, the set is 600-800 g per 30 days.
Having noticed that the baby’s weight is noticeably lower than the prescribed norms, parents should figure out whether there is a reason for concern? Each baby develops at its own pace, so slight variations in height and weight are quite acceptable. If up to the age of three months the toddler gains at least 0.5 kg per month, and from the third to six months, 0.3 kg, and there are no complaints, then there is no reason to worry.
Important! Normally, during the first year of life, babies triple their initial weight (for example, from 3 kg to 10 kg). Girls often gain weight at a lesser rate than boys before 12 months. The acceptable difference in children of the same age can be up to 600-800 g.
How does a newborn gain weight (by week)
Active weight gain in infants occurs in the first eight weeks of life. This is a normal reaction of a child’s body to a change in living conditions, and adaptation to a new diet and regimen.
| Age | What happens to the baby's weight |
|---|---|
| First 3 days of life | Physiological weight loss (up to 7-10% of initial body weight) |
| First week of life | A newborn baby fed with breast milk will gain about 100 g in weight in 1 week. |
| Second week of life | The toddler continues to grow and gradually gain body weight. A healthy baby will add up to 250 g to the initial weight in 2 weeks. |
| Third week of life | During the 3rd week after birth, the baby’s weight gain will average 150-200 g. |
| Fourth week of life | The first month is coming to an end. Over the past 4 weeks, the child has gained approximately 600-800 g. |
| Fifth week of life | The child is actively growing, eating with appetite and gaining strength for growth. By the fifth week, the baby's weight ranges from 3.9 to 5.1 kg. |
| Sixth week of life | During a given week, the baby increases its body weight by 200-250 g. |
| Seventh week of life | At week 7, the baby gains an average of 250-300 g. |
| Eighth week of life | The rate of increase in body weight gradually decreases. By the end of the 8th week, the baby adds about 200 g to its weight. |
The digital value of height and body weight indicators in infants is very arbitrary and depends on many factors:
- choice of feeding the baby (mother's milk or adapted formula);
- the amount of food the child eats per day;
- the presence of diseases that prevent the proper absorption of food;
- activity and the amount of time the child spends sleeping and awake;
- often - gender (girls often gain weight more slowly than boys).
Important! Pediatricians calculate height and weight standards for infants in conjunction with tables of the average statistical norm, but in some cases they use experimental calculations. Often, insignificant deviations of indicators from WHO tables are considered acceptable. We also must not forget about genetic heredity - if below average height prevails in a family, you should not expect that the heir will gain 5 cm per month.
Weight and height of the baby after birth - what to pay attention to
In the maternity hospital, doctors record the weight and body length of a newborn baby and carefully monitor changes, especially in low birth weight and premature babies. They are weighed once a day at the same time, mainly in the morning.
- Daily weight gain is considered normal at the rate of 15 g per 1 kg of body weight. Growth is measured only once a week, and its increase will be assessed after 3-4 weeks. By this time it should be at least 2.5-3 cm.
- Most infants, after gaining initial weight, subsequently gain weight quickly, especially during periods of growth spurts. They occur approximately in the middle of the second week of life, and then between 3 and 6 weeks.
- The average child gains an average of 20 grams per day. By the end of the first month of life, the scales at the clinic will show approximately 3.8-4 kg. The height and weight of boys is usually slightly higher than that of girls - the difference in weight can reach 0.4 kg and 1-1.5 cm.
A newborn weighs little - is there any reason to worry?
If an infant was born prematurely or weighed very little at birth, then the norms for growth and weight gain for him will differ significantly from the norms for babies born on time.
Degrees of prematurity of the baby (WHO information):
Birth weight largely determines a child's ability to adapt to life outside the womb. If the baby was born 2.5 kg, this process will take place without deviation from the desired course. If the baby “did not reach” this figure, then adaptation can be much more difficult. What to do?
First, keep warm
In children with low body weight, the layer of subcutaneous fat is very thin, almost absent. In this case, it is difficult for kids to keep warm and the danger of hypothermia is quite real. The temperature of a small baby should be measured at least once every 5-6 hours. If it is below 36.5°C, the baby must be warmed. The best way is skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby. Mom puts on an unbuttoned shirt, and the baby is placed on her chest. This way, the child’s temperature and pulse normalize, and the mother’s emotional state improves.
Second, we feed the baby by the hour.
This is a necessary condition, because in underweight children, the level of glucose in the blood often falls below the required level. This can cause sleep disturbances in the baby and a decrease in overall vitality. The best prevention of this condition is to frequently put the baby to the breast. In the first days, the child should drink about 60 ml of milk per day. Then the volume of liquid drunk per day should increase daily by 20 ml per 1 kg of body weight until it reaches 200 ml per 1 kg of body weight. Those. with a weight of 2 kg, the child will need to be given at least 400 ml of milk per day (of course, the amount is divided into 8-10 doses).
Third – massage for appetite and general development
If the child has gained the coveted 2500 g, and the doctors (pediatrician, neurologist) give the go-ahead for massage therapy, it’s time to undergo several strengthening procedures. Massage promotes weight gain, as it whets the appetite even in such babies. It is carried out an hour and a half after eating. It is better for a professional children's massage therapist to massage the baby, or the mother can master it on her own. After lubricating your hands with cream, you need to carefully knead the baby’s muscles according to the pattern from top to bottom - starting with the neck, then the back, buttocks, legs. At the end of the procedure, massage the arms and chest.
Weight and height gain by month: a quick overview of up to a year
Criteria for proper baby development can be confusing for new parents. If it’s difficult to figure it out, you can always ask your local pediatrician for advice. The main thing to remember is that when calculating measurements, you should focus on the initial data at the birth of the baby and only then calculate the individual monthly amount of weight gain and body length.
| 1 month | During the first four weeks after birth, the baby normally gains 600 g of weight and is up to 3 cm in height. The nutritional plan is compiled individually. The best option is a short interval between feedings (2-2.5 hours). For harmonious development, breastfeeding should be a priority. If the baby is artificial, the adapted formula should be fed in an amount of 90-120 ml per feeding. |
| 2 months | A baby's weight gain in 2 months will average 700 g + 3 cm of height. The breaks between feedings may already become a little longer, about 3-3.5 hours. During this period, you should not rush to wean your child off feedings at night, otherwise the weight will not grow as rapidly. |
| 3 months | In the third month, the child gains 800 g and grows 2.5 cm in length. The diet remains the same. Only in the case of artificial feeding can it be allowed to increase the interval between feedings to half an hour. The volume of the mixture in this case increases, making a portion of 150 ml. From the age of 3 months, the baby may be bothered by colic and gas formation, so appetite disturbance is often noted. |
| 4 months | By the end of the fourth month, the baby can gain up to 750 g and grow by 2.5 cm. The feeding regimen does not change. In the following months, the intensity of weight gain will gradually decrease. |
| 5 months | At five months, the baby will gain 700 g, and its height will increase by 2 cm. Indicators of weight and length by this period double compared to the child’s data at birth. |
| 6 months | By six months, the baby adds only 650 g to his body weight, and the increase in height is on average 2 cm. The interval between feedings with the introduction of complementary foods into the diet increases to 3.5-4 hours. It is better to start complementary feeding with hypoallergenic vegetable crops - zucchini, cauliflower , broccoli. The puree is given to the child in the amount of 1/2 tsp, the volume is gradually increased to 50 g over 5-7 days. By the end of the sixth month, complementary foods are replaced by one full feeding. |
| 7 months | At seven months, the baby’s weight gain is 600 g and height increases by 2 cm. The child eats according to the usual diet, mainly dairy foods, and only one of the feedings contains complementary foods - gluten-free porridge or vegetable puree. You need to gradually accustom your baby to new dishes, offering the introduced product in “drip” portions - from 1/2 tsp. at a time. This way, the danger of sudden allergies (food can be eliminated in time) or food intolerance is avoided. |
| 8 months | Body weight gain continues by the eighth month, the gain is no longer so active - only 550 g, and height continues to increase by 2-2.5 cm. The child’s menu can already be diversified with new types of cereals, fruits and vegetables. The first meat purees from rabbit or turkey are added to the diet, and the baby also gets acquainted with chicken yolk, which is added in tiny amounts to liquid food. |
| 9 months | By the end of this month, the little man will have weighed 500 g and grown by about 2 cm. The diet is already complete and varied: the baby tries vegetable purees from several ingredients, with priority fresh pureed fruits, and a new product - cottage cheese, as well as kefir from approved baby food . |
| 10 months | The weight gain in the tenth month will be 450 g, the baby will add the usual 1.5 - 2 cm in height. A child at this age already happily drinks up to 100-150 ml of fruit juices (apple, pear). The baby's delicate stomach is already able to digest complex carbohydrates and pieces of banana, plum, and peach. Porridge for a baby can be seasoned with butter or vegetable oil. |
| 11 months | At eleven months, the baby’s weight will increase by at least 400 g, and his height will increase by 1.5 cm. Boiled fish fillets of white varieties are included in the menu for children. |
| 12 months | At one year old, the baby’s weight triples from the moment of birth, and the baby has added about 25 cm in length since birth. By the time the baby is one year old, the menu is already quite complete and varied: it contains meat, vegetables, fish, and grains. Food is no longer crushed into a homogeneous puree, but only in pieces to encourage the child to chew. This tactic will be useful in preparing for the transition to independent eating. |
Girls usually grow a little slower than their male counterparts, and this is normal.
A table of girls’ height and weight by year will help you determine for yourself whether a girl is physically developed correctly and whether her height and weight correspond to age standards.
How much do the girls weigh and how tall are they?
Intensive growth and weight gain in girls occurs in the first year of life. You can assess whether these indicators are within normal limits using a table up to a year by month. It is worth noting that Russian data and WHO data differ slightly.
Girl's height
| Age | Index | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Very short |
short |
below average |
average |
higher average |
high |
Very high |
|
| 0 months | 45,8-47,5 | 47,5- 49,8 | 49,8-52,0 | 52,0- 53,1 | 53,1-53,9 | >53,9 | |
| 1 month | 48,5-50,3 | 50,3-52,1 | 52,1-55,0 | 55,0-56,1 | 56,1-57,3 | >57.3 | |
| 2 months |
51,2-53,3 | 53,3-55,2 | 55,2-58,0 | 58,0-59,3 | 59,3-60,6 | >60,6 | |
| 3 months |
54,0-56,2 | 56,2-57,6 | 57,6-60,7 | 60,7-61,8 | 61,8-63,6 | >63,6 | |
| 4 months |
56,7-58,4 | 58,4-60,0 | 60,0-62,8 | 62,8-64,0 | 64,0-65,7 | >65,7 | |
| 5 months |
59,1-60,8 | 60,8-62,0 | 62,0-65,1 | 65,1-66,0 | 66,0-68,0 | >68,0 | |
| 6 months |
60,8-62,5 | 62,5-64,1 | 64,1-67,1 | 67,1-68,8 | 68,8-70,0 | >70,0 | |
| 7 months |
62,7-64,1 | 64,1-65,9 | 65,9-69,2 | 69,2-70,4 | 70,4-71,9 | >41,9 | |
| 8 months |
64,5-66,0 | 66,0-67,5 | 67,5-70,5 | 70,5-72,5 | 72,5-73,7 | >73,7 | |
| 9 months |
66,0-67,5 | 67,5-69,1 | 69,1-72,0 | 72,0-74,1 | 74,1-75,5 | >75,5 | |
| 10 months |
67,5-69,0 | 69,0-70,3 | 70,3-73,2 | 73,2-75,3 | 75,3-76,8 | >76,8 | |
| 11 months |
68,9-70,1 | 70,1-71,5 | 71,5-74,7 | 74,7-76,5 | 76,5-78,1 | >78,1 | |
| 1 year | 70,1-71,4 | 71,4-72,8 | 72,8-75,8 | 75,8-78,0 | 78,0-79,6 | >79,6 | |
Girl's weight
| Age | Index | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Very short |
short |
below average |
average |
higher average |
high |
Very high |
|
| 0 months |
2,6-2,8 | 2,8-3,0 | 3,0-3,7 | 3,7-3,9 | 3,9-4,1 | >4,1 | |
| 1 month | 3,3-3,6 | 3,6-3,8 | 3,8-4,5 | 4,5-4,7 | 4,7-5,1 | >5,1 | |
| 2 months |
3,8-4,2 | 4,2-4,5 | 4,5-5,2 | 5,2-5,95 | 5,5-5,9 | >5,9 | |
| 3 months |
4,4-4,8 | 4,8-5,2 | 5,2-5,9 | 5,9-6,3 | 6,3-6,7 | >6,7 | |
| 4 months |
5,0-5,4 | 5,4-5,8 | 5,8-6,6 | 6,6-7,0 | 7,0-7,5 | >7,5 | |
| 5 months |
5,5-5,9 | 5,9-6,3 | 6,3-6,8 | 6,8-7,8 | 7,8-8,3 | >8,3 | |
| 6 months |
5,9-6,3 | 6,3-6,8 | 6,8-7,8 | 7,8-8,3 | 8,3-8,7 | >8,7 | |
| 7 months |
6,4-6,8 | 6,8-7,3 | 7,3-8,4 | 8,4-8,9 | 8,9-9,3 | >9,3 | |
| 8 months |
6,7-7,2 | 7,2-7,6 | 7,6-8,8 | 8,8-9,3 | 9,3-9,7 | >9,74 | |
| 9 months |
7,1-7,5 | 7,5-8,0 | 8,0-9,2 | 9,2-9,7 | 9,7-10,1 | >10,1 | |
| 10 months |
7,4-7,9 | 7,9-8,4 | 8,4-9,6 | 9,6-10,1 | 10,1-10,5 | >10,5 | |
| 11 months |
7,7-8,3 | 8,3-8,7 | 8,7-9,9 | 9,9-10,5 | 10,5-10,9 | >10,9 | |
| 1 year | 8,0-8,5 | 8,5-9,0 | 9,0-10,2 | 10,2-10,8 | 10,8-11,3 | >11,3 | |
Another noticeable jump in these indicators accompanies puberty. And here girls are already ahead of boys: on average, a growth spurt in girls is observed at 10-11 years old, while boys lag behind by about 2 years. During puberty, the increase in height and weight of girls averages 25 cm and 25 kg, respectively. Girls grow on average until they are 18 years old. The average height of a Russian woman is 165 cm.
Centile tables for determining height and weight standards
You can evaluate how harmoniously developed a girl is using a centile table. The columns of the table indicate the quantitative limits of height and weight for a certain percentage of girls; The interval 25%-75% is taken as average indicators. In the case when a girl’s indicators fall into these corridors, then this is the norm. The columns before and after these intervals are indicators below (10%-25%) and above (75%-90%) the norm.
If the girl’s indicators fall into the extreme corridors, this is a reason to consult a doctor. It is very important that both the height and weight of the girl are in the same corridor (+/- one column). Otherwise, physiological development cannot be considered harmonious: dystrophy or obesity, lack or excess growth - one of these problems may affect a girl.
| Age | Height | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3% | 10% | 25% | 50% | 75% | 90% | 97% | |
| Very short |
short | below average |
average | higher average |
high | Very high |
|
| newborn | 46,5 | 48,0 | 49,8 | 51,3 | 52,3 | 53,5 | 55,0 |
| 1 month | 49,5 | 51,2 | 52,7 | 54,5 | 55,6 | 56,5 | 57,3 |
| 2 months | 52,6 |
53,8 | 55,3 |
57,3 |
58,2 |
59,4 |
60,9 |
| 3 months | 55,3 |
56,5 |
58,1 |
60,0 | 60,9 |
62,0 |
63,8 |
| 4 months | 57,5 |
58,7 | 60,6 |
62,0 |
63,1 | 64,5 |
66,3 |
| 5 months | 59,9 |
61,1 | 62,3 |
64,3 | 65,6 |
67,0 | 68,9 |
| 6 months | 61,7 | 63,0 | 64,8 | 66,1 | 67,7 |
69,0 | 71,2 |
| 7 months | 63,8 |
65,1 | 66,3 |
68,0 | 69,8 |
71,1 | 73,5 |
| 8 months | 65,5 | 66,8 | 68,1 |
70,0 | 71,3 |
73,1 |
75,3 |
| 9 months | 67,3 | 68,2 |
69,8 | 71,3 | 73,2 |
75,1 | 78,8 |
| 10 months | 68,8 |
69,1 | 71,2 |
73,0 | 75,1 |
76,9 |
78,8 |
| 11 months | 70,1 | 71,3 |
72,6 |
74,3 | 76,2 |
78,0 | 80,3 |
| 1 year | 71,2 |
72,3 |
74,0 | 75,5 | 77,3 |
79,7 | 81,7 |
| 1.5 years | 76,9 |
78,4 | 79,8 |
81,7 | 83,9 |
85,9 | 89,4 |
| 2 years | 81,3 |
83,0 | 84,5 | 86,8 |
89,0 | 90,8 |
94,0 |
| 2.5 years | 84,5 |
87,0 | 89,0 | 91,3 |
93,7 | 95,5 | 99,0 |
| 3 years | 88,0 | 90,0 | 92,3 |
96,0 | 99,8 |
102,0 | 104,5 |
| 3.5 years | 90,3 | 92,6 | 95,0 | 99,1 | 102,5 |
105,0 | 107,5 |
| 4 years | 93,2 |
95,5 | 98,3 |
102,0 | 105,5 |
108,0 | 110,6 |
| 4.5 years | 96,0 | 98,3 |
101,2 | 105,1 | 108,6 |
111,0 | 113,6 |
| 5 years | 98,9 |
101,5 | 104,4 |
108,3 | 112,0 | 114,5 |
117,0 |
| 5.5 years | 101,8 |
104,7 |
107,8 | 111,5 |
115,1 | 118,0 | 120,6 |
| 6 years | 105,0 | 107,7 |
110,9 |
115,0 | 118,7 | 121,1 |
123,8 |
| 6.5 years | 108,0 | 110,8 |
113,8 |
118,2 | 121,8 |
124,6 | 127,2 |
| 7 years | 111,0 | 113,6 | 116,8 | 121,2 | 125,0 | 128,0 | 130,6 |
| 8 years | 116,3 | 119,0 | 122,1 |
126,9 |
130,8 | 134,5 |
137,0 |
| 9 years | 121,5 |
124,7 | 125,6 |
133,4 | 136,3 |
140,3 | 143,0 |
| 10 years | 126,3 |
129,4 |
133,0 | 137,8 |
142,0 | 146,7 |
149,2 |
| 11 years | 131,3 |
134,5 | 138,5 | 143,2 | 148,3 | 152,9 |
156,2 |
| 12 years | 136,2 | 140,0 | 143,6 |
149,2 | 154,5 |
159,5 | 163,5 |
| 13 years | 141,8 | 145,7 |
149,8 | 154,8 |
160,6 | 166,0 |
170,7 |
| 14 years | 148,3 |
152,3 | 156,2 |
161,2 | 167,7 | 172,0 | 176,7 |
| 15 years | 154,6 |
158,6 | 162,5 |
166,8 | 173,5 | 177,6 |
181,6 |
| 16 years | 158,8 |
163,2 |
166,8 | 173,3 |
177,8 | 182,0 | 186,3 |
| 17 years | 162,8 |
166,6 | 171,6 |
177,3 | 181,6 |
186,0 | 188,5 |
| Age | Weight | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3% | 10% | 25% | 50% | 75% | 90% | 95% | |
| Very short |
short | below average |
average | higher average |
high | Very high |
|
| newborn | 2,7 | 2,9 | 3,1 | 3,4 | 3,7 | 3,9 | 4,2 |
| 1 month | 3,3 | 3,6 | 4,0 | 4,3 | 4,7 | 5,1 | 5,4 |
| 2 months | 3,9 | 4,2 | 4,6 | 5,1 | 5,6 | 6,0 | 6,4 |
| 3 months | 4,5 | 4,9 | 5,3 | 5,8 | 6,4 | 7,0 | 7,3 |
| 4 months | 5,1 | 5,5 | 6,0 | 6,5 | 7,2 | 7,6 | 8,1 |
| 5 months | 5,6 | 6,1 | 6,5 | 7,1 | 7,8 | 8,3 | 8,8 |
| 6 months | 6,1 | 6,6 | 7,1 | 7,6 | 8,4 | 9,0 | 9,4 |
| 7 months | 6,6 | 7,1 | 7,6 | 8,2 | 8,9 | 9,5 | 9,9 |
| 8 months | 7,1 | 7,5 | 8,0 | 8,6 | 9,4 | 10,0 | 10,5 |
| 9 months | 7,5 | 7,9 | 8,4 | 9,1 | 9,8 | 10,5 | 11,0 |
| 10 months | 7,9 | 8,3 | 8,8 | 9,5 | 10,3 | 10,9 | 11,4 |
| 11 months | 8,2 | 8,6 | 9,1 | 9,8 | 10,6 | 11,2 | 11,8 |
| 1 year | 8,5 | 8,9 | 9,4 | 10,0 | 10,9 | 11,6 | 12,1 |
| 1.5 years | 9,7 | 10,2 | 10,7 | 11,5 | 12,4 | 13,0 | 13,7 |
| 2 years | 10,6 | 11,0 | 11,7 | 12,6 | 13,5 | 14,2 | 15,0 |
| 2.5 years | 11,4 | 11,9 | 12,6 | 13,7 | 14,6 | 15,4 | 16,1 |
| 3 years | 12,1 | 12,8 | 13,8 | 14,8 | 16,0 | 16,9 | 17,7 |
| 3.5 years | 12,7 | 13,5 | 14,3 | 15,6 | 16,8 | 17,9 | 18,8 |
| 4 years | 13,4 | 14,2 | 15,1 | 16,4 | 17,8 | 19,4 | 20,3 |
| 4.5 years | 14,0 | 14,9 | 15,9 | 17,2 | 18,8 | 20,3 | 21,6 |
| 5 years | 14,8 | 15,7 | 16,8 | 18,3 | 20,0 | 21,7 | 23,4 |
| 5.5 years | 15,5 | 16,6 | 17,7 | 19,3 | 21,3 | 23,2 | 24,9 |
| 6 years | 16,3 | 17,5 | 18,8 | 20,4 | 22,6 | 24,7 | 26,7 |
| 6.5 years | 17,2 | 18,6 | 19,9 | 21,6 | 23,9 | 26,3 | 28,8 |
| 7 years | 18,0 | 19,5 | 21,0 | 22,9 | 25,4 | 28,0 | 30,8 |
| 8 years | 20,0 | 21,5 | 23,3 | 25,5 | 28,3 | 31,4 | 35,5 |
| 9 years |
21,9 | 23,5 | 25,6 | 28,1 | 31,5 | 35,1 |
39,1 |
| 10 years |
23,9 | 25,6 | 28,2 | 31,4 | 35,1 | 39,7 | 44,7 |
| 11 years |
26,0 | 28,0 | 31,0 | 34,9 |
39,9 | 44,9 | 51,5 |
| 12 years |
28,2 | 30,7 | 34,4 | 38,8 | 45,1 | 50,6 | 58,7 |
| 13 years |
30,9 | 33,8 | 38,0 | 43,4 | 50,6 | 56,8 | 66,0 |
| 14 years |
34,3 | 38,0 | 42,8 | 48,8 | 56,6 | 63,4 | 73,2 |
| 15 years |
38,7 | 43,0 | 48,3 | 54,8 | 62,8 | 70,0 | 80,1 |
| 16 years |
44,0 | 48,3 | 54,0 | 61,0 | 69,6 | 76,5 | 84,7 |
| 17 years |
49,3 | 54,6 | 59,8 | 66,3 | 74,0 | 80,1 | 87,8 |
The correct ratio of height, weight and age can be assessed using these tables:
Girl's height, cm
Girl's weight, kg
Conclusion
The height and weight of girls under 18 are indicators that often increase disproportionately. A girl can be plump with a short stature, and then suddenly she will suddenly stretch out and become slender. Or, on the contrary, from a skinny person to a plump one.
In order for weight and height to have an optimal ratio, it is important to eat a healthy and balanced diet, get enough time for sleep at night, as well as lead a moderately active lifestyle and expose the body to feasible and regular physical activity. It is not necessary to go to big sports; physical education at school, visiting the pool or sports section and walking are enough.
Scientists around the world are studying the factors that influence a person’s height and weight at any age. The most modern data say that the characteristics of the ratio in weight and height of children under five years of age depend not only on heredity and genetic predisposition, but also characterize the quality of life of the family as a whole: nutrition, climate, psychological peace in the family. If we touch upon the norms of height and weight of children, this directly depends not only on the physical development of the child, but also shows the characteristics of the life of his family.
Height
Short stature for a child under 5 years of age may mean a developmental delay, indicate the presence of certain diseases, and indicate the child’s prematurity, which has not been compensated over time. Tall height is usually not a problem, but being too tall may indicate the presence of an endocrine disorder (a similar suspicion arises if the parents of a child who is too tall are of average or below average height).
Height rating scale:
- Too low – medical help is required;
- Low – it is advisable to consult a doctor;
- Below average is a variant of the norm;
- Average is normal;
- Above average is a variant of the norm;
- High;
- Too tall.
Weight
Weight characteristics are less informative for the doctor and give a very superficial idea of the child’s development. However, if you have low or very low weight, you should consult a doctor for additional tests.
Weight rating scale:
- Extremely (very) low weight – the child is exhausted;
- Low weight (underweight) - exhaustion;
- Less than average is a variant of the norm;
- Average is normal;
- More than average is a variant of the norm;
- Very big.
Height and weight in relation to each other
Height and weight in relation to each other are usually called the Body Mass Index. It is by this parameter that one should determine how developed a child is and how physically healthy he is. However, it is important to remember that BMI indicators for children depend on age and are very different from BMI indicators for adults.
What can be diagnosed by BMI:
- Exhaustion in a child (treatment required);
- Being underweight;
- Having low weight (a type of normal);
- Weight norm;
- Increased weight (a type of normal);
- Overweight;
- Obesity (needs treatment).
Preventing excess weight and obesity
Excess weight is a problem for both children and adults. Recommendations for normalizing weight are the same for everyone - proper nutrition, exercise. Those. It is the lifestyle of the child and his family that directly regulates everyone’s weight.
- It is important to make physical activity and proper nutrition a family hobby. Plan a healthy menu with your children and engage in active sports with the whole family.
- Never reward children with sweets or junk food if they behave well or get good grades. Do not associate praise or punishment with food.
- You should not force your child to finish eating if he is full.
- You shouldn’t talk about healthy and unhealthy foods all the time, much less completely exclude sweets and delicacies from your diet. Such a ban can push your child to eat a lot of junk food secretly from you - for future use.
There is no need to remind how dangerous excess weight can be for a child. Therefore, it is very important to identify the reasons that make children overeat and choose higher-calorie foods. Often children, like adults, relieve stress and replace disappointments with sweets and other unhealthy foods when attention and support from adults could help.
- “How to wean a child off sweets. A proven, safe and simple program" Teitelbaum, Kennedy. Everyone understands how harmful sugar is to health and how it affects excess weight, so this book will be useful for both parents and children. In addition, she has already gained many enthusiastic fans.
- Book by Evgenia Makarova “How to rid a child of excess weight” will help you understand the psychological problems of excess weight and help your child cope with them.
- Book by Smirnova, Kartelishev, Rumyantsev “Obesity in children and adolescents. Causes and modern technologies of therapy and prevention" is devoted to the whole range of issues of obesity in children and is intended for a wide range of readers, both parents and doctors.
Features of height and weight from 1 year to 10 years
Until the age of 10, a child grows actively. As with babies under one year old, it is now necessary to take into account many factors: genetic predisposition, the presence of congenital or acquired pathologies, possible diseases. The nutrition and lifestyle of the family as a whole is also very important. Metabolic features should also be taken into account.
Weight of girls by year from 1 year to 10 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low weight (kg) | Weight below average (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | Heavy weight (kg) | Too much weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 7 | 7,9 | 8,9 | 10,1 | 11,5 | 13,1 |
| 2 years | 9 | 10,2 | 11,5 | 13 | 14,8 | 17 |
| 3 years | 10,8 | 12,2 | 13,9 | 15,8 | 18,1 | 20,9 |
| 4 years | 13,3 | 14 | 16,1 | 18,5 | 21,5 | 25,2 |
| 5 years | 13,7 | 15,8 | 18,2 | 21,2 | 24,9 | 29,5 |
| 6 years | 15,3 | 17,5 | 20,2 | 23,5 | 27,8 | 33,4 |
| 7 years | 16,8 | 19,3 | 22,4 | 26,3 | 31,4 | 38,3 |
| 8 years | 18,6 | 21,4 | 25 | 29,7 | 35,8 | 44,1 |
| 9 years | 20,8 | 24 | 28,2 | 33,6 | 41 | 51,1 |
| 10 years | 23,3 | 27 | 31,9 | 38,2 | 46,9 | 59,2 |
The growth of girls by year from 1 year to 10 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low height (cm) | Below average height (cm) | Average height (cm) | Above average height (cm) | High growth (cm) | Very tall (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 69 | 71 | 74 | 76 | 79 | 81 |
| 2 years | 80 | 83 | 86 | 89 | 92 | 96 |
| 3 years | 87 | 91 | 95 | 98 | 102 | 106 |
| 4 years | 94 | 98 | 102 | 107 | 111 | 115 |
| 5 years | 99 | 104 | 109 | 114 | 118 | 123 |
| 6 years | 104 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 130 |
| 7 years | 109 | 115 | 120 | 126 | 131 | 137 |
| 8 years | 115 | 120 | 126 | 132 | 138 | 143 |
| 9 years | 120 | 126 | 132 | 138 | 144 | 150 |
| 10 years | 125 | 132 | 138 | 145 | 151 | 157 |
Weight of boys by year from 1 year to 10 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low weight (kg) | Weight below average (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | Heavy weight (kg) | Too much weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 7,7 | 8,6 | 9,6 | 10,8 | 12 | 13,3 |
| 2 years | 9,7 | 10,8 | 12,2 | 13,6 | 15,3 | 17,1 |
| 3 years | 11,3 | 12,7 | 14,3 | 16,2 | 18,3 | 20,7 |
| 4 years | 12,7 | 14,4 | 16,3 | 18,6 | 21,2 | 24,2 |
| 5 years | 14,1 | 16 | 18,3 | 21 | 24,2 | 27,9 |
| 6 years | 15,9 | 18 | 20,5 | 23,5 | 27,1 | 31,5 |
| 7 years | 17,7 | 20 | 22,9 | 26,4 | 30,7 | 36,1 |
| 8 years | 19,5 | 22,1 | 25,4 | 29,5 | 34,7 | 41,5 |
| 9 years | 21,3 | 24,3 | 28,1 | 33 | 39,4 | 48,2 |
| 10 years | 23,2 | 26,7 | 31,2 | 37 | 45 | 56,4 |
The growth of boys by year from 1 year to 10 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low height (cm) | Below average height (cm) | Average height (cm) | Above average height (cm) | High growth (cm) | Very tall (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | 71 | 37 | 75 | 78 | 80 | 83 |
| 2 years | 81 | 84 | 87 | 90 | 94 | 97 |
| 3 years | 88 | 92 | 96 | 99 | 103 | 107 |
| 4 years | 94 | 99 | 103 | 107 | 112 | 116 |
| 5 years | 100 | 105 | 110 | 114 | 119 | 124 |
| 6 years | 106 | 111 | 116 | 120 | 126 | 130 |
| 7 years | 111 | 116 | 121 | 127 | 132 | 137 |
| 8 years | 116 | 121 | 127 | 132 | 138 | 144 |
| 9 years | 120 | 126 | 132 | 138 | 144 | 150 |
| 10 years | 125 | 131 | 137 | 144 | 150 | 157 |
Height and weight from 11 to 18 years
At this age, the spectrum of norms is very wide for both boys and girls. The time of puberty in girls is characterized by the appearance of rounded shapes, when at the same time boys are still short and small. It is necessary to psychologically prepare the child for the changes occurring in his body. At this time, girls are strictly prohibited from dieting.
The weight of girls is from 11 to 18 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low weight (kg) | Weight is below average. (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | Heavy weight (kg) | Too much weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 years | 25-28 | 27,7-30,6 | 30,7-39 | 39-44,6 | 44,6-55,3 | |
| 12 years | 27,8-32 | 31,7-36 | 36-45,4 | 45,4-52 | 52-63,4 | |
| 13 years | 32-38,7 | 38,6-43 | 43-52,5 | 52,5-59 | 59-69 | |
| 14 years | 37,5-44 | 43,8-48,2 | 48,2-58 | 58-64 | 64-72,2 | |
| 15 years | 42-47 | 46,8-50,6 | 50,6-60,5 | 60,4-66,5 | 66,6-75 | |
| 16 years | 45,2-48,5 | 48,4-52 | 51,8-61,3 | 61,4-67,6 | 67,5-75,6 | |
| 17-18 years old | 46,3-49,2 | 53-62 | 49,2-53 | 61,9-68 | 68-76 |
The height of girls is from 11 to 18 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low height (m) | Below average height (m) | Average height (m) | Above average height (m) | High growth (m) | Very tall (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 years | 1,32-1,36 | 1,36-1,40 | 1,40-1,49 | 1,49-1,53 | 1,53-1,57 | |
| 12 years | 1,37-1,42 | 1,42-1,46 | 1,46-1.54 | 1,54-1,59 | 1,59-1,63 | |
| 13 years | 1,43-1,48 | 1,48-1,52 | 1,52-1,60 | 1,60-1,67 | 1,64-1,68 | |
| 14 years | 1,48-1,52 | 1,52-1,55 | 1,55-1,63 | 1,63-1,67 | 1,67-1,71 | |
| 15 years | 1,51-1,54 | 1,54-1,57 | 1,57-1,66 | 1.66-1,69 | 1,69-1,73 | |
| 16 years | 1,48-1,52 | 1,55-1,58 | 1,58-1,67 | 1,67-1,70 | 1,70-1,74 | |
| 17-18 years old | 1,52-1,56 | 1,56-1,58 | 1,58-1,67 | 1,67-1,70 | 1,70-1,74 |
The weight of boys is from 11 to 18 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low weight (kg) | Weight is below average. (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | Heavy weight (kg) | Too much weight (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 years | 26-28 | 28-31 | 31-39,9 | 39,9-44,6 | 44,9-51,5 | |
| 12 years | 28,2-30,7 | 30,7-34,4 | 34,4-45,1 | 45,1-50,6 | 50,6-58,7 | |
| 13 years | 30,9-33,8 | 33,8-38 | 48-50,6 | 50,6-56,8 | 56,8-66 | |
| 14 years | 34,3-38 | 38-42,8 | 42,8-56,6 | 56,6-63,4 | 63,4-73,2 | |
| 15 years | 38,7-43 | 43-48,3 | 48,3-62,8 | 62,8-70 | 70-80,1 | |
| 16 years | 44-48,3 | 48,3-54 | 54-69,6 | 69,6-76,5 | 66,5-84,7 | |
| 17-18 years old | 49,3-54,6 | 54,6-59,8 | 59,8-74 | 74-80,1 | 80,1-87,8 |
The height of boys is from 11 to 18 years. WHO data. Table.
| Age | Low height (m) | Below average height (m) | Average height (m) | Above average height (m) | High growth (m) | Very tall (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 years | 1,31-1,34 | 1,34-1,38 | 1,38-1,48 | 1,48-1,53 | 1,53-1,56 | |
| 12 years | 1,36-1,40 | 1,40-1,43 | 1,43-1.54 | 1,54-1,59 | 1,59-1,63 | |
| 13 years | 1,42-1,45 | 1,45-1,50 | 1,50-1,60 | 1,60-1,66 | 1,66-1,70 | |
| 14 years | 1,48-1,52 | 1,52-1,56 | 1,56-1,67 | 1,67-1,72 | 1,72-1,76 | |
| 15 years | 1,54-1,58 | 1,58-1,62 | 1,62-1,73 | 1.73-1,77 | 1,77-1,81 | |
| 16 years | 1,59-1,63 | 1,63-1,67 | 1,67-1,78 | 1,78-1,82 | 1,82-1,86 | |
| 17-18 years old | 1,63-1,66 | 1,66-1,71 | 1,71-1,81 | 1,81-1,86 | 1,86-1,88 |
Features of puberty
- Girls begin to grow earlier, from 10 to 18.
- Guys' growth starts later, around 15 and continues until 18-22 years old.
- The most intensive period of growth for a girl begins at age 10 and continues until age 13.
- The most intensive period of growth in boys begins at 13 years of age and continues until 16.
- It is hormonal activity that explains the sharp jump in growth.
- The norms for the parameters of boys and girls, which are shown in the table of height and weight of children, are averaged, so it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the body and genetics.
If a child has very little weight or, on the contrary, is overweight, then it is necessary to look for the reason. It could be:
- disease;
- family lifestyle;
- daily routine (food, sleep);
- stress;
- the child's temperament, etc.
Bottom line
A growing child needs to be motivated; he cannot be “put on a diet” or forced to lead an active lifestyle. But we must remember that it is at this age that the dangers of developing various diseases, both physical and mental, arise.
- From 1 year to 5: It is necessary to develop healthy habits from childhood. Correct eating behavior is established already in the first years of life. Offer your baby only healthy and nutritious food. Encourage your child's mobility.
- From 6 to 12: maintaining daily physical activity. Sports section, active games on the street. Weekend walks. Encourage healthy eating.
- From 13 to 18: Try to maintain healthy eating habits. Teach your child to cook tasty, healthy food on their own. Let there be only the right products at home. Maintain daily physical activity.
- For all: Minimize the time your child spends watching TV and computer. Do not allow eating while watching movies or cartoons. Prepare healthy and varied food. Eat together often. There should always be a lot of vegetables and fruits at home. Carbonated drinks are harmful to a child's diet. Breakfast is very important. You can't miss it.
When you yourself eat right and exercise, and for you healthy habits are the norm, part of life, then you can easily make the life of your children healthy and active. Sports and proper nutrition should be part of life, the norm for the whole family.
But the most important thing is to love your children, no matter what their weight and height.
The most important parameters for understanding how your child is developing in the most important - the first year of his life - are the baby’s height and weight. Therefore, it is simply necessary to visit a pediatrician every month to understand how the child’s height and weight changes over the months.
What to consider when comparing with standards
In order to determine how a child is developing, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends taking into account the following parameters:
- Gender of the baby.
- Height and weight at birth.
- Genetic characteristics of the parents (large, tall, short).
- Previous intrauterine infections (mother's illnesses during pregnancy).
- Are there any infections, viral diseases, teething, or reactions to vaccinations in the child at the moment.
- Absence or presence of congenital disorders, diseases.
- Social and living conditions of the baby.
- Nutritional features.
If your baby was born premature or weighed very little at birth, then the norms for weight gain and height for him will be different from the norms for children who were born on time.
It happens that a baby is born with normal height and weight, but other indicators indicate immaturity:
- A faint cry.
- Breathing is irregular and shallow.
- Soft ears.
- Decreased reflexes.
- Incompletely formed genitals.
- Dry and wrinkled skin.
Degree of prematurity
Degrees of prematurity of the baby (WHO information):
If your child was born prematurely, we recommend that you find out more information: about the characteristics of his development, care for premature babies, possible problems and their correction. A book by a famous pediatrician with 30 years of experience and 35 years of research experience in neonatology will help you with this - Ola Zaugstad "Premature baby. If the child was born earlier.”
Term indicators
Physical data indicating that the baby is full-term:
Often the characteristics of a baby’s weight and height depend not only on the parents’ genetics, but also on the mother’s diet. And an important factor is the indicators of placental-uterine blood flow. Also, the anatomy and physiology of the female breast, the technique of breastfeeding, common diseases of women and children, the compatibility of breastfeeding with various foods and medications, methods of organizing breastfeeding - all this can affect the baby’s gain in height and weight. It will help you understand these issues in detail. Dr. Carlos Gonzalez in his book “The Gift of a Lifetime. Breastfeeding Guide"
Don't forget that according to WHO, girls and boys gain weight and grow differently.
Weight of girls under one year old by month. WHO table
| Age | Very low weight (kg) | Weight below average (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | High weight (kg) | Very tall (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newborn | 2,4 | 2,8 | 3,2 | 3,7 | 4,2 | 4,8 |
| 1 month | 3,2 | 3,6 | 4,2 | 4,8 | 5,5 | 6,2 |
| 2 months | 3,9 | 4,5 | 5,1 | 5,8 | 6,6 | 7,5 |
| 3 months | 4,5 | 5,2 | 5,8 | 6,6 | 7,5 | 8,5 |
| 4 months | 5 | 5,7 | 6,4 | 7,3 | 8,2 | 9,3 |
| 5 months | 5,4 | 6,1 | 6,9 | 7,8 | 8,8 | 10 |
| 6 months | 5,7 | 6,5 | 7,3 | 8,2 | 9,3 | 10,6 |
| 7 months | 6 | 6,8 | 7,6 | 8,6 | 9,8 | 11,1 |
| 8 months | 6,3 | 7 | 7,9 | 9 | 10,2 | 11,6 |
| 9 months | 6,5 | 7,3 | 8,2 | 9,3 | 10,5 | 12 |
| 10 months | 6,7 | 7,5 | 8,5 | 9,6 | 10,9 | 12,4 |
| 11 months | 6,9 | 7,7 | 8,7 | 9,9 | 11,2 | 12,8 |
| 1 year | 7 | 7,9 | 8,9 | 10,1 | 11,5 | 13,1 |
Growth of girls up to one year by month. WHO table
| Age | Very short height (cm) | Below average height (cm) | Average height (cm) | Above average height (cm) | High growth (cm) | Very tall (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newborn | 45,4 | 47,3 | 49,1 | 51 | 52,9 | 54,7 |
| 1 month | 49,8 | 51,7 | 43,7 | 56,6 | 57,6 | 59,5 |
| 2 months | 53 | 55 | 57,1 | 59,1 | 61,1 | 63,2 |
| 3 months | 55,6 | 57,7 | 59,8 | 61,9 | 64 | 66,1 |
| 4 months | 57,8 | 59,9 | 62,1 | 64,3 | 66,4 | 68,6 |
| 5 months | 59,6 | 61,8 | 64 | 66,2 | 68,5 | 70,7 |
| 6 months | 61,2 | 63,5 | 65,7 | 68 | 70,3 | 72,5 |
| 7 months | 62,7 | 65 | 67,3 | 69,6 | 71,9 | 74,2 |
| 8 months | 64 | 66,4 | 68,7 | 71,1 | 73,5 | 75,8 |
| 9 months | 65,3 | 67,7 | 70,1 | 72,6 | 75 | 77,4 |
| 10 months | 66,5 | 69 | 71,5 | 73,9 | 76,4 | 78,9 |
| 11 months | 67,7 | 70,3 | 72,8 | 75,3 | 77,8 | 80,3 |
| 1 year | 68,9 | 71,4 | 74,0 | 76,6 | 79,2 | 81,7 |
Weight of boys under one year old by month. WHO table
| Age | Very low weight (kg) | Weight below average (kg) | Average weight (kg) | Above average weight (kg) | High weight (kg) | Very tall (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newborn | 2,5 | 2,9 | 3,3 | 3,9 | 4,4 | 5 |
| 1 month | 3,4 | 3,9 | 4,5 | 5,1 | 5,8 | 6,6 |
| 2 months | 4,3 | 4,9 | 5,6 | 6,3 | 7,1 | 8 |
| 3 months | 5 | 5,7 | 6,4 | 7,2 | 8 | 9 |
| 4 months | 5,6 | 6,2 | 7 | 7,8 | 8,7 | 9,7 |
| 5 months | 6 | 6,7 | 7,5 | 8,4 | 9,3 | 10,4 |
| 6 months | 6,4 | 7,1 | 7,9 | 8,8 | 9,8 | 10,9 |
| 7 months | 6,7 | 7,4 | 8,3 | 9,2 | 10,3 | 11,4 |
| 8 months | 6,9 | 7,7 | 8,6 | 9,6 | 10,7 | 11,9 |
| 9 months | 7,1 | 8 | 8,9 | 9,9 | 11 | 12,3 |
| 10 months | 7,4 | 8,2 | 9,2 | 10,2 | 11,4 | 12,7 |
| 11 months | 7,6 | 8,4 | 9,4 | 10,5 | 11,7 | 13 |
| 1 year | 7,7 | 8,6 | 9,6 | 10,8 | 12 | 13,3 |
Growth of boys up to one year by month. WHO table
| Age | Very short height (cm) | Below average height (cm) | Average height (cm) | Above average height (cm) | High growth (cm) | Very tall (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newborn | 46,1 | 48 | 49,9 | 51,8 | 53,7 | 55,6 |
| 1 month | 50,8 | 52,8 | 54,7 | 56,7 | 58,6 | 60,6 |
| 2 months | 54,4 | 56,4 | 58,4 | 60,4 | 62,4 | 64,4 |
| 3 months | 57,3 | 59,4 | 61,4 | 63,5 | 65,5 | 67,6 |
| 4 months | 59,7 | 61,8 | 63,9 | 66 | 68 | 70,1 |
| 5 months | 61,7 | 63,8 | 65,9 | 68 | 70,1 | 72,2 |
| 6 months | 63,3 | 65,5 | 67,6 | 69,8 | 71,9 | 74 |
| 7 months | 64,8 | 67 | 69,2 | 71,3 | 73,5 | 75,7 |
| 8 months | 66,2 | 68,4 | 70,6 | 72,8 | 75 | 77,2 |
| 9 months | 67,7 | 69,7 | 72 | 74,2 | 76,5 | 78,7 |
| 10 months | 68.7 | 71 | 73,3 | 75,6 | 77,9 | 80,1 |
| 11 months | 69,9 | 72,2 | 74,5 | 76,9 | 79,2 | 81,5 |
| 1 year | 71 | 73,4 | 75,7 | 78,1 | 80,5 | 82,9 |
Standards for children of the first year
- The average weight of a baby at birth according to WHO recommendations is from 3.2 kg to 3.7 kg.
- Weight loss in the first week of a child’s life is considered normal.
- The baby gains the most in the first five months of life, then the weight gain gradually slows down.
- If a child eats formula, he gains weight faster.
- The growth of a child by month is very dependent on weight gain. First, the body devotes all its strength to gaining weight, and only then the baby grows.
- The period from the first to the sixth month is the most active for a child’s weight gain and growth.
- A normal child at the age of one year weighs from 8.9 kg to 9.6 kg.
- The average child at the age of 1 year grows to 74 - 76 cm.
- It is in the first year of life that the most active growth occurs. During this time, the baby grows by 20 - 30 cm.
Important to remember
According to WHO information, young children in the first year of their life are especially sensitive to deficiency (lack) of body weight.
- A very small weight gain may indicate anemia, an eating disorder or rickets, the possible presence of endocrine diseases and immunodeficiency, and lack of weight may also characterize disorders in the central nervous system.
- If a child is underweight, not only physical retardation begins, but also a serious slowdown in mental and mental development.
Against this background, parents can observe two main problems in their child, which arise precisely when raising a child with underweight.
Problems
- Vomits and gags while eating. A baby, under the age of one year, does not yet know how to chew, so he may choke; if the child’s nervous system is overloaded, then this may manifest itself in food in the form of vomiting. At the same time, grinding or grinding even more does not help.
Solution to the problem: arouse the child’s interest in food, let him learn to eat on his own, and control the process himself. Give your baby a piece of bread in his hand, a peeled cucumber or a piece of apple. - Refuses to sit on the potty.
Solution to the problem: Check if it is comfortable. You shouldn’t insist too much, much less forcefully hold your baby on the potty. This will only intensify the protest. You should offer to go potty calmly, choosing the time carefully. It is best to do this after sleep, after a long break, or 20 minutes after eating - this is the best time for the baby to go to the potty and understand what you want from him.
This is why it is so important to control your baby’s weight. If there is a lack of milk or during milk crises, it is recommended to supplement with a specialized formula. For low birth weight and premature babies, dry and ready-made formulas in jars have been developed that are convenient to take with you. They are designed to feed a child from birth until the age of 18 months. or weight gain up to 9 kg.
Learn more about the indications for switching to artificial or mixed feeding, how to choose a formula for your baby, how and when to introduce complementary foods, and much more. others are well described in book “Artificial and mixed feeding” by Elena Khramtsova.
Remember that each child is individual and all standards, including those specified by WHO, are only a guideline, but in no case a mandatory comparison. It’s important how the baby feels, how harmonious he is - that’s the only thing that matters.
If he is larger or smaller than he should be and at the same time cheerful, cheerful and developing well, then this is the normal height and weight for your child.
At every pediatric appointment, the infant's height and weight must be measured. These indicators, within the established norms, indicate the normal development of the baby physically, which can be tracked using specially developed age tables of weight and height from the World Health Organization, which are used by pediatricians in many countries around the world.
From the history of establishing norms
According to UNICEF and WHO standards, which were adopted in 2002, the optimal form of feeding newborns is breast milk. Breastfeeding ensures healthy growth and timely development for the baby. During the first 6 months of life, WHO experts do not recommend supplementing breast milk with any other products. After the first six months of life, in order to ensure the normal development and health of the child, doctors recommend starting to introduce complementary foods that are adequate for the age and needs of the baby, without stopping breastfeeding until at least two years of age. In this context, breastfeeding is considered not only as the best biological food for a newborn, but also as the only possible one. Therefore, such standards required revision in order to take into account when calculating the ideal weight and height of a small child and those children who initially had non-standard parameters, and were also not only breastfed, but also on artificial or mixed type of feeding at an early age.
In order to establish new norms, more adapted for different types of infants, experts spent a long time studying about 9 thousand children raised in conditions favorable for development. Moreover, their diet included both mother's milk and other healthy foods appropriate to the age of the particular child, all children were vaccinated and protected from other adverse effects. The mothers of these infants led a healthy lifestyle throughout pregnancy and while breastfeeding. This large-scale project under the auspices of the World Health Organization and under the supervision of non-governmental organizations at the United Nations made it possible to develop new, highly adapted standards for infant height and weight that can be applied in most standard cases of infant development.
A multicenter study of child development indicators made it possible to establish the optimal parameters of weight and height, their ratio, as well as the size of their monthly increases, which would correspond to the modern rhythm of life, environmental living conditions, and nutritional patterns. At the same time, in order to increase objectivity, studies were conducted in various ethnic groups of people in Europe, the USA, India, Oman, Brazil and other countries.
Why measure a child's height and weight
Even minor deviations in the established parameters of a child’s development can cause severe panic in caring mothers. However, it is important to understand in this case that there cannot be a single correct norm for all children without exception; a deviation in any direction is considered normal, because pediatricians talk about normal weight gain and height gain based solely on the individual input parameters of a particular person.
The World Health Organization, however, recommends monitoring the weight and height of a child up to one year without fail on a monthly basis. Too large discrepancies with generally accepted norms are a reason to seek medical help. At the same time, in order to reduce possible errors to a minimum, individual standards were developed for children of different sexes.
Established standards allow parents to roughly navigate the situation when they can calmly observe the baby’s development, and when it is still worth paying close attention to his health and providing timely qualified assistance. At the same time, these standards do not talk about specific problems in the child’s health; they only demonstrate the dynamics of the body’s growth that should be observed during normal development.
Regulatory tables
As a result of the research, special normative tables and graphs of the height and weight of children aged from birth to 10 years were compiled. It is important that these graphs display not only the normative values of height and weight, but also their interdependence for understanding the harmonious development of a person.
Babies under one year old
From birth to one year of age, experts recommend monitoring height and weight parameters on a monthly basis. WHO recommends tracking the main indicators of normal child development using a special table (Table 1):
| Child's age, months | Weight norm, kilograms | Height norm, centimeters | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | |
| 1 | 3,6-4,8 | 3,9-5,1 | 51,7-55,6 | 52,8-56,7 |
| 2 | 4,5-5,8 | 4,9-6,3 | 55,0-59,1 | 56,4-60,4 |
| 3 | 5,2-6,6 | 5,7-7,2 | 57,7-61,9 | 59,4-63,5 |
| 4 | 5,7-7,3 | 6,3-7,8 | 59,9-64,3 | 61,8-66 |
| 5 | 6,1-7,8 | 6,7-8,4 | 61,8-66,3 | 63,8-68 |
| 6 | 6,5-8,3 | 7,1-8,9 | 63,5-68,0 | 65,5-69,8 |
| 7 | 6,8-8,6 | 7,4-9,3 | 65,0-69,6 | 67,0-71,3 |
| 8 | 7,0-9,0 | 7,7-9,6 | 66,4-71,1 | 68,4-72,8 |
| 9 | 7,3-9,3 | 8,0-9,9 | 67,7-72,6 | 69,7-74,2 |
| 10 | 7,5-9,6 | 8,2-10,2 | 69,0-74,0 | 71,0-75,6 |
| 11 | 7,7-9,9 | 8,4-10,5 | 70,3-75,3 | 72,2-76,9 |
| 12 | 7,9-10,1 | 8,7-10,8 | 71,4-76,6 | 73,4-78,1 |
Children over one year old
At the age of 1 to 3 years, WHO experts recommend monitoring the height and weight parameters of children on a quarterly basis, from 3 to 7 years - every six months, and from 7 to 10 years - annually. By the age of 10, if a boy’s parameters are less than 131.4 centimeters and less than 26.7 kilograms, doctors conclude that the child’s growth is insufficient, and with height parameters above 144.2 centimeters and a weight of more than 37 kilograms, they conclude that physical development is exceeded (Table 2). In girls, insufficient physical development at the age of ten is recorded at parameters less than 132.2 centimeters and 27.1 kilograms, and excessive – at 145 centimeters and 38.2 kilograms of height and weight, respectively (Table 3).
| Age | Boy's height, centimeters | Boy's weight, kilograms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower limit of normal | Norm | Upper limit of normal | Lower limit of normal | Norm | Upper limit of normal | |
| 15 months | 76,6 | 79,2 | 81,7 | 9,2 | 10,3 | 11,5 |
| 18 months | 79,6 | 82,3 | 85,0 | 9,8 | 10,9 | 12,2 |
| 21 months | 82,3 | 85,1 | 88,0 | 10,3 | 11,5 | 12,9 |
| 2 years | 84,4 | 87,5 | 90,5 | 10,8 | 12,2 | 13,6 |
| 27 months | 86,4 | 89,6 | 92,9 | 11,3 | 12,7 | 14,3 |
| 30 months | 88,5 | 91,9 | 95,3 | 11,8 | 13,3 | 15,0 |
| 33 months | 90,5 | 94,1 | 97,6 | 12,3 | 13,8 | 15,6 |
| 3 years | 92,4 | 96,1 | 99,8 | 12,7 | 14,3 | 16,2 |
| 3.5 years | 95,9 | 99,9 | 103,8 | 13,6 | 15,3 | 17,4 |
| 4 years | 99,1 | 103,3 | 107,5 | 14,4 | 16,3 | 18,6 |
| 4.5 years | 102,3 | 106,7 | 111,1 | 15,2 | 17,3 | 19,8 |
| 5 years | 105,3 | 110,0 | 114,6 | 16,0 | 18,3 | 21,0 |
| 5.5 years | 108,2 | 112,9 | 117,7 | 17,0 | 19,4 | 22,2 |
| 6 years | 111,0 | 116,0 | 120,9 | 18,0 | 20,5 | 23,5 |
| 6.5 years | 113,8 | 118,9 | 124,0 | 19,0 | 21,7 | 24,9 |
| 7 years | 116,4 | 121,7 | 127,0 | 20,0 | 22,9 | 26,4 |
| 8 years | 121,6 | 127,3 | 132,9 | 22,1 | 25,4 | 29,5 |
| 9 years | 126,6 | 132,6 | 138,6 | 24,3 | 28,1 | 33,0 |
| 10 years | 131,4 | 137,8 | 144,2 | 26,7 | 31,2 | 37,0 |
| Age | Girl's height, centimeters | Girl's weight, kilograms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower limit of normal | Norm | Upper limit of normal | Lower limit of normal | Norm | Upper limit of normal | |
| 15 months | 74,8 | 77,5 | 80,2 | 8,5 | 9,6 | 10,9 |
| 18 months | 77,8 | 80,7 | 83,6 | 9,1 | 10,2 | 11,6 |
| 21 months | 80,6 | 83,7 | 86,7 | 9,6 | 10,9 | 12,3 |
| 2 years | 83,2 | 86,4 | 89,6 | 10,2 | 11,5 | 13,0 |
| 27 months | 84,9 | 88,3 | 91,7 | 10,7 | 12,1 | 13,7 |
| 30 months | 87,1 | 90,7 | 94,2 | 11,2 | 12,7 | 14,4 |
| 33 months | 89,3 | 92,9 | 96,6 | 11,7 | 13,3 | 15,1 |
| 3 years | 91,2 | 95,1 | 98,9 | 12,2 | 13,9 | 15,8 |
| 3.5 years | 95,0 | 99,0 | 103,1 | 13,1 | 15,0 | 17,2 |
| 4 years | 98,4 | 102,7 | 107,0 | 14,0 | 16,1 | 18,5 |
| 4.5 years | 101,6 | 106,2 | 110,7 | 14,9 | 17,2 | 19,9 |
| 5 years | 104,7 | 109,4 | 114,2 | 15,8 | 18,2 | 21,2 |
| 5.5 years | 107,2 | 112,2 | 117,1 | 16,6 | 19,1 | 22,2 |
| 6 years | 110,0 | 115,1 | 120,2 | 17,5 | 20,2 | 23,5 |
| 6.5 years | 112,7 | 118,0 | 123,3 | 18,3 | 21,2 | 24,9 |
| 7 years | 115,3 | 120,8 | 126,3 | 19,3 | 22,4 | 26,3 |
| 8 years | 120,8 | 126,6 | 132,4 | 21,4 | 25,0 | 29,7 |
| 9 years | 126,4 | 132,5 | 138,6 | 24,0 | 28,2 | 33,6 |
| 10 years | 132,2 | 138,6 | 145,0 | 27,0 | 31,9 | 38,2 |
Norms of growth increase
The first 6 months of a child’s life are characterized by the most active dynamics of his growth. Growth at this time occurs in leaps and bounds, and in the warm season such leaps can be many times larger than in winter, since human growth is significantly accelerated under the influence of vitamin D. There is also an opinion that during the process of sleep, small children grow faster, and they sleep a lot in the first six months of their life.
It is customary to link the general assessment of a child’s height to his weight. The normal limits for the first year of life are considered to be the following indicators of growth:
- an increase of 3-4 centimeters in the first 3 months of life;
- an increase to the previous height of another plus 2-3 centimeters in 4-6 months;
- an increase in height in six months of 4-6 centimeters by the age of nine months;
- an increase of 3 centimeters to the previous height for 10-12 months.
Thus, a child’s height in the first year of life should, on average, increase by 20 centimeters.
Norms for weight gain
The normal body weight of a newborn should be from 2500 to 4500 grams. The World Health Organization has established that normal monthly weight gain in the first six months of life is 400 grams, and by 6 months of life a person’s birth weight should double. From 6 to 12 months, a baby should normally gain at least 150 grams of weight monthly.
However, if the newborn had a high birth weight (4000 grams or more), then his monthly weight gain should be less than that established for children with a standard weight. And vice versa - low birth weight babies with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams should normally gain weight more rapidly and their monthly gain should be more than 400 grams in the first 6 months of life.
Boys height and weight chart
Since the beginning of the new millennium, experts involved in the issues of proper baby nutrition have insisted that exclusively breast milk can serve as the norm for such nutrition. Since 2005, new World Health Organization charts have been adopted worldwide, characterizing the relationship between age and the height or weight of a child who eats a healthy diet.
Girls height and weight chart
WHO height and weight charts should be different for boys and girls. Below are the reference growth charts for girls aged from birth to 2 years (graph 3 and 4).
Development during puberty
Indicators of weight and height in children aged 11 to 17 years are characterized by a wide range of normative values. These indicators during puberty are influenced by both the individual characteristics of each individual child and genetic predisposition and heredity.
On average, girls during puberty grow up to 17-19 years old, and boys - up to 19-22 years old. At the same time, the growth of girls increases most rapidly at the age of 10-12, while the growth of boys occurs in a later period - from 13 to 16 years. Growth spurts in teenagers are explained by hormonal surges. At the same time, teenagers react very painfully to their physical parameters - small boys or girls with early rounded shapes begin to develop severe complexes. It is important to prepare the child psychologically in a timely manner for the changes that will occur in his body and explain their nature. At the same time, it is strictly forbidden to allow teenagers to follow diets that, in their opinion, will bring them closer to some desired parameters. If a teenager is underweight or overweight for unknown reasons, it is necessary to analyze his lifestyle, nutrition system and undergo a full medical examination to identify any pathologies.
Child's future growth
Experts believe that it is possible to approximately calculate the future height of a child in adulthood using a certain formula. These calculations can demonstrate the basic weight of a person according to genetic predisposition, as well as its possible average value adjusted for gender.
The formula for the future growth of a child assumes that the height base will first be calculated by adding the height of mom and dad in centimeters and dividing the resulting value by 2. For example, the mother’s height is 170 centimeters, the father’s height is 180 centimeters, so the child’s height base will be (170 + 180 )/2= 175 centimeters. Gender adjustment assumes that a girl’s height in adulthood will be 5 centimeters below the base height, that is, in our example, it will be 170 centimeters, and a boy’s height will exceed the base height by 5 centimeters, that is, in the example, 180 centimeters .
These calculations are approximate, but in many cases the actual height of an adult differs from such calculations by only a couple of centimeters in both directions.
We correctly determine the weight and height of the baby
To determine your baby's height at home, you can use a stadiometer or a measuring tape. To correctly measure height, the child must stand barefoot on the floor, touching his back to the ruler. The torso should be straight, feet together, arms down along the body, knees fully extended. The child’s head should be positioned so that the edge of the lower eyelid and the upper edge of the ear are located on the same horizontal line. When measuring height, it is important to touch the ruler with your shoulder blades, heels and buttocks. At the level of the end of the head, a perpendicular is applied to the vertical, at the location of which on the ruler the child’s height is determined.
Scales are used to measure the baby's weight. In modern conditions, the weight of children is most often measured on electronic scales, on which it is important to ensure that the child’s body is in the center of the bowl or plane of the scale. Small children should be weighed lying down or sitting; children who can stand should be weighed standing. When checking the weight of an infant wrapped in a swaddle, subtract the weight of the swaddle itself. Weight checks should be carried out in the morning before feeding and after emptying the bladder and bowels.
Factors influencing deviations
Sometimes young children have weight problems. They can occur due to energy imbalance, various diseases or overfeeding. Energy imbalance occurs in the body due to excessive intake of calories, which provokes excess weight, or due to their deficiency, which, accordingly, entails underweight. Weight problems, as a rule, affect growth in children. To avoid such a situation, it is recommended to feed children the food that will correspond to their lifestyle in terms of energy balance, and also to constantly monitor the degree of physical activity that is inherent in a particular child with a certain diet.
All sorts of medical conditions can also lead to problems with height and weight. In addition to pathologies of an infectious nature, congenital diseases, various hormonal changes can occur in the child’s body, which will provoke problems with weight and height.
Many adults try to forcefully overfeed their child, fearing that he will not receive some important nutrients. Pediatricians strongly recommend listening to children's biological needs for nutrition, not force-feeding children, teaching them to independently determine the occurrence of attacks of hunger and satiety and satisfy them in a timely manner. Only then will the body be able to fully develop and strengthen, based on the person’s current age and the quality of the food he eats.
