9 month from what week. Pregnancy by months. What to take to the hospital

The embryo is about 6 mm long.

Duration 2 terms

3 trimester. Its dangers

Reacts to bright light.

Placental function problems
Abnormalities of the uterus and cervix
Bad habits in a pregnant woman

Back pain
Swelling and heaviness in the legs
Increased urination
Pressure rise
Late toxicosis
Other ailments

Trimester analyzes

Blood characteristics
HCG level in blood or urine
The presence of sugar in the blood and urine
General urine indicators

General blood analysis

In the last trimester:

Blood chemistry

Ninth month of pregnancy

The long-awaited last month of pregnancy has come. The expectant mother is looking forward to the start of labor, because the condition of a pregnant woman in the ninth month can hardly be called pleasant and joyful. The woman's body is actively preparing for the upcoming birth, causing a lot of inconvenience and unpleasant sensations to the woman. The kid has already reached his maximum height and is waiting for the cherished moment to see the world. The ninth month of pregnancy has begun and childbirth can come quite suddenly at any time. This should not be feared, because a baby in the ninth month is considered full-term. In the meantime, it's time to prepare everything you need in the hospital, put the finishing touches in the nursery for your beloved baby and wait for the most real contractions.

The ninth month of pregnancy how many weeks

Most expectant mothers know their pregnancy term to within a week, but for future daddies it can be quite difficult to determine from which week the ninth month of pregnancy begins. The ninth month of pregnancy lasts from 37 to 41 weeks. At this time, knowing your gestational age is necessary in order to predict at what time childbirth may occur. And they can happen completely unexpectedly, so you need to have an already collected bag to the hospital (which you need to take with you to the hospital) and all the necessary documents.

Baby in the ninth month of pregnancy

The baby in the ninth month of pregnancy is already completely ready for life outside the mother's belly. The baby has developed a sucking reflex, which will be vital for the first year of the baby's life. The digestive system is ready to start receiving and processing breast milk, and the baby's lungs are breathing.

In the ninth month of pregnancy, the fetus looks like a perfectly proportional little man, its skin has acquired a pale pink color, and lanugo fluff has practically disappeared from the body.

After birth, vernix and lanugo may be retained in areas of the skin that require special protection. For example, on delicate shoulders or folds.

At the beginning of the ninth month of pregnancy, the baby is already in the position from which it will be born. The normal position of the fetus is cephalic presentation when the baby is placed head down. In this position, he tries until the birth itself. If the baby takes the wrong position, then this may become an indication for a cesarean section.

Now the baby occupies the entire uterine cavity and has practically no room for active movements. However, this does not mean that he should not move. It's just that his movements will become smoother and not so sharp. It is considered. That before giving birth, the baby calms down a little, gaining strength before the upcoming journey through the birth canal.

The nervous system brings the finishing touches to its development. The intestines are ready for work and even the baby's first feces - meconium - have accumulated in it. This is the result of a bulkhead of amniotic fluid, decayed blood cells, and dead intestinal and skin cells. A sufficient amount of iron has already accumulated in the liver, which will ensure the functioning of hematopoiesis in the first year of a baby's life. However, until the birth itself, iron in the liver will continue to accumulate. Ready to work in the outside world and the heart of the child. After the baby is born, the hole in the central septum will close and blood will circulate through the lungs. Now the process of blood circulation will bypass the lungs, because the baby is not yet breathing for real.

The baby's immune system is still developing, and this process will continue after birth. Now the baby receives antibodies through the placenta, and then they will get to the baby through breast milk. Therefore, it is very important that the baby is breastfed for the first year of life. The reproductive system in girls is already fully developed, but in boys, the process of lowering the testicles into the scrotum is still ongoing. In rare cases, a baby may be born before this process is complete.

By the time of birth, the child, on average, reaches a weight of 3500 kg and a height of 53 cm.However, it should be understood that these indicators are very average. The size of the baby depends only on the individual characteristics of the development of pregnancy.

The ninth month of pregnancy sensations

A few weeks before giving birth, the expectant mother will feel that it has become easier for her to breathe. This is due to the fact that the baby sank with its head to the bottom of the pelvis and the uterus no longer squeezes the lungs. But at the same time, a dull, pressing pain in the pubic area will appear due to the pressure of the child's head on the nerve endings.

Swelling in the ninth month of pregnancy still makes itself felt, along with private urination. Due to the enormous load and the increased amount of fluid in the body of the expectant mother, most often in the ninth month of pregnancy, the legs swell. In addition to following a special diet and restricting fluid intake, you should pay special attention to good rest.

The belly in the last month of pregnancy no longer grows, but at the same time the skin is under tremendous stress and can itch unbearably. You don't need to scratch it and don't neglect the daily use of a special cream or oil for stretch marks. Many pregnant women claim that they went to bed with a beautiful tummy, and woke up and already had red stripes on it. Therefore, it is tender to remember that stretch marks can appear literally overnight, but getting rid of them is already very difficult, and often impossible.

In late pregnancy, an unpleasant symptom of the first trimester may appear, namely fainting and dizziness. Only now they have nothing to do with stuffy rooms and lack of oxygen, now the cause of their appearance is a pinched vena cava while resting on the back. It is for this reason that it is very important for a pregnant woman to know how to sleep in late pregnancy so that no complications arise. Most experts recommend sleeping on your side in late pregnancy so that the vena cava is not squashed.

At this stage of pregnancy, the woman becomes especially absent-minded and forgetful. Nevertheless, there are bursts of violent energy before childbirth. Physical and emotional fatigue goes away and the nesting syndrome comes to replace, when the expectant mother wants to be in time for everything and to equip the apartment as much as possible for the arrival of the baby.

The last month is especially difficult for the expectant mother. Pregnancy in the ninth month of pain does not leave the woman until the birth itself. They appear here and there and are associated with a huge load and changes in the body of a pregnant woman. At night, the legs cramp with painful cramps, the ninth month of pregnancy hurts the stomach and pulling pain in the lower back, pressing dull pain in the pubic area, pain in the buttocks and pelvic region, uterine contractions are becoming more noticeable and this is not the whole list. Now the strength of the future mother is simply at the limit, but it is worth remembering that not a single pregnancy has lasted forever and everything will end very soon, it remains only to be patient a little.

Ninth month of pregnancy discharge

At the end of the ninth month of pregnancy, the nature of the discharge changes. It is now considered completely normal to produce mucus, in which blood streaks may be present. As a rule, such discharge can be triggered by examination by a gynecologist, or after intimacy with a spouse. But a few weeks before delivery, the mucous plug may begin to flow. This is normal before childbirth, but if the expectant mother has concerns about this, then you should see a doctor. Bleeding in the ninth month of pregnancy, as in any other period, is of particular concern to a pregnant woman. If it appears, you should immediately contact a specialist. Most often at this stage of pregnancy, every fourth case of bleeding is triggered by premature placental abruption. At the same time, mom and baby should feel good. A minor placental abruption in the final stage of pregnancy remains without consequences and may even go completely unnoticed. However, only a doctor can diagnose the exact cause of bleeding.

Detachment of a large part of the placenta can lead to quite severe external and internal bleeding, which can resemble a period with some clots. At the same time, the woman's blood pressure decreases, the pulse quickens, pallor and weakness appear.

Bleeding in the ninth month of pregnancy what are the consequences

When bleeding occurs, caused by the premature detachment of a larger part of the placenta, at best, the expectant mother is prescribed bed rest under the constant supervision of a doctor. In difficult cases, it is possible to use a caesarean section or induce a preterm labor. In any case, when bleeding occurs, the timely participation of the attending physician is necessary.

Harbingers of childbirth

Every ninth month pregnant woman looks forward to the onset of labor and looks with close attention for changes or symptoms that indicate the onset of labor. It is impossible to find out the exact date of the baby's appearance, even during an ultrasound scan, the specialist only says the approximate date of birth, because only the baby decides when to be born. However, there are some precursors of childbirth that can tell the expectant mother that childbirth is just around the corner.

The approaching birth is most clearly indicated by abdominal prolapse, when the baby descends into the pelvic area. In addition, a slight decrease in weight can signal an upcoming event. Some experts claim that a woman can lose 1-2 kg in a few days, this is due to hormonal changes before childbirth.

However, it should be understood that pregnancy is individual in nature and one pregnant woman may have weight loss, while the other will not have it at all, or the birth itself will not begin in a few days, but, for example, in a few weeks.

The discharge of the mucous plug also speaks of the approaching birth. As soon as the cervix begins to mature, its canal opens slightly. The mucous plug, which all this time served as a protective barrier, begins to come out. As a rule, mucus is colorless or with a yellow tinge, but it can be streaked with blood.

While the body is completing preparations for childbirth, the expectant mother has time to thoroughly prepare for the upcoming event, but the main thing is to remain calm and positive. Given that childbirth can occur at any time, it is better to always take your passport and exchange card with you when leaving home.

Nutrition in the ninth month of pregnancy

In the ninth month of pregnancy, nutrition is still a very important moment in the life of the expectant mother. Not only the overall weight gain, but also the well-being of the mother and the baby, as well as the development of the upcoming birth, depends on how well she eats. Weight in the ninth month of pregnancy should normally increase by 12-14 kg from the moment of pregnancy. However, each expectant mother's weight is made up of individual parameters. However, if the increase in the expectant mother significantly exceeds the norm, it is worth paying attention to proper nutrition.

Salty, fried, spicy foods, confectionery products in the last month of pregnancy should completely disappear from the diet of the expectant mother. It is now also worth cutting down on foods high in calcium. Preference now should be given to vegetables and fruits, various cereals with a small addition of meat.

Sex in the ninth month of pregnancy

In the ninth month of pregnancy, it is possible to have sex or not, each family decides on an individual basis. The opinion of experts in this regard differs. Some argue. That at such a late stage of pregnancy it is better to refrain from intimate relationships, because they can provoke premature birth. Other experts see no compelling reason to refuse the physical intimacy of spouses, in the absence of contraindications during pregnancy.

There are times when the baby sits in the tummy longer than it should, and then sex can become one of the methods of natural stimulation of childbirth.

Ninth month of pregnancy video

Publication author: Leonid Guryev

krasota42.ru

Pregnancy is a joyous event in the life of every woman who wants to have a baby. In addition, this is also a very responsible and difficult period, which can bring not only joy, but also anxiety. Pregnancy is known to last 9 months or 40 weeks. For convenience, the division of this entire period into trimesters is accepted, of which there are only three. We publish a convenient table of pregnancy trimesters by week in this article. You will learn how the weeks and months of pregnancy are divided into trimesters and what to expect from each trimester, all this should be known to any woman preparing to become a mother.

Very often we are asked - "how many weeks are the first, second, third trimester?" let's figure it out in order.

When does 1 trimester start and how long

The beginning of pregnancy is counted from the last menstruation. Thus, it turns out that the first month of pregnancy begins even before conception. What happens in the first trimester of pregnancy:

At 1-2 weeks of pregnancy, ovulation and fertilization of the egg occurs.
At 3-4 weeks, the egg goes down the fallopian tubes into the uterus and is implanted into its wall.

If everything went well, the fertilized egg is fixed in the uterus, then the pregnancy develops further. Therefore, 2-3 weeks of pregnancy are considered an important moment for its further course.

In the following weeks, the embryo grows and develops.

Important systems of the body begin to form: nervous, bone, muscle.

By week 6, the heart, arms and legs are formed.

The embryo is about 6 mm long.

At 7-8 weeks, the rudiments of the eyes, chest, belly appear in the baby.

The first senses appear.

8-10 weeks - the child has a face, fingers and toes.

The fetus begins to move, but the mother still does not feel it. The embryo is about 12 mm long.

By the end of the first trimester, by 13 weeks, the baby has formed eyelids, the baby's genitals are distinguishable, and the sex of the baby can be determined.

The first trimester lasts three months or 12-13 weeks. This period is very important for the development of the unborn child. Sometimes at this time, an abortion may occur if there are any pathologies of the embryo or abnormalities in the mother's health.

Therefore, it is very important in the first trimester to lead a healthy lifestyle, get rid of bad habits, exclude the use of drugs and any substances that can harm the health of the future crumbs.

The body of a woman during this period is actively being rebuilt. The hormonal background is changing. Breasts swell, nipples become sensitive. A pregnant woman becomes more emotional: she is quickly irritated or cries.

Frequent urge to use the toilet appears, because the growing uterus presses on the bladder. Toxicosis may begin.

Immunity is reduced so that the mother's body does not reject the embryo. In the first trimester, a woman should be especially careful about her health.

Get more rest, sleep, walk, eat well, avoid overwork and stress. The health of the unborn child depends on the health of the mother.

Duration 2 terms

The second trimester is considered to be from the fourth month or 14 weeks of pregnancy. The borderline 13 week sometimes refers to the second trimester. But this is not so important. At 13 weeks, the main organs and systems of the fetus are already formed, and the fetus takes on the appearance of a little man.

This trimester is characterized by the active growth of the child. From a length of 12-15 mm at the beginning of 14 weeks and a weight of 35 grams, it grows to 35 cm and weighs up to 1-1.2 kilograms by the end of the second trimester (27 weeks).

Borderline week 28 can be in the second or third trimester. At 28 weeks, the fetus is already well developed. that, with proper care, is capable of survival.

By the fifth month, the fetus has formed the rudiments of teeth, and a downy head grows. Cilia and eyebrows grow, but they are still colorless, the melanin pigment is not yet produced. Individual convolutions appear on the fingers of the pens - prints.

At 6 months (22-25, 26, 27 weeks) the child's bone marrow is functioning, and the intensive development of the brain continues. The nervous system of the baby is already quite developed. He hears sounds from outside. Loud sounds frighten him, calm music has a beneficial effect.

In the second trimester, at about 18 weeks, a woman first begins to feel the movement of the baby (many already at 16). This period usually proceeds quite well. Toxicosis passes, hormonal changes are completed and with it sudden mood swings and other early troubles.

The woman's abdomen becomes more and more noticeable and by the end of the sixth month, back pain may occur due to the increased load on the spine. In this case, the doctor may advise you to wear a special bandage.

In the second trimester, it is important to undergo an ultrasound scan in order to assess the development of the child, to identify the existing pathologies.

3 trimester. Its dangers

The final stage of pregnancy is the last three months or third trimester. What week does it start with? Usually it is considered from 28 to 40 weeks of gestation.

Starting at 28 weeks, the baby's lungs are so formed that they are able to inhale normal air. The child is asleep and awake, able to close and open his eyes.

By the end of 32 weeks, the child's weight reaches 2.5 kg, and the length is 45 cm From 33 to 37 weeks, the lungs have fully developed, the skin is smoothed, it becomes pinkish.

Muscle tone increases, the child can raise his head and turn it.

Reacts to bright light.

From 38 weeks, the baby is fully formed and ready for childbirth.

Labor begins at 40 weeks. However, this does not always happen. Sometimes labor activity can begin 1-2 weeks earlier or later than the prescribed period.

Prolonged pregnancy can have unpleasant consequences, so you need to go to the hospital if the deadline has come and there are no contractions.

Termination of pregnancy in this period can occur with some complications, although it is more correct to call it premature birth. After all, a child after 28 weeks is already quite viable, although it requires special care. Complications of pregnancy during this period include:

Placental function problems
High blood pressure in a pregnant woman (pre-eclamsia)
Abnormalities of the uterus and cervix
Bad habits in a pregnant woman

This period is often the most difficult for the expectant mother. The discomfort from the growing abdomen increases, the internal organs located in the neighborhood are squeezed. In the third trimester, the following problems may arise:

Difficulty breathing due to compression of the diaphragm
Back pain
Swelling and heaviness in the legs
Varicose veins in the legs
Increased urination
Pressure rise
Late toxicosis
Other ailments

You must tell your gynecologist about any problems of your body, you need to visit him weekly from now on. Most of these problems resolve after childbirth, but may require supportive care during pregnancy.

Thus, pregnancy is conventionally divided into three periods - trimesters. The table for the trimesters of pregnancy looks like this:

This table shows the trimesters of pregnancy by week and month.

Let's figure it out together: Doppler during pregnancy - what is it and why is it done? Is this examination really necessary?

An excellent device for relieving the load from the back - which bandage is better for pregnant women and how do they differ?

Trimester analyzes

Throughout the pregnancy, the expectant mother and child are under medical supervision.

The plans for the management of pregnancy include regular examinations, weighing, measurements of the abdomen by an obstetrician-gynecologist; consultations of other specialists, analyzes and research.

They will help determine if everything is in order with the mother and child, and if problems are found, prescribe treatment on time.

Most of the examinations and tests will have to be done in the first trimester, when registering for pregnancy with your gynecologist.

In the first trimester, tests are taken to assess the following indicators:

Blood characteristics
HCG level in blood or urine
The presence of sugar in the blood and urine
General urine indicators
Determine the blood group and Rh factor, in the presence of negative rhesus in the mother, it is imperative to determine the rhesus of the father
The presence of infections in the blood (HIV, syphilis, viral hepatitis, etc.)
Antibodies to ToRCH infections (toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes)
Determine the microflora of the vagina by smear and culture on PPI
For a period of 12 weeks, the first screening is carried out - a comprehensive examination, including an ultrasound scan and a blood test from a vein. The main task of screening is to identify genetic abnormalities in the fetus.

This survey is optional. However, in some cases, or simply at will, a doctor may recommend it.

Choosing a gift for a newborn? Make a diaper cake with your own hands: step-by-step photos of making will help you with your work.

In the second trimester, re-examine:

General blood analysis
Once a month they donate urine for analysis
Second screening at 16-18 weeks
Second ultrasound at 18-21 weeks, if the second screening was not done

The second screening includes a triple test. At the same time, the level of proteins is determined - AFP, hCG and estriol. This helps to rule out genetic diseases such as Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome and neural tube defects. The ultrasound examines the abnormalities in the formed organs and systems of the fetus.

In the last trimester:

Repeated blood test for infections (HIV, hepatitis, syphilis)
A smear for microflora and genital infections from the vagina
Urine analysis is taken more often once every 1-2 weeks
Blood chemistry
Last ultrasound and preferably dopplerography

Such tests for trimesters are taken by pregnant women without fail during the normal course of pregnancy. However, when a woman has health problems or complications arise, the doctor will prescribe additional tests and studies, as well as specialist consultations if necessary.

No matter what difficulties a woman faces in different trimesters of pregnancy, there are always positive aspects. After all, it is so wonderful to watch how the baby is born, develops and grows. And such a miracle as the birth of a new life overshadows any difficulties that may arise during pregnancy and during childbirth.

How is the intrauterine development of the child

All trimesters of pregnancy by week, indicating the most dangerous periods, All about pregnancy

Very often we are asked - "how many weeks are the first, second, third trimester?" let's figure it out in order.

When does 1 trimester start and how long

The beginning of pregnancy is counted from the last menstruation. Thus, it turns out that the first month of pregnancy begins even before conception. What happens in the first trimester of pregnancy:

At 1-2 weeks of pregnancy, ovulation and fertilization of the egg occurs.
At 3-4 weeks, the egg goes down the fallopian tubes into the uterus and is implanted into its wall.

If everything went well, the fertilized egg is fixed in the uterus, then the pregnancy develops further. Therefore, 2-3 weeks of pregnancy are considered an important moment for its further course.

In the following weeks, the embryo grows and develops.

Important systems of the body begin to form: nervous, bone, muscle.

By week 6, the heart, arms and legs are formed.

The embryo is about 6 mm long.

At 7-8 weeks, the rudiments of the eyes, chest, belly appear in the baby.

The first senses appear.

8-10 weeks - the child has a face, fingers and toes.

The fetus begins to move, but the mother still does not feel it. The embryo is about 12 mm long.

By the end of the first trimester, by 13 weeks, the baby has formed eyelids, the baby's genitals are distinguishable, and the sex of the baby can be determined.

Therefore, it is very important in the first trimester to lead a healthy lifestyle, get rid of bad habits, exclude the use of drugs and any substances that can harm the health of the future crumbs.

Frequent urge to use the toilet appears, because the growing uterus presses on the bladder. Toxicosis may begin.

Immunity is reduced so that the mother's body does not reject the embryo. In the first trimester, a woman should be especially careful about her health.

Get more rest, sleep, walk, eat well, avoid overwork and stress. The health of the unborn child depends on the health of the mother.

Duration 2 terms

Borderline week 28 can be in the second or third trimester. At 28 weeks, the fetus is already well developed. that, with proper care, is capable of survival.

In the second trimester, it is important to undergo an ultrasound scan in order to assess the development of the child, to identify the existing pathologies.

3 trimester. Its dangers

The final stage of pregnancy is the last three months or third trimester. What week does it start with? Usually it is considered from 28 to 40 weeks of gestation.

Starting at 28 weeks, the baby's lungs are so formed that they are able to inhale normal air. The child is asleep and awake, able to close and open his eyes.

By the end of 32 weeks, the child's weight reaches 2.5 kg, and the length is 45 cm From 33 to 37 weeks, the lungs have fully developed, the skin is smoothed, it becomes pinkish.

Muscle tone increases, the child can raise his head and turn it.

Reacts to bright light.

From 38 weeks, the baby is fully formed and ready for childbirth.

Labor begins at 40 weeks. However, this does not always happen. Sometimes labor activity can begin 1-2 weeks earlier or later than the prescribed period.

Prolonged pregnancy can have unpleasant consequences, so you need to go to the hospital if the deadline has come and there are no contractions.

Placental function problems
High blood pressure in a pregnant woman (pre-eclamsia)
Abnormalities of the uterus and cervix
Bad habits in a pregnant woman

Difficulty breathing due to compression of the diaphragm
Back pain
Swelling and heaviness in the legs
Varicose veins in the legs
Increased urination
Pressure rise
Late toxicosis
Other ailments

Thus, pregnancy is conventionally divided into three periods - trimesters. The table for the trimesters of pregnancy looks like this:

This table shows the trimesters of pregnancy by week and month.

Let's figure it out together: Doppler during pregnancy - what is it and why is it done? Is this examination really necessary?

An excellent device for relieving the load from the back - which bandage is better for pregnant women and how do they differ?

Trimester analyzes

Throughout the pregnancy, the expectant mother and child are under medical supervision.

They will help determine if everything is in order with the mother and child, and if problems are found, prescribe treatment on time.

Most of the examinations and tests will have to be done in the first trimester, when registering for pregnancy with your gynecologist.

In the first trimester, tests are taken to assess the following indicators:

Blood characteristics
HCG level in blood or urine
The presence of sugar in the blood and urine
General urine indicators
Determine the blood group and Rh factor, in the presence of negative rhesus in the mother, it is imperative to determine the rhesus of the father
The presence of infections in the blood (HIV, syphilis, viral hepatitis, etc.)
Antibodies to ToRCH infections (toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes)
Determine the microflora of the vagina by smear and culture on PPI
For a period of 12 weeks, the first screening is carried out - a comprehensive examination, including an ultrasound scan and a blood test from a vein. The main task of screening is to identify genetic abnormalities in the fetus.

This survey is optional. However, in some cases, or simply at will, a doctor may recommend it.

Choosing a gift for a newborn? Make a diaper cake with your own hands: step-by-step photos of making will help you with your work.

In the second trimester, re-examine:

General blood analysis
Once a month they donate urine for analysis
Second screening at 16-18 weeks
Second ultrasound at 18-21 weeks, if the second screening was not done

In the last trimester:

Repeated blood test for infections (HIV, hepatitis, syphilis)
A smear for microflora and genital infections from the vagina
Urine analysis is taken more often once every 1-2 weeks
Blood chemistry
Last ultrasound and preferably dopplerography

How is the intrauterine development of the child

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Hello dear readers! Before we had time to blink an eye, we found ourselves at the most crucial stage, the end of which will be a grand event in your life. What has prepared for us9 month pregnant , how long it lasts, what problems you will have to face - I am essentially answering these and many other questions that are sure to torment you.

Unusual month

If you decide to find outfrom what week the 9th month begins, then you should know - from the 35th. The final segment pregnancy is not entirely normal, since it can last from four to six weeks, because both a period of 38 and a period of 40 or even 42 weeks fit into the norm.

So, twins may well be asked to go outside at 35-36 weeks, and a single child can wait another two to three weeks.

Brief weekly overview

How does fetal development proceed? from 35 to 40 weeks, and what changes occur in a woman's body?

35 week. Our baby is growing by leaps and bounds - every week he is gaining 250-350 grams. With an average height of 46 cm, he already weighs 2.4 kg. Due to the accumulation of subcutaneous fat, the skin of the crumbs straightens more and more, but the cute folds on the legs, neck and arms will remain after childbirth. Unique fingerprints become clearer.

The child still needs a lot of calcium, because the formation of the skeleton in humans continues right up to the age of 25. If the nervous system and immunity have not yet completed their formation, and the lungs do not yet know how to breathe on their own, then in all other respects the baby is completely ready to appear amazed to the public.

Week 36. The baby is almost completely ready for birth. Most of its systems function fully (brain, liver, kidneys, circulatory system), others will be launched at the time of birth: the lungs will begin to breathe, the intestines will excrete processed food. Due to the fact that the lungs do not yet perform their functions, the birth of a child during this period is considered undesirable, since he will need special equipment for breathing.

At week 37 the placenta begins to "age", so the intake of nutrients is reduced. The lungs are already developed enough, but they are not yet included in the circulatory system. This will happen at birth, when a special valve opens in the heart of the newborn. The baby inside already hears all the sounds and rejoices in the familiar voice of the parents, and in his brain the process of formation of coordination of movements is launched, which will last the first year of life. All reflexes become clearer, especially sucking.

At 38 weeks due to restrictions on nutrients entering through the placenta, growth and weight gain of the baby is inhibited. Although most moms have belly size not just big, but huge, the crumbs inside are very cramped, so he is not so active. But during the day, you should feel an average of 10 shocks. A special surfactant substance has already appeared in the tiny lungs, which will help to take the first breath. If you are expecting a girl, then she may well appear this week. Girls are bolder, and prefer to finish a difficult task faster.

Baby size and final weeks

If you find it difficult to imagine what your baby looks like inphoto of the fetus, then at 39 weeks in weight and length, it resembles a small 3 kg watermelon with a diameter of 50 cm. Among the features of this week, it is worth mentioning the inability of the child to focus his gaze beyond 30 cm - this is the distance he needs to see the mother's chest and face. But his brain already perceives volume, colors and movement.

In appearance, the child is no different from a newborn, but his motor activity decreases even more - there is no room at all in the uterus, the amount of amniotic fluid has decreased, and in order to be born, you need to accumulate strength.

If you walk 40 weeks , then your baby is clearly in no hurry, despite the fact that he is completely ready to get acquainted with the new world. Only the bones of the skull did not grow together to make it easier to pass through the birth canal. The merger will take place a few days after it appears on the account.

About your well-being

Due to the active growth of the baby, it becomes harder and harder for mom to breathe, suffers from shortness of breath and heartburn, and the tremors of the crumbs sitting inside to the liver area can be simply intolerable.

And yet the sensations every woman is special. Some are full of energy for walks, meeting with friends and endless conversations about the upcoming birth and the difficulties of life. Others dream of only one thing - it would all be over as soon as possible (and such, according to observations, are the majority).

By the 38th week, the abdomen sinks, so the constant feeling of the "pulling uterus" tires. Although breathing becomes easier, the pressure on the bladder increases even more. It is inconvenient to sleep, sit, stand, and in my head there is a complete mess and fear of the upcoming birth. The body is preparing for a serious test - the hormonal background changes, the joints become more mobile, the pelvic bones move apart.

Unpleasant conditions of the final month of pregnancy:

frequent urination and diarrhea;
heartburn and shortness of breath;
swelling;
excretion of colostrum;
training fights;
tingling of fingers and toes.

Recommendations aboutdo's and don'ts remain unchanged. Take care of yourself, carefully listen to the body, do not be nervous. And keep your exchange card close to your heart, because you can get to the hospital at any time.

Dangers 9 months

The signal for an emergency trip to the hospital will be the flowing away water, which may "spill out" or slightly leak. If sharplylower abdomen hurt , and on your underwear you found scarlet blood, urgently see a doctor. These can be symptoms of placental abruption, a condition that is very harmful to the baby.

Among other dangers for 9 months, let's not forget about:

gestosis - a strong increase in pressure (to understand this will helpanalyzes urine for protein and blood pressure measurement);
eclampsia is a complication of gestosis with fainting, seizures and respiratory arrest;
hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of the fetus.

If you experience a condition similar to , call an ambulance without hesitation.

Though is not strictly prohibited; at the final stage, most couples refrain from it. But if you go too long, don't be surprised if your doctor advises you to have sex to stimulate the process.

About presentation and brace

With the approach of childbirth, the question of correct presentation becomes more and more relevant, because the principle of delivery depends on it - independent or with the help of cesarean. The doctor will allow you to give birth on your own if the presentation is head or breech. Caesarean is usually used if the child:

rests on the legs against the uterine pharynx;
lies diagonally, for example, with the head to the mother's right reed, and with the bottom to her left ribs;
across the uterus.

There is a whole system of effective exercises that help the baby to unfold in the womb. For example, you can lie alternately on each side for 10 minutes, or lie on your back for 5 minutes with your knees bent and a roller under your lower back. Your activities in the pool will also help your baby. It usually takes a couple of weeks for the baby to turn around. As soon as the doctor delivers this good news, put it on - he will prevent the fidget from taking the wrong position again.

Important! If you have an incorrect presentation, you cannot wear a bandage!

Analyzes

At week 38 you will have to:

pass a general urine test;
measure blood pressure;
determine the circumference of the abdomen;
the height of the fundus of the uterus;
the size of the pelvis;
undergo CTG with a record of the baby's heartbeat and uterine contractions.

The gynecologist will also assess how the cervix is \u200b\u200bpreparing for childbirth. Ultrasound at 9 months is carried out only if complications are suspected, for example, when the doctor assumes an umbilical cord entanglement.

Maternity hospital bags

Now your baby can at any time declare his desire to be born :), so if you have not yet prepared bags for the hospital, then it’s time to take care of this important issue.

You need to collect 3 handbags:

for childbirth, for you
to the postpartum department. for you and baby
for discharge from the hospital for you and your baby

You can see the list of what to put in each of them here.

Read more about each week in my pregnancy calendar, and be sure to like and post articles on social networks if the information in them turned out to be useful to you.

Throughout pregnancy, a woman is looking forward to when the baby will be born. But at the same time, it becomes a little alarming, because a very crucial moment will soon come - childbirth. And the expectant mother would like to know in more detail how the last month of pregnancy will proceed and what can be expected from him. After all, it is better to be ready for anything than worrying over trifles.

Timing determination

Pregnancy lasts on average 280 days or 40 obstetric weeks. This corresponds to the usual 9 months with the addition of another 7 days. The period of bearing a child for each woman is individual, but it should not go beyond normal values. For example, if a baby is born before 37 weeks, he is considered premature, and after nine months - delayed.

It is extremely important to determine the gestational age itself, because from this all further calculations of the date of birth will be carried out. This is done in various ways:

By the last month or date of conception.
By the first movement of the fetus.
Based on the results of a gynecological examination.
By ultrasound examination.
According to a blood test for chorionic gonadotropin.

The simplest method is to calculate by calendar dates. A woman can even do it on her own, knowing when her last menstruation began, had sexual intercourse and ovulated. The time of release of the egg from the follicle is easily determined by measuring the basal (rectal) temperature. But for this you need to keep a diary for more than one cycle. A woman can find out the gestational age based on the time when she felt the first fetal movement. But this will happen much later - at 20 and 18 weeks (respectively, in primiparous and multiparous).

A gynecological examination will be more indicative, when the doctor, focusing on the size of the uterus during a bimanual (two-handed) examination, tells the woman the approximate gestational age. But this method also does not give full accuracy - the range of values \u200b\u200breaches 2 weeks. Additional diagnostic methods are considered the most reliable, among which ultrasound is widely used. Chorionic gonadotropin is studied less frequently.

The term of the expected birth is calculated at the first examination by the doctor, when the pregnant woman is registered with the antenatal clinic. First, a preliminary calculation is carried out based on anamnestic data - the date of the beginning of the last menstruation. You should subtract 3 months from it and add 7 days. But this is only an approximate time, and it is difficult to say how it will actually happen. More accurate information is obtained at the first ultrasound screening at 11-14 weeks.

You can find out the duration of pregnancy and childbirth in several ways, but it is better to focus on the most informative and reliable ones.

Fetal development

A baby at 9 months of pregnancy is already fully formed and is considered full-term. Therefore, he is quite ready to be born and live in an external environment. Among the signs of morphological maturity, the following should be noted:

Weight over 2.5 kg (typically around 3200–3400 g).
The body length is not less than 46 cm (mainly 50–52 cm).
Pink and clear skin, no grease residue.
The subcutaneous fat layer is well developed.
Fluffy hair remained only on the head, shoulders and between the shoulder blades.
Formed auricles, elastic cartilage.
Nails protrude slightly beyond the edge of the fingers.
Only the large fontanelle is open.
The navel is located in the middle of the distance between the xiphoid process and the bosom.
Boys' testicles are located in the scrotum.
In girls, the genital slit is closed, the small lips are covered with large ones.

If a baby is born in the ninth month of pregnancy, then all systems are already developed, so he is completely ready for life outside the mother's womb. Signs of functional maturity of a newborn include:

Shout.
The movements in the limbs are active, chaotic.
Increased muscle tone (flexion posture).
Consistent body temperature.
Respiration rate 40-60 per minute, stable and without delays (apnea).
Heartbeat with a frequency of 120-140 per minute, rhythmic.
Reflexes of good liveliness, symmetrical.

It will not be superfluous for the expectant mother to know that a full-term baby has well-expressed unconditioned reflexes. Some of them are vital (swallowing, sneezing and coughing), therefore they persist, while others exist for the first 6 months. The most important transient reflexes found in a young child are:

Sucking.
Proboscis.
Prehensile.
Search.
Supports.
Protective.

At birth, the child's condition is assessed on a special scale that takes into account the most important morphological and functional characteristics: skin color, reflexes and muscle tone, heartbeat and respiration. In accordance with it, groups of children's health are formed. Normally, on the Apgar scale, the child receives from 8 to 10 points.

A child born at the end of pregnancy, namely at 9 months, is full-term and already fully formed.

Changes in a woman's body

With the approach of the end of pregnancy, the woman already feels that the baby will soon be born. This can be recognized by a number of changes in the body. Starting at 36 weeks, precursor contractions appear, which prepare the uterus for further childbirth. At this time, muscle fibers contract, which leads to painful sensations in the lower abdomen and in the sacrum. They do not depend on external factors (body position or walking), which makes them different from the pseudo-Braxton-Higgs contractions. But, like the latter, they are irregular and are not accompanied by cervical dilatation. Most often they occur in the evenings or at night, causing a woman to wake up.

In addition to precursor contractions, the ninth month of pregnancy is characterized by other changes in the woman's body. The uterus is already decently enlarged. The height of the bottom is 36–38 cm, and the abdominal circumference is close to 100 cm. But about a week before childbirth, the uterus sinks more deeply into the pelvic cavity, so the woman feels some relief: heartburn decreases and it becomes easier to breathe. Due to the absorption of amniotic fluid, she can even lose weight up to 1.5 kg. However, instead, there is distension and heaviness in the lower abdomen, dull pain in the pubic region and sacrum due to the pressure of the fetal head on the pelvic nerves. And when walking, a woman can seem awkward and awkward.

Given the growth of the uterus and fetus, in the last stages of pregnancy, discomfort becomes more and more intense, among which the following should be noted:

Constipation and bloating.
Increased urination.
Pain in the lumbar spine.
Pasty of the lower extremities.
Calf muscle cramps.
Itching and stretch marks on the abdomen.

At 37-40 weeks, symptoms characteristic of the early stages may well appear. The woman suffers from mood swings, insomnia, and dizziness and fainting. But the latter are associated with the so-called inferior vena cava syndrome, when in the supine position the uterus presses on the vessels that carry blood to the heart. Other signs, such as increased anxiety, anxiety, excitability, and hyperactivity, also occur. Many are worried about the approaching birth, which affects the psycho-emotional state.

The function of the genitals changes. Physiological discharge (leucorrhoea) becomes thicker and more abundant. They may contain blood (streaks) or become brownish. Immediately before childbirth, a mucous plug leaves, which leads to an increase in the amount of discharge. Colostrum - a thick white mass - is already beginning to be secreted from the breast, which indicates that the gland is ready for lactation.

The ninth month of pregnancy is characterized by a mass of changes in the woman's body, by which one can recognize the impending birth.

Survey

At the end of pregnancy, a woman should be careful about her health, because a crucial stage is approaching - its completion. For this purpose, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the expectant mother and child. Weekly monitoring is required, which primarily includes a medical examination. First, the specialist determines the height of the uterine fundus and abdominal circumference, body weight, position and presentation of the fetus. Then blood pressure is measured, the results of urine analysis (protein, sugar) are checked. This is necessary to identify probable signs of gestosis and other obstetric pathology (for example, gestational diabetes).

Ultrasound is performed to determine the condition of the fetus. The last screening is done at 34–37 weeks of gestation. But if necessary, it is also repeated before childbirth. If the fetus has signs of hypoxia, the doctor will also prescribe cardiotocography. And in the first stage of labor, it will also show the dynamics of contractions (frequency, duration and intensity).

The beginning of labor

Many women who have stepped into the 9th month of pregnancy are wondering how you can find out that labor is starting. This moment is unlikely to go unnoticed, because it comes with the following symptoms:

Discharge of the mucous plug from the cervical canal.
Rupture of amniotic fluid (rupture of the fetal bladder).
Regular contractions of the uterus (contractions).

The mucous plug comes off about 1-2 days before the onset of contractions. This can be seen by the pinkish discharge. Sometimes this is observed at the beginning of labor, when the cervix begins to open. Amniotic fluid is poured out immediately or in parts. They leave the day before childbirth or directly in the first period: first a small portion (front), and with the release of the child all the rest.

Labor pains are regular contractions of the muscle layer of the uterus. At first, they last no more than 20 seconds with an interval of 15-30 minutes. Then the contractions become more frequent, longer and more intense. The last contractions come in a few minutes and turn into attempts.

You can find out about the approach of childbirth by a number of signs that are difficult to miss.

When the ninth month of pregnancy has come, the woman should be even more attentive to herself. She will hear important recommendations from the doctor and must carefully follow them. These include the following:

Be in the fresh air more often.
Do not expose yourself to physical activity.
Eat correctly and fully.
Change sanitary napkins regularly.
Wear comfortable shoes and clothing, and if necessary, a prenatal bandage.
Prepare breasts for lactation.

A special place is occupied by the issue of sex in the last month of pregnancy. But only a doctor will definitely answer it. Some recommend refraining from sexual intercourse at this time, as this can provoke early childbirth. Others do not prohibit, unless the woman has leakage of amniotic fluid, placenta previa, multiple pregnancies and the risk of premature birth. But before having sex, it is better to consult a doctor about this. If he permits, then positions that eliminate pressure on the abdomen are best suited: on the side or in the knee-elbow position. Sometimes sexual intercourse can be considered a good stimulant if childbirth is delayed for some reason.

It is important for a woman to psychologically prepare for the approaching end of pregnancy and the birth of a baby. Courses for future parents help a lot in this. After waiting for the ninth month, you should go through another important stage - childbirth. And after that, you can truly feel the joy of motherhood, relax and immerse yourself in the atmosphere of caring for a child.

As you know, the 9th calendar month of pregnancy is the final stage of the entire gestational period. This time period is the most exciting for the expectant mother herself, because there is very little time left before the main event of the entire pregnancy. Let's take a closer look at the 9th month of pregnancy, talk about the sensations, define: which week it starts from, and what changes occur at this time.

How does the expectant mother feel at 9 months?

Before talking about the well-being of a pregnant woman at such a period, it must be said that in obstetric weeks this period is 36, and 9 months starts from 33 weeks of gestation. Thus, according to the calculations of doctors, a woman still has 4 weeks before the baby is born. However, in practice, childbirth can be observed already at 38-39 weeks, especially when it comes to multiparous. Recall that a full-term child is considered to be born within 37-40 weeks.

The stomach at the 9th month of pregnancy looks like a large watermelon in volume and shape. The fundus of the uterus is set at 35-40 cm above the bosom. It is with this fact, first of all, that the sensations of a pregnant woman are associated.

Due to the fact that the uterus occupies all the free space in the abdominal cavity, its bottom strongly presses on the diaphragm. As a result, quite often at the end of pregnancy, women experience shortness of breath and difficulty breathing (there is a feeling of shortness of breath). As a rule, this feeling is present throughout the ninth month. Only 2-3 weeks before the onset of childbirth, when the woman begins to feel better.

In view of the fact that the free space in the abdomen is limited, the organs located in it, in particular those related to the digestive system, change their position. That is why it is often during this period that pregnant women are faced with heartburn. To prevent this from happening, great attention must be paid to nutrition at the 9th month of pregnancy. The diet should be free from fried foods, smoking, salting. Dairy products, boiled meat, fresh vegetables will be useful for the expectant mother.

As for the changes in the body of a pregnant woman, by the end of the 9th month of pregnancy, the placenta begins to reduce the synthesis of hormones, primarily progesterone. In response to this, the body synthesizes in a larger volume a hormone that increases the tone of the uterine myometrium, and thereby provokes the early onset of the labor process.

The circulatory system of a woman at this time begins to actively produce red blood cells in a larger quantity. This prepares the body for possible blood loss during childbirth.

What changes does the fetus undergo at the 9th month of pregnancy?

The baby's body is actively preparing for the birth. So, there are changes in the respiratory system: a substance such as surfactant begins to be synthesized, the highest concentration of which is noted by 36 weeks. It is it that is necessary for the expansion of the lungs during the first breath after birth. At the same time, there is an improvement in the work of internal organs and systems.

As for weight gain, during this period the fetus can add 15-30 g per day, while its body length reaches 45-47 cm by the end of the month.

What difficulties can a 9 month pregnant woman face?

In view of the fact that the belly is large at this time, expectant mothers are thinking about how to sleep properly at 9 months of pregnancy. The only acceptable posture for sleeping and resting is on the left side.

Also, often at the 9th month of pregnancy, the expectant mother complains that she has a stomach ache. In such cases, it is very important to understand the cause of the pain. If the pains are mild, aching in nature, localized in the lower abdomen and occur only periodically, then most likely this is due to the discrepancy of the pelvic joint. This is how the body prepares for the upcoming birth.

If the pain is pronounced, it occurs in attacks, and increases over time, then in such cases it is necessary to consult a doctor. Perhaps this is caused by an increased tone of the uterus, which requires medical supervision. As a rule, such women are admitted to the hospital.

In the 9th month of pregnancy, the functional systems of the fetus are preparing for adaptation in extrauterine existence, and many of them are already performing specific functions.

Babies born by the end of the 36th week of pregnancy are considered full term. If a child was born before 37 weeks, then he is considered premature, if later than 42 weeks, then delayed.

The laying of the alveoli ends, in almost each of them there is a surfactant covering the respiratory surface. The respiratory center, located in the medulla oblongata, may already provide the breathing process.

The development of the liver and pancreas continues, but their formation is not yet completed by the time of delivery; even in the first years of life, it continues. The fetal brain is so developed that it is able to "catch" the mother's moods and respond to them by changing motor activity.

We completely pass the digestive tract, and thanks to the formed intestinal villi and weak peristaltic movements, meconium (original feces) moves to its lower parts.

The stomach glands produce pepsin, and the pancreas produces insulin. It is important that the contents of the digestive tract are absolutely sterile: the bacteria involved in the process of digestion settle in it only when ingested with mother's milk.

A sucking apparatus is formed. This is facilitated by:

active blood supply to the oral mucosa;
the formation of the chewing muscles and salivary glands. Their final development occurs only after the start of breastfeeding;
the formation of specific devices that facilitate sucking - special rollers on the mucous membrane of the jaws and lips.

Changes also occur in the child's endocrine system. The adrenal glands grow in size, and during childbirth, they produce adrenaline and norepinephrine, stress hormones. Thanks to special studies, it has been proven that the blood of a newborn contains several times more of these hormones than in a state of severe stress in an adult. This is a kind of adaptive response that allows the baby to get ready for childbirth.

Other "devices" that facilitate the process of childbirth include the condition of the bones of the skull. The sutures of the skull are not yet formed, the bones themselves are soft and pliable. Two fontanelles (parietal above the frontal bone and occipital in the back of the head) and soft sutures allow you to change the configuration of the fetal skull during the passage of the mother's birth canal.

Sufficiently developed subcutaneous fatty tissue, sensory organs, as well as coordinated movements.

The amount of lubricant on the skin, equal to the number of vellus hair, is minimal. The marigolds protrude above the phalanges of the fingers. The external genital organs are finally formed; in boys, the testicles are already in the scrotum, and in girls the labia minora are covered with large ones.

By the end of the 9th month, the weight of the fetus is approximately 2600-5000 g, and the length is from 48 to 54 cm.

Physiological changes in the mother's body

The general well-being of the mother improves slightly: due to the fact that the fundus of the uterus has dropped lower, it is easier for the woman to breathe.

However, the contraction force of Braxton Hicks' false contractions can increase. They can go from unpleasant to painful, feeling like menstrual cramps. Before the very birth, they can become as strong as possible. In general, changing body position or starting to walk can ease the discomfort.

In the 9th month of pregnancy, women who have undergone surgery on the uterus in the past or in case of the death of a child during a previous birth should be hospitalized in advance.

The process of urination becomes more frequent than usual, due to the proximity of the baby's head to the bladder. Lower back pain can also get worse as the child sinks lower; the ligaments of the pelvis and uterus stretch more.

Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in the form of diarrhea and constipation, nausea disturb the pregnant woman more and more often. The reason is the action of the hormones of childbirth on the gastrointestinal tract.

Vaginal discharge that is pinkish or milky white also becomes more abundant.

In the last stages of the mother, a mucous substance that protected the uterus from infections during pregnancy leaves the genital tract - a cork. It can come out as a few weeks or days, and a few hours before delivery or directly in them. Externally, the cork resembles a dense yellowish, brown or transparent jelly with veins.

Bloody issues. They are blood-stained vaginal discharge preceding the exit of the plug. The reason is the rupture of the blood vessels of the cervix due to its "erasure". The discharge is not abundant, about the size of a teaspoon, and their color varies from brown to pink. If there is more blood in the discharge than mucus, and they themselves are bright red, you should immediately inform your doctor about it.

In the process of preparing a woman's body for childbirth, the ratio of hormones in the woman's blood also changes: the level of progesterone decreases, the amount of oxytocin, estrogen and prostaglandin increases. Thanks to the action of these hormones, the pelvic ligaments are weakened, and the vaginal tissues become more elastic. Under the influence of these hormones, the cervix becomes softer and thinner, which prepares it to open.

The very process of preparing for childbirth can take from several hours and days to several weeks. During this period, the child sinks even lower into the pelvic cavity, the cervix opens to a width of 1-2 centimeters.

Changes in appearance

The fundus of the uterus in the last month of pregnancy is located halfway between the xiphoid process of the sternum and the navel. The navel bulges out at the end of pregnancy. Possible aggravation of existing edema on the face, arms and legs, an increase in varicose veins. Weight gain is insignificant, and there may be some weight loss before childbirth.

Emotional background

In the 9th month, it is normal to feel anxious inside without any external cause. You just need to relax and trust your mother's instinct.

unlimited rest. It is advisable to go to bed when the baby is sleeping;
limiting the number of visitors and the time of communication with them in case they are a burden;
good food with a lot of complex carbohydrates to replenish energy reserves, from drinks it is better to give preference to plain spring water. Exclude caffeine, alcohol, soft drinks;
acceptance of all offers of assistance in cleaning, food preparation, without exception;
communication with other expectant mothers - there are a huge number of topics for conversation now.

The principles of nutrition are the same as in the last stages of pregnancy.

The only difference is the higher content of complex carbohydrates in the diet: at this time, fat depots are formed in the body of the fetus and the mother - a supply of nutrients necessary not only during childbirth, but also for full lactation. Carbohydrates replenish glycogen stores in the muscles of the body and liver, in the placenta and uterine muscles.

The rate of protein intake is 2 g per 1 kg of body weight, fats - 1.5 g per 1 kg of body weight, carbohydrates - 7, 0 g per 1 kg of body weight.

Typical problems in the 9th month include: nausea, constipation, heartburn. A large number of vegetable and fruit salads in the diet will help cope with constipation, with diarrhea - a large amount of fiber in whole grain breads, bananas, oatmeal, rice, bran, oatmeal.

The diet should contain at least 3-4 servings of foods high in calcium (sources - cottage cheese, milk, hard cheese) and iron (sources - turkey, seafood, spinach, buckwheat, apples, dried fruits). The main sources of folate are beans and lentils, green leafy vegetables, and vitamin C: citrus fruits, papaya, cauliflower, tomatoes, broccoli, bell peppers and kiwi.

Since in the last term, the liver and kidneys of the pregnant woman work with a load greater than usual, it is better to use salads and light vegetarian soups instead of fried meat, rich broths and hot spices.

It is better to refuse sugar, confectionery, white bread, sausages, sausages, smoked meats, canned meat and fish. No coffee and alcohol.

It is better to eat often and little by little (5-6 times a day at intervals of 3 hours). The amount of liquid you drink - limit to 1, 2-1, 5 liters per day.

Physical activity

At the 9th month of pregnancy, exercises are recommended to be performed to a minimum. Particular attention should be paid to relaxing exercises that provide rest and pain relief during childbirth, breathing training due to the pectoral and abdominal muscles, and training the muscles of the perineum.

The Jacobson technique is effective in performing relaxing exercises. The main difference between this technique and most others is that a person must relax the muscles after they are strongly strained. Tension and relaxation should alternate from one muscle group to another, that is, in a certain sequence. You need to start with the muscles of the neck and upper girdle, and end with the muscles of the lower extremities.

While lying on a firm, straight surface (floor), you need to find a position in which you feel as comfortable as possible. Place pillows under your knees, ankles and head.

After lying down for a while at rest, it is necessary to strain any part of the body, for example, the shoulders. This is achieved by bending the shoulder blades towards oneself. The main thing when doing the exercise is calm breathing. The voltage must be delayed for about half a minute. Only after feeling tired and that the muscles are actually tense (there should be no pain), you can relax.

Muscle relaxation must be increased with each exhalation. It is also impossible to relax too slowly, as overstrain may occur.

Exercises for training the muscles of the perineum, which are performed in later stages, involve alternating muscle tension and relaxation, as if during the act of defecation or urination. The duration of the exercises is approximately 3-4 seconds. The pace can be fast or slow.

Traveling and having sex are not recommended during the 9th month of pregnancy.

Examinations in the ninth month

During the 9th month of pregnancy, a woman can conduct self-examination to study the activity of the baby. To do this, you need to count the number of strokes or movements with the whole body of the baby at the same time during periods of the baby's greatest physical activity within 2 hours. The norm is the performance of ten motor manifestations. If their number is small, it is better to inform the doctor about it.

scheduled examination of an obstetrician - gynecologist, performed 2 times a month. Includes examination of the uterus, listening to fetal heartbeats, measuring abdominal circumference, blood pressure and woman's weight;
study of general analyzes of urine and blood;
Ultrasound of the fetus with an assessment of the position of the fetus in the womb;
CTG - fetal cardiac examination. The goal is to determine the motor activity and work of the baby's cardiovascular system.

A woman should always have an exchange card (presents a document containing the results of analyzes and examinations) with her. Without an exchange card, in case of the onset of labor, it can be accepted only in a specialized maternity hospital, where women are admitted without registration and a certain place of residence, as well as nonresidents.

Possible complications

Placenta previa - may be accompanied by pathological bloody discharge, similar in appearance to menstrual bleeding. In previa, the placenta is attached to the base of the uterus and is located below the fetus. The exit to the birth canal is partially or completely blocked.

Placental abruption. Depending on the severity, it has different consequences. In mild cases (detachment of one or two tiny fragments), there may not be serious consequences, in severe cases (separation of up to a third of the placenta), a caesarean section may be required.

Preeclampsia - the main symptoms include: high blood pressure, swelling of the legs, arms and face, protein in the urine. It can result in eclampsia, the main complication of which is the development of convulsive syndrome. Typically, a regular antenatal check-up involves early diagnosis of preeclampsia and effective treatment, including antihypertensive drugs, diuretics, and bed rest.

When to see a doctor immediately

excessively strong Brexton-Hicks contractions (one minute long with a frequency of once every five minutes);
severe pain, increased activity of the baby, discharge of water;
bleeding from the birth canal - bright scarlet, reminiscent of menstrual flow, accompanied by pain, abundant;
signs of decreased motor activity of the fetus (frequency of movements in 2 hours less than 10 times);
fainting, "clouding" in the eyes;
decompensation of existing chronic diseases;

signs of labor:

vaginal discharge from pink to brown, preceding the discharge of the mucous plug from the same place,
some weight loss,
loose stools
"nesting instinct" (behavior aimed at finding a secluded and quiet place).